Firdaus, Mochammad Rizqi (2017) Upaya Peningkatan Ketersediaan Ca, Mg dan S Serta Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Dengan Aplikasi Kompos Pada Tanah Terdampak Erupsi Gunung Kelud. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Erupsi gunung Kelud pada 13 Februari 2014 menimbulkan kerusakan lahan pertanian masyarakat sekitarnya. Material vulkanik gunung Kelud menutupi permukaan lahan pertanian dan merubah karakteristik tanah. Material vulkanik gunung Kelud berstruktur tunggal dan kasar dengan fraksi pasir yang lebih dominan. Unsur hara makro sekunder Ca, Mg dan S mudah tercuci pada tanah berpasir sehingga ketersediaan unsur-unsur tersebut rendah. Aplikasi kompos diharapkan mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan hara serta pertumbuhan tanaman jagung pada tanah terdampak erupsi gunung Kelud. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi kombinasi pupuk urea dan kompos terhadap ketersediaan unsur Ca, Mg dan SO42- pada tanah terdampak erupsi gunung Kelud, (2) mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi kombinasi pupuk urea dan kompos terhadap serapan hara Ca, Mg, S dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung pada tanah terdampak erupsi gunung Kelud. Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya pada April hingga Desember 2016. Contoh tanah diambil dari desa Trisulo, Kecamatan Plosoklaten, Kabupaten Kediri yang berjarak 8 km dari puncak gunung Kelud. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari A1 (100% urea), A2 (100% kompos kotoran ayam), A3 (100% kompos kotoran sapi), A4 (50% urea + 50% kompos kotoran ayam) dan A5 (50% urea + 50% kompos kotoran sapi). Variabel pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, SO42- tanah serta serapan Ca, Mg dan S tanaman jagung. Hasil penelitian diuji dengan ANOVA dan selanjutnya diuji dengan DMRT dan Korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi kompos tidak meningkatkan ketersediaan Ca dibandingkan aplikasi urea. Aplikasi 100% kompos kotoran ayam (12,26 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran ayam) setara dengan 132,5 kg N ha-1 secara signifikan meningkatkan ketersediaan Mg dan SO42- dengan peningkatan masing-masing 150% dan 884% dibandingkan aplikasi urea pada tanah terdampak erupsi gunung Kelud. Aplikasi 100% kompos kotoran ayam (12,26 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran ayam) secara signifikan meningkatkan kadar dan serapan Ca, Mg dan S tanaman jagung dibandingkan aplikasi urea. Kadar Ca, Mg dan S tanaman jagung masing-masing meningkat 29,05%, 153,10% dan 17,20%. Serapan Ca, Mg dan S tanaman jagung masing-masing meningkat 30,34%, 241,66% dan 48,83%. Aplikasi kombinasi 50% urea (144 kg ha-1 urea) dan 50% kompos kotoran ayam (6,13 ton ha-1 kompos kotoran ayam) meningkatkan jumlah daun tanaman jagung.
English Abstract
Mount Kelud eruption on February 13, 2014 was affected to surrounding agricultural land. Kelud volcanic material covered the surface of agricultural soil and change the soil properties. Kelud volcanic material as a single structure and coarse with dominant sand fraction. That condition cause secondary macronutrients Ca, Mg and S have high leaching potential on sandy soils. Therefore, Ca, Mg and S availability and uptake of maize plants was low. Compost application is expected to increase the growth of maize and improving soil fertility of soil affected by eruption material of Mount Kelud. Purpose of research is (1) applications combination of urea fertilizer and compost increase the availability of Ca, Mg and SO42- elements on soil affected by the eruption material of Mount Kelud, (2) applications combination of urea fertilizer and compost increase the uptake of Ca, Mg, S and the growth of maize on soil affected by the eruption material of Mount Kelud. The research implemented at glasshouse of Agriculture Faculty, University of Brawijaya in April until December 2016. The soil samples were taken from the Trisulo village, Plosoklaten district, Kediri regency that is 8 km from the crater of Mount Kelud. This study using Complete Random Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 3 replication. The treatment consisted of A1 (100% urea), A2 (100% composted chicken manure), A3 (100% composted cow manure), A4 (50% urea + 50% composted chicken manure) and A5 (50% urea + 50% composted cow manure). Variables of the observation include plant height, number of leaves, dry weight biomass, soil Ca-dd, soil Mg-dd, soil SO42-, uptake of Ca, Mg and S Maize. Data research determined by ANOVA test, according to a comparison of mean by DMRT and correlation between variables. The results showed that application of compost did not increase Ca availability compared to urea application. The application of 100% composted chicken manure (12.26 tons ha-1 composted chicken manure) equivalent to 132.5 kg N ha-1 significantly increased the availability of Mg and SO42- by 150% and 884% respectively compared to urea application on soil affected by eruption material of Mount Kelud. The application of 100% composted chicken manure (12.26 tons ha-1 composted chicken manure) significantly increased Ca, Mg and S concentration and uptake of maize compared to urea applications. Maize concretations of Ca, Mg and S increased by 29.05%, 153.10% and 17.20% respectively. Maize uptake of Ca, Mg and S increased by 30.34%, 241.66% and 48.83% respectively. The combined application of 50% urea (144 kg ha-1 urea) and 50% composted chicken manure (6.13 tons ha-1 composted chicken manure) increased number of leaves of maize.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/213/051704346 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L), Ca, Mg, S, |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.42 Soil fertility, acidity, alkalinity |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2017 01:39 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jul 2022 03:54 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/4127 |
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