Studi Pengaruh Waktu Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Menjadi Biodiesel Dengan Katalis Heterogen CaO-Fe2O3

Sukoco, Regina Yolanda and Efendi, Achmad Rosid Ary (2017) Studi Pengaruh Waktu Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Menjadi Biodiesel Dengan Katalis Heterogen CaO-Fe2O3. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Biodiesel adalah salah satu bahan bakar alternatif sebagai bahan bakar pengganti solar. Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar yang bersih dan dapat diproduksi dari bahan-bahan terbarukan. Biodiesel pada penelitian kali ini terbuat dari minyak kelapa sawit dan metanol dengan bantuan katalis heterogen melalui reaksi transesterifikasi. Katalis yang digunakan adalah katalis basa heterogen CaO dengan prekursor Fe2O3. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu reaksi transesterfikasi terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas produk biodiesel yang dihasilkan. Katalis dibuat dengan menggunakan metode impregnasi basah dengan rasio volume prekursor dan katalis yaitu 1:6. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan waterbath dengan suhu 65oC selama 100 menit, 110 menit, 120 menit, 130 menit, dan 140 menit dengan rasio molar metanol : minyak adalah 1:8 dan catalyst loading sebesar 5% berat minyak sawit. Pada penelitian kali ini, peneliti juga menghitung besarnya nilai energi aktivasi reaksi transesterifikasi. Untuk mencari nilai energi aktivasi dilakukan variasi suhu transesterifikasi pada waktu 120 menit, yakni 60oC. Nilai energi aktivasi reaksi transesterifikasi tercatat sebesar -15,76 kJ/mol. Pengujian produk biodiesel dilakukan dengan pengujian karakter fisik berupa densitas, viskositas, dan bilangan asam serta pengujian kuantitas dan kualitas dengan menghitung yield dan kadar FAME dari biodiesel. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah biodiesel dengan variabel waktu reaksi transesterifikasi selama 140 menit pada suhu 65oC memiliki nilai kadar FAME yang paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 80,00%.

English Abstract

Biodiesel is one of the best alternative fuels for replacing the diesel fuel. Biodiesel is determined as a clean fuel and can be produced from renewable materials. In this research, biodiesel is made from palm oil and methanol with heterogenous catalyst support by using transesterification reaction. The catalyst used was a heterogeneous CaO catalyst with Fe2O3 as precursor. This research aims to determine the effect of transesterification reaction time on the conversion of biodiesel that has been produced. Catalyst was made by using wet impregnation method with ratio of precursor : catalyst is 1:6. The transesterification process is applied by using waterbath at 65oC for 100 minutes, 110 minutes, 120 minutes, 130 minutes and 140 minutes with molar ratio between methanol and palm oil of 1:8 and 5% of catalyst loading. In this research, also determine the value of transesterification reaction activation energy. The activation energy was determine by variying the temperature of transesterification process. The temperature used is 60oC for 120 minutes. Calculated that the value of activation energy is about -15,76 kJ/mol. The test of biodiesel product is applied to find out the physical character of biodiesel by testing the density, viscosity, and acid number of biodiesel. Quantity and quality test of biodiesel product is also applied by testing the yield reaction and FAME content. Biodiesel that has been processed with transesterification reaction at 65oC for 120 minutes produced the best FAME content of 80%.Biodiesel is one of the best alternative fuels for replacing the diesel fuel. Biodiesel is determined as a clean fuel and can be produced from renewable materials. In this research, biodiesel is made from palm oil and methanol with heterogenous catalyst support by using transesterification reaction. The catalyst used was a heterogeneous CaO catalyst with Fe2O3 as precursor. This research aims to determine the effect of transesterification reaction time on the conversion of biodiesel that has been produced. Catalyst was made by using wet impregnation method with ratio of precursor : catalyst is 1:6. The transesterification process is applied by using waterbath at 65oC for 100 minutes, 110 minutes, 120 minutes, 130 minutes and 140 minutes with molar ratio between methanol and palm oil of 1:8 and 5% of catalyst loading. In this research, also determine the value of transesterification reaction activation energy. The activation energy was determine by variying the temperature of transesterification process. The temperature used is 60oC for 120 minutes. Calculated that the value of activation energy is about -15,76 kJ/mol. The test of biodiesel product is applied to find out the physical character of biodiesel by testing the density, viscosity, and acid number of biodiesel. Quantity and quality test of biodiesel product is also applied by testing the yield reaction and FAME content. Biodiesel that has been processed with transesterification reaction at 65oC for 120 minutes produced the best FAME content of 80%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FT/2017/1119/051712667
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodiesel, Transesterifikasi, Impregnasi Basah, Katalis Fe2O3-CaO
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 665 Technology of industrial oils, fats, waxes, gases > 665.3 Vegetable fats and oils > 665.37 Biodiesel fuel
Divisions:	Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Kimia
Depositing User:	Yusuf Dwi N.
Date Deposited:	08 Jan 2018 06:16
Last Modified:	03 Oct 2022 06:36
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/7755

Text REGINA YOLANDA S & ACHMAD ROSID ARY E.pdf Download (8MB)

Actions (login required)

View Item