Noviana, Irma (2017) Pengaruh Umur Panen Dan Waktu Curing Terhadap Viabilitas Benih Terung (Solanum melongena L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Terung merupakan tanaman perdu dari famili terung-terungan (Solanaceae). Meningkatnya kesejahteraan masyarakat dan kesadaran untuk hidup sehat berdampak terhadap peningkatan konsumsi sayuran termasuk terung. Menurut Badan Pusat Statistik (2014), produksi terung di Indonesia pada tahun 2014 mencapai 557.040 ton dan tahun 2013 yaitu 545.646 ton, mengalami kenaikan dari tahun 2013-2014. Benih bermutu tidak terlepas dari rangkaian kegiatan teknologi benih yaitu mulai dari produksi benih, pengolahan benih, pengujian benih, sertifikasi benih sampai penyimpanan benih. Benih yang disimpan perlu diuji viabilitasnya untuk mengetahui keberhasilan tanam. Tujuan utama penyimpanan benih adalah untuk mempertahankan viabilitas benih dalam periode simpan sepanjang mungkin. Produksi benih bermutu tidak lepas dari penentuan masak fisiologis benih yang akan dipanen. Diperlukan waktu yang tepat dalam pemanenan buah serta penanganan pasca panen seperti waktu curing. Berdasarkan penjelasan tersebut, perlu dilakukan kegiatan untuk menentukan umur panen dan waktu curing yang tepat terhadap viabilitas benih terung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui umur masak fisiologis benih terung (Solanum melongena L.) yang menghasilkan benih bermutu, mengetahui waktu curing yang tepat pada penanganan pasca panen produksi benih terung yang menghasilkan benih bermutu, serta mengetahui interaksi umur panen dan waktu curing terhadap mutu benih terung. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini adalah umur panen paling baik mampu meningkatkan mutu benih terung, waktu curing tertentu mampu meningkatkan mutu benih terung, serta terdapat interaksi antara umur panen dan waktu curing terhadap mutu benih yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Agustus 2017. Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi 2 bagian yaitu penanaman di lahan (umur panen dan waktu curing) serta analisis uji viabilitas benih yang dilaksanakan di PT. BISI International, Tbk Farm Karangploso, Malang. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial, faktor pertama yaitu umur panen (P) terdiri 4 umur panen yaitu 50 HSP (Hari Setelah Polinasi) (P1), 55 HSP (P2), 60 HSP (P3) dan 65 HSP (P4). Faktor kedua waktu curing (C) terdiri dari 4 waktu curing yaitu 0 hari/tanpa disimpan (C0), 2 hari (C1), 4 hari (C2), dan 6 hari (C3), sehingga didapatkan 16 kombinasi perlakuan. Masingmasing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Alat yang digunakan antara lain pinset, label, staples, alat tulis, timbangan analitik, ember, kamera, nampan, penggaris, karung, electric moisture meter, centrifuge, cool room, dryer. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu benih tetua jantan (EP1010B) dan tetua betina (EP1010A) untuk ditanam, benih hasil persilangan tetua jantan dan betina (EP1010), pupuk NPK, KCl, SP36, ZA, kertas sungkup polinasi, benang, pestisida, plastic clip, label. Percobaan di ruangan (untuk waktu curing) menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dua faktor. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi variabel mutu fisik dan fisiologis benih yang terdiri dari, rendemen benih (%), ii berat benih per buah (g), bobot 1000 butir (g), kadar air benih (%), daya berkecambah benih (%) dan tinggi bibit (cm). Data yang didapatkan dari hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dilakukan analisis menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) dengan taraf 5% dan dilanjutkan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) apabila terdapat beda nyata antar perlakuan dengan taraf 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh mutu fisik dan fisiologi benih dari aplikasi umur panen dan waktu curing. Mutu benih dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu mutu fisik (rendemen benih, berat benih per buah, bobot 1000 butir, kadar air dan tinggi bibit) dan mutu fisiologis (daya berkecambah). Perlakuan terbaik variabel rendemen benih dan berat benih per buah pada umur panen 60 HSP dicuring selama 6 hari (P3C3). Perlakuan terbaik variabel bobot 1000 butir pada umur panen 60 HSP di-curing selama 0 hari (P3C0) dan 4 hari (P3C2). Perlakuan terbaik variabel kadar air dan daya berkecambah pada umur panen 55 HSP dicuring selama 6 hari (P2C3) dan perlakuan terbaik variabel tinggi bibit pada umur panen 50 HSP di-curing selama 6 hari (P1C3). Terdapat interaksi umur panen dan waktu curing yang diberikan terhadap variabel rendemen benih, berat benih per buah, bobot 1000 butir, kadar air, daya berkecambah dan tinggi bibit pada benih terung. Perlakuan terbaik terhadap mutu fisiologi benih terung yaitu daya berkecambah benih terdapat pada umur panen 55 HSP dengan waktu curing 6 hari (P2C3) sebesar 89%.
English Abstract
Eggplant is plants shrubs of the family Solanaceae. Increasing community welfare and awareness for healthy living impact against the increased consumption of vegetables include eggplant. Badan Pusat Statistik (2014) eggplant crop productivity in Indonesia at 2014 reached 557.040 ton and in 2013 reached 545.646 ton, increased from 2013-2014. Obtain good quality seed was inseparable from a seed technology activities namely starting from seed production, seed processing, seed certification testing to seed storage. Saved seed needs to be tested viability to know the success of the planting. The main purpose of a seed storage was to maintain seed viability period save all possible. Seed production quality of determination of physiological ripening of the seed will be harvested. It takes the right time in the harvesting of the fruit as well as postharvest handling such as curing. Based on that explanation, activities need to be performed to determine the age of harvesting and curing time of the right against the viability of the eggplant seeds. The purpose of this research was to know the harvest age of the seed physiological ripe eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) which produces good quality seed, knowing the proper curing time on the postharvest handling of eggplant seed production to produce good quality seed, knowing the interaction of age harvest and curing time against quality seeds of eggplant. The hypothesis of this research was the best harvest age was able to increase the quality of the seeds of eggplant, certain curing time was able to increase the quality of the seeds of eggplant, there was an interaction between age harvest and curing time against quality of seed produced. This research was conducted in January until August 2017. This research was divided into 2 parts, namely planted at land (age harvest and curing time) as well as the analysis viability test of seed was conducted at PT. BISI International Tbk Farm Karangploso, Malang. The design used in this research was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) factorial, first factor was harvest age factor (P) consisting of 4 aged harvesting namely 50 DAP (P1), 55 DAP (P2), 60 DAP (P3) and 65 DAP (P4). The second factor was the curing time (C) consists of 4 time curing namely 0 day/without stored (C0), 2 day (C1), 4 day (C2) and 6 day (C3), so that the obtained 16 combination treatment. Each treatment was repeated three times. The tools use include tweezers, staples, sack, stationery, analytic scales, bucket, camera, tray, ruler, electric moisture meter, centrifuge, cool room, dryer. Materials used were genotype of male (EP1010B) and female (EP1010A), the seed of the results crossed (EP1010), fertilizer NPK, KCl, SP36, ZA, paper for pollination, yarn, pesticide, ziplock plastic, labels, water. Experiments in the in the room (curing time) and the laboratory used Randomized Block Design (RBD) factorial, two-factor. Observations made include variable physical and physiological quality of seeds composed of seeds rendemen (%), weight of seeds per fruit (g), weight of 1000 grains (g), seed moisture content (%), seed germination (%), height of seedlings (cm). Data obtained from observations carried out further analysis by used the analysis range (F test) and standard of 5% with the aim to find out whether or not tangible influence of treatment and iv continued testing Least Significant Difference (LSD) when there was a real difference between treatment with standard of 5%. The results of the research there was the influence of the physical and physiological quality of seeds from the application of harvest age and curing time. The quality of the seed was divided into physical quality (seeds rendemen, weight of seed per fruit, weight of 1000 grain, moisture content and height of seedlings), and physiological quality (seed germination). The best treatment of seeds rendemen and weight of seed per fruit variables at harvest age of 60 DAP with curing 6 days (P3C3). The best treatment of weight of 1000 grain variable at harvest age of 60 DAP with curing 0 day (P3C0) and 4 days (P3C2). The best treatment of moisture content and seed germination variables at harvest age of 55 DAP with curing 6 days (P2C3) and the best treatment of height of seedling at harvest age of 50 DAP with curing 6 days (P1C3). There was interaction of harvest age and curing time given to variable seeds rendemen, weight of seed per fruit, weight of 1000 grain, moisture content, seeds germination and height of seedlings. The best treatment to the quality of seed physiology of eggplant namely seeds germination at the harvest age of 55 with DAP with curing time of 6 days (P2C3) of 89%
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/1015/051800261 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.6 Edible garden fruits and seeds > 635.64 Other garden fruits > 635.646 Eggplants |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jan 2018 06:49 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Oct 2021 06:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/7806 |
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