Herawati, Windhi and Friatnasary, Dwi Lerian (2017) Studi Perbandingan Komposisi Minyak Atsiri Kemangi Hasil Ekstraksi Dan Distilasi UAP. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman kemangi banyak dimanfaatkan dalam bidang kuliner tradisional di Indonesia. Selain itu, tanaman kemangi memiliki potensi sebagai salah satu sumber minyak atsiri. Minyak atsiri kemangi banyak diaplikasikan pada industri flavor dan fragrance. Isolasi minyak atsiri kemangi dapat dilakukan melalui dua metode, yaitu distilasi uap dan ekstraksi. Metode isolasi minyak atsiri yang berbeda akan mempengaruhi komposisi minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan komposisi minyak atsiri kemangi hasil ekstraksi dan distilasi uap. Penelitian ini menggunakan tanaman kemangi yang diperoleh dari Pasar Merjosari, Kota Malang. Tanaman kemangi melalui proses pre-treatment berupa pelayuan hingga kelembaban mencapai 15-20%. Proses distilasi uap dilakukakan selama 4 jam,6 jam, dan 8 jam. Distilat dipisahkan antara lapisan kaya minyak atsiri dan lapisan kaya air menggunakan corong pisah. Sisa air pada minyak atsiri kemangi dipisahkan menggunakan Na2SO4 anhidrat. Sementara itu, proses ekstraksi dilakukan sebanyak 6 siklus dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksan dan etanol. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dipisahkan antara minyak atsiri kemangi dan pelarut menggunakan rotary evaporator. Komposisi minyak atsiri kemangi diuji menggunakan analisis GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi minyak atsiri kemangi hasil ekstraksi berbeda dengan hasil distilasi uap. Isolasi senyawa karvakrol, heksadekanol, hidroksidihidromaltol, glisidil metakrilat, 3-pirolin, beta bisabolen, isopropil butirat, safrol, geraniol, asam karbamat, dan butil alkohol, 2-D1 (top-note) lebih efektif menggunakan metode ekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol. Isolasi senyawa geranial, neral, farnesol, alfa bergamoten, alfa bisabolen, dan linalool lebih efektif menggunakan metode distilasi uap dimana waktu distilasi optimal yaitu 4 jam.
English Abstract
Basil is widely used as culinary herbs in Indonesia. Basil also has potential to become one of essential oil sources. Basil essential oil is commonly used in flavor and fragrance industry. The isolation of basil essential oil can be performed with two methods, which are steam distillation and solvent extraction. Different method of essential oil isolation can affect the basil essential oil composition. This study aim to compare the basil essential oil obtained from solvent extraction and steam distillation. Basil that used in this study was obtained from Pasar Merjosari, Malang. Basil undergoes a pre-treatment process, withering, until the moisture content reaches 15-20%. The steam distillation process was performed for 4 hours, 6 hours, and 8 hours. Distillate was separated between essential oil-rich layer and water-rich layer using separating funnel. Purification of basil essential oil was done with Na2SO4 anhydrate. Meanwhile, solvent extraction process was performed for 6 cycles using n-hexane and ethanol as the solvent. The obtained extract was separated between basil essential oil and the solvent using rotary evaporator. Basil essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The result of the study showed that the basil essential oil composition obtained from solvent extraction different with the one that obtained from steam distillation process. Isolation of carvacrol, hexadecanol, hydroxydihydromaltol, glycidyl methacrylate, 3-pyrroline, beta bisabolene, isopropyl butyrate, safrole, geraniol, carbamic acid, butyl alcohol 2-D1 (top note) is more effective using solvent extraction with ethanol as the solvent. Isolation of geranial, neral, fanesol, alpha bergamotene, alpha bisabolene, and linalool is more effective using steam distillation with optimum distillation time 4 hours.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FT/2017/1114/051712611 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Distilasi Uap, Ekstraksi, Kemangi |
| Subjects: | |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Kimia |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jan 2018 03:01 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2020 05:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/7778 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |