Maulida Rahma, Nuril Putri (2017) Analisis Keputusan Brazil Memilih Forum Negosiasi Bilateral ad hoc untuk Menyelesaikan Sengketa Subsidi Kapas dengan Amerika Serikat tahun 2014. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji logika politik dibalik keputusan Brazil memilih forum negosiasi bilateral ad hoc dalam menyelesaikan sengketa subsidi kapas dengan Amerika Serikat tahun 2014. Dengan menggunakan teori The Choice of Institution for Trade Dispute dari Christina L. Davis (2003), penulis mencari faktor yang membentuk preferensi Brazil memilih forum tersebut. Setelah mendapatkan izin retaliasi dari DSB WTO, pada tahun 2010, Brazil yang sepakat untuk menunda retaliasi kepada AS mengancam akan melanjutkan rencana retaliasi pada tahun 2013. Hal ini karena AS menghentikan pemberian kompensasi kepada Brazil padahal AS belum mengesahkan kebijakan subsidi kapas baru sesuai kesepakatan dengan Brazil. Sedangkan penghentian pemberian kompensasi seharusnya dilakukan ketika AS sudah mengesahkan kebijakan baru. Ketika kebijakan subsidi kapas baru AS disahkan tahun 2014, Brazil berencana mengajukan gugatan kembali ke DSB WTO karena beberapa aturan subsidi baru AS tidak sesuai dengan hasil rekomendasi DSB WTO dan diprediksi menimbulkan dampak negatif yang lebih besar daripada aturan sebelumnya. Namun, sehari setelah rencana tersebut diinformasikan, Brazil justru menginformasikan ke pemerintah AS untuk menegosiasikan permasalahan subsidi kapas secara bilateral ad hoc dengan AS sebelum mengajukan gugatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keputusan Brazil dalam memilih forum negosiasi bilateral ad hoc guna menyelesaikan sengketa subsidi kapas dengan AS tahun 2014 dipengaruhi faktor karakteristik permasalahan sengketa dagang dan situasi ketika sengketa berlangsung (timing dan nature of issue), faktor pertimbangan efisiensi sumber daya ekonomi dan hukum yang dimiliki Brazil (economic and legal resource), faktor pertimbangan sensitivitas hubungan bilateral Brazil dengan AS (diplomatic concern), serta faktor perimbangan daya tekan kelompok kepentingan di Brazil dan AS (interest groups pressure between states). Namun, faktor interest groups pressure between states memberi pengaruh dengan adanya pertimbangan tambahan berupa kompleksitas rantai produksi industri kapas dan rencana retaliasi Brazil yang mengubah kontestasi daya tawar kelompok kepentingan di Brazil dan AS.
English Abstract
This research discuss about political logic of Brazil’s decision on choosing ad hoc bilateral negotiation forum in order to settle cotton dispute against United States subsidies program on 2014. Using the Choice of Institution for Trade Dispute by Christina L. Davis as theoretical framework, the researcher figures out Brazil’s preference on choosing that forum. After obtaining permission of retaliation from DSB WTO, Brazil, who agreed to postpone retaliation against US export product on 2010, threaten to continue that policy on 2013. It is because US terminate the compensation payment to Brazil, while termination of that payment should be made if US passes the new Farm Bill as agreed before. When US passes new Farm Bill on 2014, Brazil plans to file a lawsuit against US as some new rules failed to comply with DSB WTO rulings which were predicted to have a greater negative impact than the previous one. On the contrary, the day after the plan was being informed, Brazil informed the US government that they want to open the possibilities to negotiating this problem with US bilaterally before file a lawsuit. The result of the research shows that Brazil’s decision on choosing ad hoc bilateral negotiation forum to settle US Cotton Dispute are affected by the characteristic and timing when the dispute occurred, consideration of Brazil’s economic and legal resource, Brazil’s diplomatic concern toward US, and interest group pressure within Brazil and US. Nevertheless, interest group pressure’s factor influenced Brazil’s choice because it has additional consideration in the form of complexity of cotton’s production value chain which impact the industry economic contribution and Brazil’s retaliation plan that alter US interest group bargaining position.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | SKR/FIS/2017/704/051707989 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Preferensi Forum Negosiasi Brazil, Sengketa Subsidi Kapas AS, the Choice of Institution for Trade Dispute |
Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 327 International relations |
Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik > Hubungan Internasional |
Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
Date Deposited: | 06 Nov 2017 04:21 |
Last Modified: | 23 Oct 2024 01:45 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/4903 |
Text
Nuril Putri Maulida Rahma.pdf Download (2MB) |
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