Wulandari, May Ayu (2017) Uji Toksisitas Subkronis Serbuk, Ekstrak Air, dan Ekstrak Pekat Suplemen Kalsium Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Pada Fungsi Hepar dan Ginjal Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Daun kelor memiliki banyak potensi seperti tinggi antioksidan, tinggi kandungan vitamin C, β-karoten, mineral terutama zat besi dan kalsium, tetapi keamanan dalam konsumsi daun kelor juga perlu diperhatikan. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) mengandung oksalat sebesar 218 mg/100 gr bahan sehingga jika konsumsi daun kelor berlebihan dapat menyebabkan toksik karena asam oksalat dan kristal kalsium oksalat yang ikut terkonsumsi menyebabkan aberasi mekanik saluran pencernaan dan tubulus yang halus di dalam ginjal, mengikat kalsium yang penting untuk fungsi saraf dan serat-serat otot serta dapat menggores dan merusak sel hepar karena sifatnya yang larut dalam darah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui spektrum ketoksikan oksalat pada sediaan suplemen serbuk, filtrat cair, ekstrak pekat dosis 1 dan ekstrak pekat dosis 2 daun kelor terhadap kadar enzim alkaline phosphatase (ALP) dalam serum, histopatologi hepar dan histopatologi ginjal. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan sehingga dibutuhkan sampel sebanyak 20 ekor tikus. 5 perlakuan tersebut yaitu kontrol negative (P0) dengan pemberian diet normal+akuades 2 ml (tanpa suplemen daun kelor), perlakuan 1 (P1) pemberian diet normal + serbuk daun kelor 3,4 gram, perlakuan 2 (P2) pemberian diet normal + filtrat cair daun kelor 5,6 ml, perlakuan 3 (P3) pemberian diet normal + ekstrak pekat daun kelor dosis 1 4,1 ml, dan perlakuan 4 (P4) pemberian diet normal + ekstrak pekat daun kelor dosis 2 8,2 ml. Data kadar alkali fosfatase dianalisa statistic menggunakan Kruskal Wallis sedangkan data histologi hepar dianalisa secara deskriptif. Diperoleh hasil bahwa perlakuan perbedaan bentuk sediaan suplemen daun kelor tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar alkali fosfatase serum darah tikus wistar. Kadar alkali fosfatase masing-masing kelompok adalah sebagai berikut : kelompok serbuk 173,75 U/L, ekstrak air 140,5 U/L, ekstrak pekat dosis 1 187,5 U/L, dan ekstrak pekat dosis 2 178,25 U/L,. Kadar alkali fosfatase dari semua kelompok berada pada kisaran normal. Histologi hepar menunjukkan kerusakan yaitu degenerasi parenkimatosa pada kelompok serbuk, dan terjadi degenerasi parenkimatosa, hidropik, dan kolestasis pada kelompok ekstrak pekat dosis 1 dan dosis 2. Histologi ginjal menunjukkan jaringan sel normal pada semua kelompok.
English Abstract
Drumstick leaves are potential sources of antioxidants, vitamin C, β- carotene, minerals especially iron and calcium. However, the safety aspect of drumstick leaves consumption also needs to be considered. Drumstick leaves (Moringa oleifera) contain oxalic acid of 218 mg / 100 g on fresh wet basis. Therefore, consumption of drumstick leaves in excessive amount can be harmful. Oxalic acid and crystals of calcium oxalate salt consumed trigger mechanical aberration of gastrointestinal tract and smooth tubules of the kidney. Oxalate can bind calcium which is important for nerve function and muscle fibers. Additionally, this compound can scratch and damage hepatic cells due to its blood-soluble nature. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity spectrum of oxalic acid in the preparation of drumstick supplement in the form of powder, water extract and concentrateby means of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) serum concentration, liver and kidney histopathology in Wistar rats The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Design consisted of 5 groups of treatmentsdiffering in the form of drumstick leaves supplement given to the rats namely powder, water extract and concentrate. A group of rats with no drumstick leaves supplement given was used as a negative control. Additionally, the drumstick leaves concentrate was given in two levels of doses (dose 1 and dose 2). Therefore, the 5 groups are as follows: (P0) fed with normal diet + 2 ml aquades (with no drumstick leaves supplement), (P1) fed with normal diet + 3,4 grams of drumstick leaf powder, (P2) fed with normal diet + 5,6 ml drumstick leaves water extract, (P3) fed with normal diet + 4,1 ml concentrate of drumstick leaves (dose 1), (P4) fed with normal diet + 8,2 ml concentrate of drumstick leaves (dose 2).All groups were treated for 64 days to induce sub chronic toxicity. . The results showed that differences in the form of drumstick leaves supplement given to the rats had no significant effect on serum alkali phosphatase concentration . The serum alkali phosphatase level of rats given powder, water extract, concentrate dose 1 and concentrate dose 2 were 173,75 U / L, 140,5 U / L, 187,5 U / L, and 178,25 U / L respectively. Serum alkali phosphatase levels of all groups are within the normal range. Histological observation of the liver indicated mild damage, called parenchymatous degeneration in the powder group, whereas parenchymatous, hydrophic, and cholestatic degeneration occurred in bothdose 1 and dose 2 of the concentrate group. Kidney histology showed normal tissue in all groups.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2017/563/051710020 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Daun Kelor, Ginjal, Hepar, Toksisitas Subkronis |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Oct 2017 02:14 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Jan 2022 03:42 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/3888 |
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