Maynurrobi, Teguh (2017) Kajian Tekstur Dan Porositas Tanah Lapisan Atas Akibat Pengolahan Tanah Di Lahan Tertimbun Material Vulkanik Dari Erupsi Gunung Kelud. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Letusan Gunung Kelud tahun 2014 mengeluarkan material vulkanik yang terdiri dari berbagai ukuran dan tersebar di beberapa daerah. Persebaran material vulkanik dipengaruhi oleh angin sehingga material yang jatuh dipermukaan tanah memiliki ketebalan lapisan dan ukuran material yang berbeda di setiap lokasi yang terdampak letusan. Adanya material vulkanik membuat petani melakukan pengolahan dilahannya. Adanya pengolahan akan mempengaruhi sifat fisik tanah terutama tekstur tanah dan berpengaruh pula pada porositas total. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji hubungan antara tekstur tanah dengan porositas total pada perbedaan pengolahan lahan akibat dari erupsi Gunung Kelud. Penelitian dilakukan di Dusun Kutut Desa Pandansari dan Desa Sumberagung, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang dan Laboratorium Fisika Tanah, Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai pada Juni 2016 hingga Agustus 2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei dengan pembatas lahan yang diolah dan lahan yang tidak diolah akibat erupsi Gunung Kelud. Pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukan secara duplot pada 3 lapisan tanah dari permukaan tanah. Analisa tanah yang dilakukan meliputi tekstur tanah, berat isi, porositas total dan sebaran pori tanah. Hasil analisa tanah kemudian di uji statistik menggunakan analisa uji-t dan korelasi kemudian dilakukan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketebalan lapisan tanah pada lahan yang diolah dan lahan yang tidak diolah baik lapisan baru maupun lapisan lama beragam di semua lokasi, tetapi pada daerah Kutut ketebalan lapisan baru lebih tinggi daripada di daerah Sumberagung. Tekstur tanah pada lokasi didominasi oleh fraksi pasir sehingga memiliki kelas tekstur lempung berpasir. Nilai fraksi pasir untuk lahan yang tidak diolah lebih tinggi daripada lahan yang diolah, dimana nilai fraksi pasir pada lahan yang tidak diolah berkisar 70%, sedangkan lahan yang diolah fraksi pasir berkisar 66%. Hal tersebut juga berpengaruh pada porositas total, dimana untuk lahan yang diolah berkisar antara 0.45 cm3 cm3 dan lahan yang tidak diolah berkisar antara 0.49 cm3 cm3. Hubungan sebaran fraksi pasir terhadap porositas total berbanding terbalik ditunjukkan dengan nilai korelasi negaif (r = -0.85) dengan pengaruh yang sangat kuat. Peningkatan fraksi pasir menurunkan porositas total dengan pengaruh sebesar 73%. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil uji-t tekstur tanah pada lahan yang diolah dan lahan yang tidak diolah menunjukan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata begitupun antara Kutut dan Sumberagung juga didapatkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata. Porositas tanah berdasarkan hasil uji-t menunjukkan hasil tidak berbeda nyata.
English Abstract
The eruption of Mount Kelud in 2014 issued volcanic material consisting of various sizes and spread in several areas. The spread of volcanic material was influenced by wind so that the falling materials covered on soil surface has different layer thickness and material size. The existence of volcanic material in agricultural soil surfaces encouraged farmers to do soil tillage in their land. This effort suspected affect the physical properties of the soil, especially on soil texture and total porosity. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between soil textures and total porosity in difference of land treatment (soil tillage) in land covered by volcanic materials resulted from Mount Kelud eruption. The research was conducted in Kutut Hamlet of Pandansari Village, and Sumberagung Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency, as well as in. Soil Physics Laboratory, Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Implementation of the study began on Juny 2016 and finished on Agustus 2017. Survey on the volcanic materials existence or coverage characteristic and land management or tillage practices by farmers was conducted to determine the experimental plots. Eight plots were selected in both of villages in which each village was set 4 plots consist of 2 plots with soil tillage (tillaged) and 2 plots without soil tillage (un-tillaged). Soil sampling was done in duplicate on 3 layers of soil from the soil surface in each plot. Soil sample analyzes were conducted include soil texture, bulk density, total porosity and soil pore distribution. The result of soil analysis then statistically tested using t-test, correlation, and regression. The results showed that the thickness of the soil layer on the tillaged and un-tillaged soil in both new and old material volcanic deposit were varied in all locations. However, in Kutut Hamlet, the thickness of new deposite was higher compare to those in Sumberagung village. The soil texture at the site is dominated by sand fraction and have a sandy loam texture class. The value of sand fraction for un-tillage land is higher than in tillage land, with the value of sand fraction on un-tillaged land is 70%, while in the tillaged land is 66%. It also affects total porosity for tillage land ranging from 0.45 cm 3 cm 3 and un-tillage land ranges between 0.49 cm3 cm3. The relationship between sand fraction distribution and total soil porosity showed an inversely proportional trend with a significant negative value (r = -0.85). It is revealed as well that the increased of sand fraction tend to decreased total soil porosity by 73%. In addition, the tillaged and untillaged treatment could not detected a significant different value on soil texture and total porosity, either did the locations (Kutut and Sumberagung).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/575/051710762 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Sebaran Material vulkanik, Gunung Kelud, Tekstur tanah, Porositas total |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.43 Soil physics > 631.433 Soil mechanics |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Nov 2017 06:54 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2020 02:31 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/5950 |
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