Prasetyo, Riza Agus (2017) Uji Daya Hasil 12 Calon Varietas Jagung Hibrida. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Posisi jagung dalam diversifikasi konsumsi pangan berfungsi dalam mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap makanan pokok.Jagung juga berperan dalam industri pangan yang memerlukan pasokan terbesar dibanding untuk konsumsi langsung. Neraca impor jagung dari tahun 2011 sampai 2015 rata-rata defisit 2 juta ton lebih. Hal ini menunjukkan ketergantungan akan jagung impor semakin meningkat, sehingga perlu usaha terus menerus untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung nasional. Banyak cara untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung. Bagaimanapun juga, memperbaiki kultivar mungkin merupakan pendekatan yang paling efektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui informasi daya hasil masing-masing calon varietas. Dengan hipotesis yang diajukan yaitu terdapat perbedaan daya hasil dari masing-masing calon varietas yang di tanam. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Brawijaya Griya Santha pada bulan Maret- Juli 2017, Alat yang digunakan untuk kegiatan penanaman dan pemeliharaanialah cangkul, sabit, gunting, kamera, kertas label, papan impraboard, bambu dan tali rafia, meteran, penggarisdan timbangan analitik.Bahan yang digunakan adalah 12 calon jagung hibrida; UB53,UB54, UB55, UB56, UB57, UB58, UB59, UB60, UB61, UB62, UB63, UB64. Sedangkan untuk kontrol digunakan jagung varietas BISI 18 dan Pertiwi 3. Pupuk majemuk NPK (15,15,15), pupuk kompos, pupuk ZA, herbisida, insektisida, fungisida dan air.Penelitian dilakukan pada luas lahan 18,4 m x 43,4 m. Dengan plot seluas 4 m x 2,5 m, jarak antar plot 60 cm. Dalam 1 plot jarak tanam antar jagung adalah 70cm x 20cm (denah). Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 ulangan. Terdapat total 56 petak perlakuan yang terdiri dari 12 varietas jagung hibrida dan 2 varietas jagung pembanding (bisi dan pertiwi). Dalam 1 plot percobaan terdapat 72 tanaman(denah). Setiap plot perlakuan terdapat 12 sampel pengamatan. Parameter pengamatan dalam penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok: kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pengamatan kualitatif meliputi warna biji, sedangkan kuantitatif meliputi: Tinggi tanaman (cm), umur berbunga jantan (tasseling), umur berbunga betina (silking), panjang tongkol, jumlah tongkol per tanaman, umur panen, panjang tongkol kupasan (kernel), diameter tongkol (cm), bobot tongkol segar, bobot pipilan per tongkol, bobot 100 biji, rendemen hasil, dan potensi hasil. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan tabel annova (uji F). Jika terdapat perbedaan yang nyata dalam perlakuan, maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji Duncan (DMRT) dengan taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan beberapa variabel menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata dan tidak berbeda nyata. Karakter yang menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata adalah perkecambahan 4 hst, perkecambahan 6 hst, tinggi tanaman 2 mst, tinggi tanaman 4 mst, umur tasseling, jumlah tanaman, panjang husk cover, panjang tip filling, diameter tongkol, jumlah baris per ii tongkol, bobot 100 biji, Karakter kuantitatif yang diamati di antaranya tinggi tanaman, tinggi letak tongkol, umur tasseling, umur silking, umur panen, jumlah tongkol pertanaman, jumlah tongkol produktif, jumlah baris biji per tongkol, panjang tongkol, panjang tip filling, diameter tongkol, dan bobot 100 biji. Sedangkan karakter yang tidak berbeda nyata adalah perkecambahan 5 hst, tinggi tanaman 6 mst, tinggi tanaman 8 mst, tinggi letak tongkol, umur silking, umur panen, jumlah tongkol, biomassa, panjang tongkol, bobot tongkol ton ha-1, bobot pipilan per tongkol, kadar air, rendemen, dan potensi hasil. Dari 12 calon varietas yang diujikan menunjukkan hasil panen yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan varietas pembanding komersil yang diujikan yaitu varietas BISI 18 dan Pertiwi. Namun hasil biji kering yang lebih tinggi dari calon varietas yang diujikan dibanding varietas pembanding adalah UB 54, UB 60, UB 61, dan UB 63.
English Abstract
The position of the corn in the diversification of food consumption function in reducing dependence towards staple food. Corn also plays a role in the food industry that requires the largest supply for direct consumption. The balance of imports corn from the years 2011 to 2015 an average deficit of 2 million tons more. This shows the dependence of imported corn will be increasing, so it needs to be a continuous effort to improve the national corn production. Many ways to enhance the production of corn. However, improved cultivars may be the most effective approach. The purpose of this research is to find out the information resources the results of each candidate varieties. With the proposed hypothesis that is there is a difference of power results from each candidate varieties in planting. The research was carried out on an experimental Farm Faculty Brawijaya Griya Santha in March-July 2017, a tool used for planting and pemeliharaanialah hoe, sickle, scissors, camera, paper labels, impraboard Board, bamboo and ropes of Raphia, meter, penggarisdan analytical scales. The material used is 12 prospective corn hybrid; UB53, UB54, UB55, UB56, UB57, UB58, UB59, UB60, UB61, UB62, UB63, UB64. Whereas for the control of the corn varieties used BISI 18 and Earth 3. Compound fertilizer NPK (15, 15, 15), compost, fertilizer, herbicides, insecticides ZA, fungicide and water. Research done on the land area 18.4 m x 43.4 m2 plot With m. 4 m x 2.5 m, the distance between the plot of 60 cm in 1 plot the distance between cropping of maize is 70 cm x 20 cm (floor plan). Research using the method of random design group (RAK) with 4 replicates. There are a total of 56 swath of treatment consisting of 12 varieties of hybrid corn and maize varieties comparison 2 (bisi and Earth). In 1 trial plots there are 72 plants (floor plan). Each treatment plot there are 12 sample observations. The parameters of the observations in the study were divided into 2 groups: quantitative and qualitative. Qualitative observations include the color of the seed, whereas quantitative include: plant Height (cm), age (tasseling) male flowering, flowering age females (silking), the length of the cob, COB amount per plant, harvest age, the length of the cob peelings (kernel), COB (cm) in diameter, weighs fresh cobs, cobs, pipilan weight per weight of 100 seeds, yield results, and the potential outcomes. The data obtained were analyzed using table annova (F test). If there is a noticeable difference in treatment, then conducted further trials with test Duncan (DMRT) with 5% level. Based on the results of the analysis of the spectrum shows some variables shows a different result is real and the real is no different. Characters that show the different results of the real is the germination 4 hst, hst, 6 high germination plant 2 mst, mst, 4 plant high age tasseling, number of plants, long husk cover, iv long tip filling, the diameter of the cob, COB, number of lines per 100 seed weight, quantitative Characters observed in between tall plants, height lies the Tunny, age tasseling silking, age, age of harvest, the number of pertanaman number of cob, COB productive the number of rows of seeds per cob, COB length, length, diameter COB filling tip, and weighs 100 seeds. While the characters are not real is different germination plant, hst 5 6 mst, mst, 8 plant height lies the Tunny, age silking, age, amount of crop biomass, COB, COB, cob weight long ton ha-1, pipilan per cob weight, water content, yield, and yield potential. Of the 12 candidates to be tested varieties showed yields that are not different in comparison with a real commercial varieties to be tested i.e. varieties of BISI and Earth. But the results of the dried seeds of the varieties to be tested than the candidate varieties comparison is UB UB 54, 60, 61, and UB UB 63.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/780/051710997 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Dec 2017 01:42 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Sep 2020 17:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/7439 |
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