Nindikasari, Dita (2017) Adaptasi Petani Jagung Terhadap Perubahan Iklim Di Desa Pakel, Kecamatan Ngantru, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pemanasan global telah menjadi masalah yang sedang dihadapi oleh seluruh penduduk di dunia. Penyebab utama dari pemanasan global adalah meningkatnya emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) dari tahun ke tahun. Saat ini, Indonesia disebut sebagai negara penghasil emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) ketiga tertinggi di dunia. Hal ini tentu bedampak besar pada Indonesia. Salah satu dampaknya yaitu terjadinya perubahan iklim. Perubahan iklim menimbulkan pengaruh negatif pada sektor-sektor di Indonesia terutama pertanian. Karena adanya perubahan iklim menyebabkan petani tidak lagi bisa menggunakan pengetahuan lokal untuk memprediksi iklim, akibatnya petani salah menentukan strategi waktu tanam. Selain itu, perubahan iklim juga menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas, kuantitas hasil produksi terutama tanaman jagung. Bahkan perubahan iklim juga menyebabkan kegagalan panen yang berujung pada menurunnya kesejahteraan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi petani jagung di Desa Pakel terhadap perubahan iklim, mengkaji strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan petani jagung, mendeskripsikan proses komunikasi petani sehingga petani melakukan adaptasi perubahan iklim dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan petani jagung dalam melakukan adaptasi. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Desa Pakel, Kecamatan Ngantru, Kabupaten Tulungagung selama bulan Mei hingga Juli 2017. Untuk data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan membagikan kuesioner langsung pada 44 petani jagung, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari buku, jurnal, penelitian terdahulu, data BPS, data BMKG, dan sumber-sumber terkait yang relevan. Sebanyak 24 petani jagung mengetahui adanya perubahan iklim, dan sisanya 20 petani tidak mengetahui istilah perubahan iklim. Adaptasi perubahan iklim telah dilakukan oleh petani setempat ada 7 yaitu mengubah waktu tanam, sebanyak 7, sebanyak 24 petani melakukan perubahan varietas tanaman, 25 petani mengubah pola tanam dengan “Dampit”, 44 petani mengubah teknik irigasi dan pengairan, 15 petani mengubah teknik pengolahan tanah, 23 petani mengubah teknik pengendalian OPT dan sebanyak 8 petani mengubah teknik penggunaan pupuk. Proses komunikasi yang terjadi di kalangan petani yaitu, mayoritas petani memperoleh sumber informasi tentang perubahan iklim dari petani lain, pesan yang disampaikan terkait informasi budidaya jagung yang tepat, dampak perubahan iklim dan adaptasi yang tepat. Saluran komunikasi yang digunakan yaitu secara tatap muka atau langsung dan media komunikasi yang digunakan hanya media elektronik saja yaitu televisi, internet dan handphone. Penerima informasi perubahan iklim yaitu petani jagung responden yang terbagi menjadi dua golongan yaitu petani golongan tua dan golongan muda. Efek yang ditimbulkan akibat adanya proses komunikasi penyampaian informasi perubahan iklim yaitu mendorong petani melakukan adaptasi perubahan iklim. viii Faktor yang signifikan mempengaruhi petani dalam menentukan keputusan melakukan perubahan pola tanam “Dampit” yaitu lama pendidikan, jumlah anggota keluarga dan luas lahan. Sedangkan faktor yang tidak signifikan yaitu pengalaman bertani, mata pencaharian lain, farmer-to-farmer, penyuluhan pertanian, informasi perubahan iklim dan akses kredit pertanian.
English Abstract
Global warming has become a problem at hand by all inhabitants in the world. Main case from global warming is increases of greenhouse gas emission from year to year. For this time, Indonesia is called the third highest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world. This is certainly a big impact on Indonesia. One of the effects is climate change. The climate change has a negative effect on the sectors in Indonesia, especially agriculture. Due to climate change, farmers are no longer able to use local knowledge to predict climate, consequently farmers are wrong in determining the strategy of planting time. In addition, climate change also causes decline in quality, quantity of production, especially corn crops. Even climate change also causes crop failures that lead to a decline in the welfare of farmers. This study aims to determine the perception of corn farmers in Pakel Village on climate change, to review adaptation strategies conducted by corn farmers, to describe the communication process of farmers so that farmers adapt to climate change and analyze the factors that influence the decision of corn farmers in doing adaptation. The location of the research was conducted in Pakel Village, Ngantru District, the county of Tulungagung during May to July 2017. For the data used in the study of primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through interviews, observation and direct questionnaires distributed to 44 corn farmers, while secondary data were obtained from books, journals, previous research, BPS data, BMKG data, and relevant relevant sources A total of 24 corn farmers are aware of climate change, and the remaining 20 farmers do not know the term climate change. Adaptation of climate change has been done by 7 adaptation that are changing the planting time 7 farmers, as many as 24 farmers change the crop varieties, 25 farmers change the cropping pattern with "Dampit", 44 farmers change irrigation and irrigation techniques, 15 farmers change the soil processing techniques, 23 farmers change the control technique OPT and as many as 8 farmers changed the technique of fertilizer use. The process of communication that occurs among farmers is that the majority of farmers obtain sources of information about climate change from other farmers, the message conveyed related to appropriate maize cultivation information, the impact of climate change and appropriate adaptation. Communication channels used are face to face or direct and communication media used only electronic media only that is television, internet and mobile phone. Recipients of climate change information is the respondent's maize farmers are divided into two groups, namely the old and young group of farmers. Effects caused by the communication process of delivering climate change information is to encourage farmers to adapt to climate change. Factors that significantly affect the farmers in determining the decision to change the pattern of planting "Dampit" is the length of education, the number of family members and land area. Non-significant factors include farming experience, other livelihoods, farmer-to-farmers, agricultural extension, climate change information and access to agricultural credit.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/658/051710873 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Dec 2017 08:34 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Feb 2022 00:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/6651 |
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