Aisah, Cahya Nur (2017) Pengujian Konsorsium Bakteri Antagonis Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Cacar Daun Pada Tanaman Teh Yang Disebabkan Oleh Exobasidium vexans DI PTPN XII Kebun Teh Wonosari Lawang Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Teh Camellia sinensis (Linnaeus) O Kuntze merupakan tanaman perkebunan asal Cina yang memiliki potensi dan prospek ekonomi yang masih luas dalam sektor perkebunan. Produksi tanaman teh mengalami penurunan, salah satunya disebabkan oleh penyakit penting Exobasidium vexans. Saat ini pengendalian penyakit banyak menggunakan pestisida kimia yang dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Penggunaan bakteri antagonis sebagai pengendali hayati hingga saat ini masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, pengendalian terpadu untuk penyakit cacar daun pada tanaman teh perlu dikaji lebih lanjut sebagai alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan dan mendukung pengelolaan hama terpadu. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui gejala dan tingkat serangan cacar daun tanaman teh di lahan, mengkaji pengaruh aplikasi bakteri antagonis dalam menghambat perkembangan penyakit cacar daun, serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman teh. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Maret 2017 di Afdelling Gebuk Lor PT. Perkebunan XII Kebun Teh Wonosari Lawang Malang dengan ketinggian 950-1.250 mdpl. Jenis tanaman teh adalah klon TRI 2024 yang rentan terhadap penyakit cacar dengan umur pangkas 2 tahun. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengamatan gejala penyakit di lapang dan uji penekanan penyakit cacar daun teh di lapang. Rancangan yang dilakukan adalah dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 9 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan di lapang cacar daun disebabkan oleh Exobasidium vexans. Gejala serangan dapat terjadi pada beberapa bagian tanaman termasuk daun dan tangkai. Aplikasi bakteri antagonis Bacillus subtilis + Pseudomonas fluorescens + Corynebacterium sp.) di lapang mampu menekan penyakit cacar daun secara signifikan 75,1%. Pengamatan aspek agronomis menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi perlakuan Bacillus subtilis + Pseudomonas fluorescens + Corynebacterium sp.) dapat meningkatkan bobot basah sebesar 393,7 gram/plot. Peningkatan bobot basah juga diiringi dengan peningkatan jumlah pucuk peko dan pucuk burung. Tetapi rasio jumlah pucuk peko dengan pucuk burung semua perlakuan memiliki nilai di bawah normal standar yaitu 2,33. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi bakteri antagonis mampu meningkatkan kesehatan tanaman dalam menghadapi serangan cacar daun dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman teh.
English Abstract
Camellia sinensis (Linnaeus) O Kuntze is a tea plant originated from China with a high economical potential and prospect in plantation sector. Tea production in Indonesia has been experiencing a decreasing. One of the significant causes of that is the blister blight disease. Currently, the control of this disease uses numerous chemical fungicides which caused negative effects on the environment. Meanwhile, the application of antagonistic bacteria as a biological control agent, a more environmentally friendly method, is still limited. Therefore, an alternative method to control the blister blight disease on tea needs to be studied in order to support an integrated management of blister blight disease of tea plant. This study aims to determine the symptoms and the incident level of blister blight disease on tea plants in the field and to examine the effects of antagonistic bacteria application in consortium on inhibiting the disease and on the growth and production of tea. This study was conducted on January-March 2017 at the tea plantation of Afdelling Gebuk Lor PTPN XII Wonosari Lawang Malang with the elevation of 950- 1.250 meters above sea level. The type of tea plant used was TRI 2024 clone which is susceptible to blister blight with a prunning age of two years. In this study, the experiment included observation of symptoms on the field and tests in suppresssing the blister blight disease. The tests were conducted with a randomized block design comprised of nine treatments and three replications. The observation on the field showed that the blister blight disease was caused by Exobasidium vexans. The attack was observed to affect several areas including the leaves and stems. Moreover, the application of antagonistic bacteria was able to suppress the blister blight significantly at 75,1 %. When analyzing the agronomic aspect, the results showed that the application of antagonistic bacteria in the treatment of Bacillus subtilis + Pseudomonas fluorescens + Corynebacterium sp.) increased the wet mass of tea tip leaves to 393.7 gram/plot. Simultaneously, the number of peko sprouts and bird sprouts were shown to increase. However, the ratio of peko sprout to bird sprout in all of the treatmens scored under the normal standard of 2.33. Therefore, it was concluded that the application of antagonistic bacteria could increase the tea plant’s health and growth when attacked by blister blight disease.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/210/051704282 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Teh Camellia sinensis (Linnaeus), Bakteri Antagonis, Penyakit Cacar Daun, Exobasidium vexans |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.9 General topics of pest and disease control |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Yusuf Dwi N. |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Oct 2017 07:41 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Sep 2020 07:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/4106 |
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