Puspasari, Monica Ayu (2017) Analisis Kepatuhan Uni Eropa Terhadap Keputusan World Trade Organization (WTO) Terkait Penyelesaian Sengketa Subsidi Gula dengan Brazil Tahun 2006. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Aturan kerjasama perdagangan internasional di bidang pertanian dalam World Trade Organization (WTO) mengalami negosiasi yang cukup panjang sebelumnya, yang akhirnya mencapai kesepakatan dalam Agreement on Agriculture pada 1 Januari 1995. WTO sebagai rezim perdagangan internasional dan juga memiliki fungsi sebagai platform dalam negosiasi perdagangan, menawarkan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa dagang. Salah satu penyebab utama dalam sengketa perdagangan internasional di bidang pertanian adalah karena subsidi ekspor. WTO melarang menerapkan subsidi ekspor kecuali subsidi tersebut telah dicantumkan secara spesifik dalam list of commitments masing-masing negara anggota. Subsidi ekspor juga telah menyebabkan sengketa dagang antara Uni Eropa dengan Brazil pada bidang pertanian di sektor gula. Uni Eropa telah melanggar komitmen subsidi ekspor WTO dalam rezim gulanya yang diatur pada EC Council Regulation no 1260/2001 yang menyebabkan harga gula dunia mengalami distorsi pasar. Hal ini juga membawa kerugian yang cukup besar bagi Brazil yang merupakan eksportir gula terbesar di dunia. Atas dasar inilah, Brazil menggugat Uni Eropa melalui mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa dagang WTO. Dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa, Uni Eropa terbukti melanggar dan harus merubah aturan gulanya. Keputusan WTO secara patuh dilakukan oleh Uni Eropa, dengan menggunakan teori Compliance dari Hyoung-Kyu Che yang terdiri atas externality, market dan domestic based compliance mechanism. Teori tersebut akan digunakan untuk menjelaskan kepatuhan yang dilakukan Uni Eropa.
English Abstract
The international trade agreement on agriculture in the World Trade Organization (WTO) underwent considerable negotiations before reaching agreement on Agreement on Agriculture on 1 January 1995. The WTO is an international trade regime and also serves as a platform in trade negotiations, offering dispute resolution mechanism. One of the main causes in international trade disputes in agriculture is due to export subsidies. The WTO prohibits applying export subsidies unless the subsidy has been specified in the list of commitments of each member country. Export subsidies have also led to trade disputes between the European Union (EU) and Brazil in agriculture in the sugar sector. The European Union (EU) has violated the WTO export subsidy commitments in its sugar regime set out in EC Council Regulation no. 1260/2001 which causes world sugar prices to experience market distortions. This also brings considerable losses to Brazil, the world's largest sugar exporter. On this basis, Brazil is suing the EU through a WTO trade dispute resolution mechanism. In the dispute resolution process, the EU is found to be in violation and must change its sugar rules. The WTO's decisions are adhered by the European Union, using Hyoung-Kyu Che's Compliance theory consisting of externality, market and domestic based compliance mechanism. The theory will be used to explain compliance by the European Union.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FIS/2017/1023/051711939 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Agreement on Agriculture, WTO, Kepatuhan, Sengketa Dagang Uni Eropa- Brazil, Subsidi Ekspor Gula |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 382 International commerce (Foreign trade) > 382.9 Trade agreements > 382.92 World Trade Organization (WTO) / General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik > Hubungan Internasional |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Nov 2017 07:37 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Dec 2020 11:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/6312 |
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