Farantika, Indria (2017) Potensi Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sebagai Antagonis Terhadap Patogen Tular Benih Pada Jagung. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Patogen terbawa benih dapat menyebabkan benih busuk, nekrosis pada benih, penurunan daya perkecambahan serta kerusakan bibit. Keberadaan patogen pada benih sangat mempengaruhi kualitas dan mutu benih pada jagung. Upaya pengendalian terhadap patogen terbawa benih telah banyak dilakukan baik perlakuan benih secara fisik maupun perlakuan kimia dengan perendaman pada fungisida. Namun upaya pengendalian dengan pemanfaatan agens hayati seperti khamir belum banyak dilakukan. Salah satu khamir yang dapat digunakan yaitu khamir Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Khamir S. cerevisiae dapat menghasilkan antifungi, toksin dan antibiotik yang berpotensi menekan beberapa cendawan patogen terbawa benih. Khamir dari spesies ini dapat ditumbuhkan pada media yang ekonomis seperti media limbah cair tahu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangbiakan khamir S. cerevisiae dalam media limbah cair tahu, mendapatkan dan mengidentifikasi patogen terbawa benih pada jagung serta kemampuan khamir S. cerevisiae dalam menekan ancaman patogen terbawa benih jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2017 di Laboratorium Mikologi Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Penelitian ini meliputi isolasi khamir S. cerevisiae, identifikasi khamir S. cerevisiae, deteksi dan isolasi patogen terbawa benih pada jagung, identifikasi isolat patogen terbawa benih jagung, pembuatan suspensi khamir S. cerevisiae, uji perkembangbiakan khamir S. cerevisiae dalam media limbah cair tahu, uji antagonis khamir S. cerevisiae dengan patogen terbawa benih jagung secara in vitro dan uji efektivitas khamir S. cerevisiae terhadap pertumbuhan benih jagung. Dari hasil pengamatan khamir S. cerevisiae memiliki koloni berbentuk lingkaran, berwarna krem dengan tekstur padat, tepian nampak bergerigi, bagian bawah koloni berwarna putih kekuningan dan memiliki elevasi agak cembung. Sel khamir berbentuk oval dengan pertunasan multilateral. Uji perkembangbiakan khamir S. cerevisiae dalam media limbah cair tahu, khamir mengalami fase lag (pertumbuhan awal) pada hari ke-0 sampai hari ke-2 inkubasi, mengalami fase log (pertumbuhan ganas) pada hari ke-2 sampai hari ke-6 inkubasi dan mengalami fase stasioner (tetap) hari ke-6 sampai hari ke-8 inkubasi. Hasil deteksi dan isolasi patogen terbawa benih pada jagung didapatkan dua isolat jamur patogen terbawa benih. Patogen tersebut adalah Fusarium sp. dan Aspergillus sp. Uji antagonis khamir terhadap patogen terbawa benih secara in vitro, khamir memiliki kemampuan mengendalikan patogen Fusarium sp. sebesar 37,91% dan Aspergillus sp. sebesar 20,98%. Hasil uji penekanan patogen terbawa benih didapatkan bahwa tanaman yang diinokulasi khamir memiliki ketahanan dan pertumbuhan yang baik serta khamir mampu menekan munculnya patogen terbawa benih.
English Abstract
Seed-borne pathogens cause seed decay, necrosis, the decrease in viability, and seed damage. Seed-borne pathogens affect the quality of maize seeds. Various efforts of controlling seed-borne pathogens have been implemented through, both physical treatments of seeds and chemical treatments with fungicide immersion. However, pathogens control by means of biological agents, such as yeast has not yet been widely applied. One species of yeast that can be utilized as a biological agent is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae produces antifungal effect, toxins, and antibiotics to suppress seed-borne disease pathogen. This yeast species can be grown within a simple medium, for example, tofu liquid waste. This research aimed to study the growth and development of yeast S. cerevisiae within tofu liquid waste medium, acquire and identify the seed-borne pathogen in maize, also, to determine the ability of S. cerevisiae to suppress the infection of seed-borne pathogens in maize. This research was conducted from March to August 2017 in the Laboratory, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. This research consisted of S. cerevisiae isolation, S. cerevisiae identification, maize seed-borne pathogens detection and isolation, maize seed-borne pathogens isolate identification, S. cerevisiae suspension preparation, culture of S. cerevisiae within tofu liquid waste, in vitro evaluation of S. cerevisiae antagonistic activity against the seed-borne pathogen of maize, and effectiveness test of S. cerevisiae to maize seed growth. According to the observation, S. cerevisiae forms a yellowish circular colony with a solid texture, undulating margin, yellowish white bottom part, and concave elevation. A single yeast cell was identified in an oval shape with multilateral budding. Growth analysis of S. cerevisiae in tofu liquid waste demonstrated a lag phase (growth initiation) from day 0 to day 2 of incubation, a log phase (exponential growth) within the 2nd up to 6th of incubation, and a stationary phase (stagnant growth) within the 6th until the 8th day of incubation. Two isolates of maize seed-borne disease were obtained from detection and isolation process. The pathogens were, namely, Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus sp. in vitro evaluation of S. cerevisiae antagonistic activity indicated that the yeast could suppress the growth of pathogen Fusarium sp. by 37,91% and Aspergillus sp. by 20,98%. The seed-borne pathogen suppression test indicated that yeast-inoculated plants demonstrated a better immunity and growth as well as an ability in suppressing seed-borne pathogens.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/1012/051800258 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jan 2018 06:34 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Oct 2021 06:42 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/7801 |
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