Darmesthi, Galuh (2017) Uji Karakteristik Biopelet Dari Biomassa Limbah Pengolahan Kakao (Theobroma Cacao) Dan Pisang Kepok (Musa Paradisiaca L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Produksi hasil sektor pertanian yang relatif meningkat setiap tahunnya berdampak banyaknya limbah yang terbuang dari hasil pengolahan komoditi tersebut seperti, kulit kakao dan kulit pisang. Energi biomassa merupakan salah satu energi alternatif yang memiliki potensi besar di indonesia sebesar 50,000 MW, biomassa bersumber dari berbagai jenis limbah pertanian maupun hutan. Pemanfaatan dari biomasa sebagai bahan bakar ialah memproduksinya menjadi biopelet dengan menggunakan proses densifikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu persentase kulit kakao (K) dan kulit pisang (P) sebanyak 3 taraf dan ukuran ayakan (mesh) sebanyak 4 taraf yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakterisasi fisik yang terkandung dalam biopelet berbahan baku kulit kakao dan kulit pisang diantaranya ialah, kadar air, kadar abu, nilai kalor, densitas, volatile matter (zat terbang), laju pembakaran, dan efektivitas. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian yaitu tekanan yang diberikan saat proses densifikasi menunjukkan kandungan energi per volume, kandungan energi per volume naik seiring dengan naiknya densitas biopelet. Perlakuan persentase bahan dan ukuran ayakan tidak berbeda nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar abu dan volatile matter. Ukuran ayakan memberikan pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap nilai kalor dan densitas. Persentase bahan memberikan pengaruh beda nyata terhadap laju pembakaran. Sedangkan perlakuan persentase bahan dan ukuran ayakan memberikan pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap efektivitas biopelet. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada biopellet yang ix memiliki serbuk sebesar 60 mesh dengan kombinasi bahan dengan persentase 80% kulit kakao dan 20% kulit pisang menghasilkan nilai kalor tertinggi sebesar 4049.81 kal/gr, kadar abu 9.80%, kadar air 5.10%, volatile matter 78.91%, densitas 8.22%, laju pembakaran 131.22 gr/dtk, dan efektivitas 98.70%.
English Abstract
The production of the agricultural sector which is relatively increased annually an impact on the amount of waste discarded from the processing of these commodities such as cocoa husk and banana peels skin. Biomass energy is one of the alternative energy that has great potential in Indonesia of 50,000 MW, biomass sourced from various types of agricultural and forest waste. Utilization of biomass as fuel is to produce it into biopelet by using densification process. This research used Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) method consisting of 2 factors, namely the percentage of cocoa (K) and banana peel (P) of 3 levels and mesh size (4 mesh) which is repeated 3 times, and the purpose of this research is to know the physical characterization contained in biopelet made from raw cocoa husk and banana peel are: water content, ash content, calorific value, density, volatile matter, combustion rate, and effectiveness. The results obtained from the research that the pressure given during the densification process shows the energy content per volume increases with the increase of biopelet density. The percentage treatment of the material and the size of the sieve were not significantly different from moisture content, ash content and volatile matter. The size of the sieve has a significant different effect on the calorific and density values. The percentage of material gives significant difference to the rate of burning. While the percentage treatment of the material and the size of the sieve gave a significant different effect on the effectiveness of biopelet. The best treatment was found in biopellet with 60 mesh powder with combination of material with percentage of 80% cocoa husk and xi 20% banana peel yielding the highest calorific value of 4049.81 kal / gr, ash content 9.80%, water content 5.10%, volatile matter 78.91%, density 8.22%, combustion rate 131.22 gr / sec, and 98.70% effectiveness.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2017/724/051800037 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biomassa, Biopelet, Kulit Kakao, Kulit Pisang, Nilai Kalor |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 658 General management > 658.5 Management of production > 658.56 Product control, packaging; waste control and utilization |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jan 2018 07:09 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Nov 2021 01:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/8418 |
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