Fauzi, Muhammad Alif (2017) Filogeografi Cicak Jari Lengkung (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus) Di Jawa Dan Sumatra Berdasarkan Analisis Morfologi Dan Molekuler Gen Natrium Dehydrogenase Subunit 4 (Nd4). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sejarah geografis konstruksi Paparan Sunda menyebabkan adanya pergeseran dan fluktuasi air laut yang mengakibatkan pulau di Paparan Sunda mengalami pemisahan dan penggabungan. Aktivitas ini mempengaruhi persebaran genus Cyrtodactylus di Jawa dan Sumatra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan kekerabatan dan zoogeografi Cyrtodactylus berdasarkan analisis gen ND4 serta pengelompokan berdasarkan morfologi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi morfometri, meristik, isolasi DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction dan sekuensing. Analisis morfologi dilakukan menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dengan software PAST dan konstruksi pohon filogenetik dilakukan menggunakan tiga analisis yaitu Maximum likelihood, Maximum Parsimony dan Bayesian Inference. Hasil PCA menunjukkan kesamaan karakter morfologi C. marmoratus jantan dan betina dari Jawa dan Sumatra. Hubungan filogenetik menjelaskan bahwa Cyrtodactylus membentuk satu clade monofiletik. Pohon filogenetik membagi Cyrtodactylus dalam tiga clade yaitu clade A (Jawa Barat), clade B (Jawa Tengah), dan clade C (Sumatra dan Kalimantan). Pada clade A dan B, C. marmoratus Jawa Barat terpisah dari C. marmoratus Jawa Tengah. Nilai p-distance C. marmoratus Jawa Barat dengan Jawa Tengah (33,6%) lebih tinggi daripada C. cf marmoratus dari Sumatra Utara (31,3%). Hal ini diakibat terbentuknya pegunungan pada Jawa bagian barat yang membentuk lembah mengakibatkan terjadinya barier geografis yang memisahkan clade A dan B. Selain itu, pemisahan dan penggabungan pulau-pulau di Paparan Sunda secara vii berulang kali akan mempengaruhi diversifikasi dan variasi genetik Cyrtodactylus.
English Abstract
The geographical history of Sundaland lead a shift and fluctuation of sea water which have an effect on the separating and merging process of Sundaland. This affects the spreading of Cyrtodactylus in Java and Sumatra. The aim of of this study is to explain the relationship and zoogeography of Cyrtodactylus based on ND4 gene analysis as well as morphological analysis. Methods used in this study were morphometry, meristics, DNA isolation, Polymerase Chain Reaction and sequencing. Morphological analysis was performed using Principal Component Analysis with PAST software, and phylogenetic tree was constructed by using Maximum likelihood, Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference. The result of PCA showed that similarity characteristics morphological of male and female C. marmoratus from Java and Sumatra. The phylogenetic analysis showed that Cyrtodactylus forms a monophyletic clade. The phylogenetic analysis resulted three clades consist of clade A (West Java), clade B (Central Java), clade C (Sumatra and Kalimantan). Clade A and B consists C. marmoratus of West Java separated from C. marmoratus of Central Java. The p-distance value of C. marmoratus from West Java with Central Java (33.6%) was higher than C. cf marmoratus of North Sumatra (31.3%). This was probably the result of the mountain formation in west Java that have valleys, and resulting the occurrence of geographical barriers that separated clades A and B. In addition, the separation and incorporation of viii islands in Sunda exposure will repeatedly affect the diversification and genetic variation of Cyrtodactylus.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FMIPA/2017/321/051709661 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Cyrtodactylus, filogenetik, Paparan Sunda |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 571 Physiology and related subjects |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam > Biologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Oct 2017 06:38 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Nov 2021 07:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/4287 |
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