Setiawan, Arda (2017) Optimasi Formulasi Konsentrat Pakan Ternak Ruminansia Dari Limbah Agroindustri. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Peningkatan populasi ternak kambing dimulai tahun 2005 sekitar 629 ribu atau 5% dari pertumbuhannya. Sedangkan populasi kambing tahun 2014 mencapai 19.216.000 ekor menunjukan peningkatan dari tahun 2012 dan 2013 hanya mencapai 17.906.000 dan 18.500.000 ekor. Peningkatan populasi kambing mengakibatkan konsumsi pakan kambing ikut meningkat. Oleh sebab itu diperluhkan kualitas pakan yang baik dengan harga semurah mungkin tetapi kandungan nutrisinya memenuhi kebutuhan kambing. Misalnya memanfaakan limbah agroindustri yang berpotensi sebagai pakan ternak antara lain ampas bir, bungkil sawit, bekatul, limbah roti, kulit kopi, kulit kacang, ari coklat dan tetes. Sedangakan bahan tambahan yaitu garam, Suplemen Organik Cair (SOC), dan mineral. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan formulasi pakan sesuai kebutuhan kambing, mengetahui tambahan bobot badan kambing setelah diberi pakan konsentrat, mengetahui Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP) konsentrat dan kelayakan finansial meliputi Break Even Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate or Return (IRR) dan Payback Period (PP). Metode penelitian ini yaitu proses perhitungan linier programming untuk menentukan formulasi dari setiap bahan dan meminimumkan biaya. Pada Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) menggunakan 3 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok sebagai ulangan (3x4) sehingga diperoleh 12 satuan percobaan. Perlakuan 1 merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan komposisi 39,3% ampas bir; 23% bungkil sawit; 10% bekatul; 11,3% limbah roti; 11,5% kulit kopi; 0,5% kulit kacang; 4% tetes; 0,5% kulit ari; 0,3% garam; 0,04% SOC; dan 0,3% mineral. Perlakuan terbaik dipilih berdasarkan kebutuhan nutrisi sesuai literatur dan biaya minimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perlakuan 1 mengandung bahan kering 87,67%; protein 15,59%; serat kasar 17,41%; lemak kasar 13,16%; fosfor 0,42%; dan kalsium 0,755%. Ampas bir dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan lain agar lebih murah dan meningkatkan nilai protein. Pertambahan bobot badan kambing tertinggi setelah diberi pakan konsentrat sebesar 55,08 g/ekor/hari. Nilai konversi pakan tebaik yaitu sebesar 9,2. Hasil perhitungan yang paling ekonomis yaitu perlakuan 1 dengan HPP sebesar Rp. 1.615. Nilai BEP unit sebesar 1.439, dan BEP rupiah sebesar Rp. 2.872.665.754 dengan periode pengembalian modal 1 tahun 7 bulan. Nilai NPV 18% sebesar Rp. 275.994.392 dan NPV 19% 261.766.600, sedangakan perhitungan IRR sebesar 37,398%.
English Abstract
The increase in goat livestock population began in 2005 around 629 thousand or 5% of its growth. While the population in 2014 reached 19,216,000 goats, showed an increase from 2012 and 2013 only reached 17.906.000 and 18.500.000. The increase of goat population resulted in increased goat feed consumption. Therefore, the quality of good feed at the cheapest possible price but the nutritional content to meet the needs of goats. For example, utilizing agroindustry waste that has potential as animal feed such as beer dregs, palm cake, bran, bread waste, coffee skin, peanut shell, chocolate’s husk and molasses. While the additional ingredients are salt, Liquid Organic Supplements (SOC), and minerals. The purpose of this research is to get feed formulation according to goat requirement, to know additional weight of goat body after given concentrate feed, to know cost of production of concentrate and financial feasibility including Break Even Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate or Return (IRR) and Payback Period (PP). This research method is linear programming calculation process to determine the formulation of each material and minimize cost. In Randomized Block Design using 3 treatments and 4 groups as replicates (3x4) to obtain 12 units of experiments. Treatment 1 was the best treatment with a composition of 39.3% beer waste; 23% palm cake; 10% of bran; 11.3% of bread waste; 11.5% coffee peel; 0.5% peanut shell; 4% molasses; 0.5% husk; 0.3% salt; 0.04% SOC; And 0.3% minerals. The best treatments are selected based on nutritional needs according to literature and minimum cost. The results showed that the treatment 1 contained dry matter 87.67%; 15.59% Protein; 17.41% Crude fiber; 13.16% Crude fat; 0.42% phosphorus; And 0.755% calcium. Beer waste can be used instead of other ingredients to be cheaper and increase the value of protein. The highest goat weight gain after feed concentrate was 55,08 g / goat / day. The conversion value of the best feed is 9.2. The most economical calculation result is treatment 1 with HPP is Rp. 1.615. BEP unit value is 1,439, and rupiah’s BEP is Rp. 2,872,665,754 with a payback period in 1 year and 7 months. NPV value of 18% is Rp. 275.994.392 and NPV value of 19% is Rp.261.766.600, while the calculation of IRR is 37.398%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2017/439/051709286 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | konsumsi pakan, konversi, limbah agroindustri, pakan ternak, |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Oct 2017 09:53 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Dec 2020 04:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/3737 |
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