Nugroho., Eko Fajar (2017) Pemanfaatan Bakteri Dari Lumpur Sidoarjo Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Bulai Pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jagung (Zea mays L.) merupakan komoditas pangan yang menduduki urutan ketiga bahan makanan pokok dunia setelah gandum dan padi. Kendala utama untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung di Indonesia disebabkan oleh penyakit bulai. Pengendalian penyakit bulai dapat dilakukan melalui pendekatan biologi menggunakan agen hayati dari golongan bakteri. Bakteri dari lumpur Sidoarjo merupakan bakteri termotoleran dan halotoleran yang berpotensi sebagai agens hayati. Penggunaan bakteri dari lumpur Sidaorjo diharapkan mampu mengendalikan penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung dan mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Maret 2017 di Agroteknopark Universitas Brawijaya. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu aplikasi Corynebacterium sp. strain L6, Vibrio sp. strain L16, Erwinia sp. strain L43, Erwinia sp. strain L54, Ocrhrobactrum intermedium strain L93, Bacillus amiloliquifaciens, Pseudomonas flourescens, Fungisida berbahan aktif dimetomorf 50% dan air sebagai kontrol. Masing masing perlakuan diaplikasikan ke tanaman jagung varietas P21 dengan cara disemprot dengan konsentrasi 1 x 109 cfu/ml. Hasil identifikasi morfologi patogen penyebab penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung adalah Peronosclerospora maydis. Semua perlakuan bakteri dari lumpur Sidoarjo tidak mampu mengendalikan penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung varietas P21 sampai dengan 34 hari setelah tanam (hst) dikarenakan kejadian penyakit tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol air. Bakteri dari lumpur Sidoarjo belum mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman jagung varietas P21 dikarenakan semua perlakuan bakteri dari lumpur Sidoarjo tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol air. Dari semua perlakuan hanya Erwinia sp. strain L43 yang mampu menghambat perkembangan penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung varietas P21 yang diindikasikan dari hasil pengamatan kandungan klorofil daun pada 27 hst. Perlakuan Erwinia sp. strain 43 mampu menghambat kehilangan kandungan klorofil daun, sehingga mengurangi kehilangan berat basah dan berat kering tanaman jagung pada 27 hst.
English Abstract
Corn (Zea mays L.) is the third of most staple food in the world after wheat and rice. The main obstacle to increasing the corn yield in Indonesia was the infection of Downy Mildew disease. The control of Downy Mildew disease can be conducted through biological approach using natural agent originated from bacteria. Bacteria isolated from Sidoarjo mud were thermotolerant as well as halotolerant bacteria that have potency as biological agent. The use of bacteria isolated from Sidoarjo mud is expected to control downy mildew disease and can increase the growth of corn plants. This study was conducted from January to March 2017 in Agrotechnopark of Brawijaya University. The experiment used Randomized Block Design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were the application of Corynebacterium sp. strain L6, Vibrio sp. strain L16, Erwinia sp. strain L43, Erwinia sp. strain L54, Ocrhrobactrum intermedium strain L93, Bacillus amiloliquifaciens, Pseudomonas flourescens, fungicide (dimethomorph 50%) and water as a control. Each treatment was applied to corn plants by spraying at 1 x 109 cfu/ml concentration. The morphological identification showed that pathogen of corn disease is Peronosclerospora maydis. All bacterial treatments isolated from Sidoarjo mud as well as other antagonistic bacteria were not able to control downy mildew disease on corn varieties P21 up to 34 days after planting, because the incidence of the disease was not significantly different with the application of water as a control. Bacteria isolated from Sidoarjo mud were not able to increase the height of corn varieties P21 because all bacterial treatment from Sidoarjo mud was not significantly different compared to that of control water. Of the treatments, only Erwinia sp. strain L43 was able to inhibit the development of downy mildew diseases on P21 varieties indicated from leaf chlorophyll content at 27 days after planting. The treatment of Erwinia sp. strain 43 was able to inhibit the loss of leaf chlorophyll content, thus reducing the loss of fresh weight and dry weight of corn plants at 27 days after treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/283/051706251 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Jagung (Zea mays L.), Bakteri, Lumpur Sidoarjo, Penyakit Bulai |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn > 633.159 Corn (Injuries, diseases, pests) > 633.159 4 Corn (Fungus diseases) > 633.159 446 Corn (Peronosporales (Downy mildew)) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Oct 2017 02:20 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jun 2022 05:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/4490 |
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