Agustina, Tuti (2017) Kepekaan Varietas/Galur Jagung (Zea mays L.) Terhadap Hama Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salah satu strategi pengendalian S. zeamais pada penyimpanan jagung ialah dengan merakit varietas jagung yang tahan terhadap S. zeamais. Untuk menciptakan varietas jagung tahan, diperlukan serangkaian kegiatan yang panjang, dan dimulai dari seleksi galur-galur yang mempunyai genetik yang tahan. Setiap galur memiliki sifat fisik dan kimia yang berbeda sehingga mempengaruhi perilaku S. zeamais dalam memilih pakan, peletakkan telur serta pertumbuhan dan perkembangan S. zeamais. Berdasarkan perbedaan respon yang dihasilkan oleh S. zeamais, evaluasi pada masing-masing galur jagung harus dilakukan untuk mendapatkan varietas tahan terhadap S. zeamais. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya dari bulan September 2014 sampai Juni 2015. Ada dua percobaan untuk mengevaluasi lima galur (ungu, putih ungu, putih, G10- 1 (1) JTK, G102-B2) dan varietas pioneer 21 dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: uji preferensi dan antibiosis. Uji preferensi dilakukan untuk mengetahui preferensi S. zeamais pada keenam varietas/galur jagung dalam perilaku makan dan peletakkan telur. Uji antibiotis bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan S. zeamais pada keenam varietas/galur jagung. Selain itu, indeks kepekaan dan uji korelasi juga dilakukan pada keenam varietas/galur jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara keenam varietas/galur berdasarkan jumlah imago S. zeamais yang hadir dan telur yang diletakkan oleh S. zeamais. Imago S. zeamais lebih suka makan dan meletakkan telur pada keenam varietas/galur jagung. Imago S. zeamais tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada keenam varietas/galur berdasarkan persentase mortalitas, jumlah larva, jumlah pupa, jumlah imago F1, dan persentase penurunan berat pakan. Hanya jumlah telur yang diletakkan oleh S. zeamais yang menunjukkan perbedaan antara keenam varietas/galur jagung. Berdasarkan kepekaan terhadap S. zeamais, ungu pekat dan putih dikategorikan sangat peka. Ungu putih, G10-1 (1) JTK dan Pioneer 21 dikategorikan peka dan G102-B2 dikategorikan agak tahan. Tidak ada korelasi antara sifat kimia dari keenam varietas/galur jagung terhadap indeks kepekaan. Namun, terdapat korelasi negatif antara kekerasan butiran dan indeks kepekaan pada keenam varietas/galur jagung (r=0,818; p<0,05).
English Abstract
Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. can be controlled by the resistant variety of maize. To get one resistant variety of maize, the long research activities such as the selection of strains that have genetically resistant should be done. Each resistant strain of maize produces the different response to S. zeamais. Each resistant strain influences the behavior of S. zeamais in the feeding, egg laying, growth and development. Based on the differences of response produced by S. zeamais, the evaluation of each strain of maize should be done to get the resistant varieties to S. zeamais. The research was conducted in Pest Plant Laboratory, Plant Pest and Disease Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University from September 2014 to June 2015. There were two experiments to evaluate five strains of maize (purple, purple white, white, G10-1 (1) JTK, G102-B2) and varieties of pioneer 21 in this research i.e.: preference and antibiosis tests. Preference test was conducted to determine the preferences of S. zeamais on the sixth varieties/strains in the feeding behavior and laying eggs. Antibiosis test was aimed to determine the development of S. zeamais on the sixth varieties/strains. In addition, susceptibility index of Dobie and correlation were also performed on the sixth varieties/strains of maize. The result showed that there were no differences between sixth varieties/strains based on the number of adult and eggs laid by S. zeamais. The adult of S. zeamais prefer to feed and laid eggs on the sixth varieties/strains of maize. The adult of S. zeamais showed no significant differences on the sixth varieties/strains of maize based on percentage of mortality, the number of larvae, the number of pupae, the number of F1 progeny, and percentage of weight loss. Only the number of eggs laid by S. zeamais showed differences between sixth varieties/strains. Based on the index of susceptibility to S. zeamais, Purple and White Violets were categorized as highly susceptible. White Violet, G10-1 (1) JTK and Pioneer 21 were categorized as susceptible and G102-B2 was categorized as moderately susceptible. There was no correlation between the chemical properties of the sixth varieties/strains of maize and the index of susceptibility. However, the negative correlation was resulted by the grain hardness and the index of susceptibility on the sixth varieties/strains (r=0,818; p<0,05).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/536/051710723 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Nov 2017 02:17 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Sep 2020 04:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/6159 |
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