Anggraen, Anindita Putri Puspita and oProf. Dr. Ir. BudioSetiawan, M.S., and Dr. Rachman Hartono, SP., MP (2025) Peningkatan Konsumsi Daging Nabati Dengan Karakteristik Adopsi Inovasi. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pola makan sehat dan berkelanjutan memiliki peranOpenting dalam mengatasiHtantanganUglobal, seperti perubahan iklim, ketahanan pangan, dan kesehatanUmasyarakat. Konsumsi daging yang berlebihan berdampak buruk pada lingkungan, seperti deforestasi untuk pembukaan lahan, degradasi keanekaragaman hayati, tingginya emisi gas rumah kaca, dan peningkatan kebutuhan air yang signifikan untuk produksi pakan ternak. Selain itu, dampak kesehatan dari pola konsumsi ini, termasuk obesitas, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan diabetes, menjadi masalah yang tidak bisa diabaikan. Sebagai solusi meatball nabati, patty nabati, sosis nabati, dan tuna nabati menawarkan sumber protein yang ramah lingkungan, hemat sumber daya, dan sehat bagi tubuh. Produksi protein nabati, misalnya, membutuhkan lebih sedikit lahan, air, dan energi dibandingkan dengan produksi protein hewani, sekaligus menghasilkanIemisiugas rumah kaca yang jauhulebihjrendah. Mahasiswa sebagai agen perubahan memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung transisi menuju pola makan berkelanjutan, mengingat kesadaran mereka yang tinggi terhadap isu-isu lingkungan dan kesehatan, serta kemampuannya dalam memengaruhi tren sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami preferensi mahasiswa terhadap protein alternatif dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi niat konsumsi mereka, sehingga dapat memberikanopanduan bagiupengembanganhstrategi promosi dan kebijakan yang lebih relevan untuk mendukung keberlanjutan pangan diuIndonesia. Penelitian inihbertujuanjuntukgmenganalisis pengaruh karakteristik-adopsi inovasi terhadap-niat konsumsi mahasiswa terhadap meatball nabati, patty nabati, sosis nabati, dan tuna nabati. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengeksplorasi bagaimana kepedulian lingkungan dapat memoderasi hubungan antara karakteristik adopsi inovasi dengan niat konsumsi. Faktor sosial demografi, seperti jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, dan kondisi sosial ekonomi mahasiswa, turut dianalisis untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap hubungan tersebut. Akhirnya, penelitian ini berupaya merumuskan strategi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan konsumsi protein alternatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Brawijaya, menggunakan metode purposive sampling karena populasi mahasiswa yang beragam dari berbagai latar belakang dinilai representatif untuk mengkaji adopsi inovasi meatball nabati, patty nabati, sosis nabati, dan tuna nabati. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada 28 Oktober – 11 November 2024 menggunakan kuesioner online melalui email resmi mahasiswa, all@student.ub.ac.id, yang memanfaatkan Google Forms untuk memudahkan distribusi dan pengolahan data. Sampel ditentukan berdasarkan tabel Krejcie dan Morgan dengan jumlah 382 mahasiswa dari total populasi aktif 63.841 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen untuk mengevaluasi0pengaruhovariabelhbebas terhadap variabel terikat.Respondenhpenelitianoini adalah-mahasiswa aktif Universitas Brawijaya tahun ajaran 2024/2025, dengan total 385 orang. Sebanyak 353 responden menyatakan pernah atau tertarik mencoba protein alternatif, sementara 32 responden belum tertarik. Data dikumpulkan selama dua minggu, dari 28 Oktober hingga 11 November 2024, menggunakan kuesioner online yang disebarkan melalui email resmi mahasiswa. Karakteristik responden meliputi jenis kelamin, domisili, jenjang pendidikan, fakultas, dan golongan Uang Kuliah Tunggal (UKT), yang mencerminkan populasi target penelitian. Mayoritas responden adalah perempuan (58,9%) dan tinggal di perkotaan (68,6%), dengan jenjang pendidikan S1/D4 (81%). Fakultas pertanian mencatat jumlah responden terbanyak (12,2%), sedangkan golongan UKT 6 mendominasi dengan 40,6% responden. Berdasarkan analisis statistik deskriptif, Meatball Nabati menunjukkan nilai rata-rata tertinggi pada berbagai variabel. Pada variabel kompatibilitas, nilai tertinggi ada pada indikator Ketertarikan (3,94) dan Keamanan (3,81), sementara indikator Kesesuaian memiliki nilai rata-rata tertinggi pada Sosis Nabati (3,19). Pada variabel manfaat, indikator Ramah Lingkungan memiliki rata-rata tertinggi pada Meatball Nabati dan Tuna Nabati (3,84), sedangkan Ketahanan Pangan unggul pada Meatball Nabati (3,28). Pada variabel niat konsumsi, indikator Minat terhadap Kesehatan memiliki nilai tertinggi pada Meatball Nabati (3,88), sementara Minat terhadap Lingkungan mencapai 3,75. Tuna Nabati secara konsisten mencatat nilai rata-rata terendah di berbagai indikator, dengan Kesediaan Mencoba hanya mencapai 3,78. Analisis ini memberikan gambaran tentang preferensi mahasiswa terhadap protein alternatif, di mana Meatball Nabati menjadi produk yang paling menarik berdasarkan berbagai indikator. Berdasarkan analisis data, Meatball Nabati menunjukkan validitas konvergen yang baik dengan loading factor sebagian besar indikator signifikan (>0.5), meski ada beberapa nilai mendekati batas minimal, seperti Y 1.1 (0.494) dan Y 2.1 (0.468). Patty Nabati memiliki loading factor lebih tinggi secara keseluruhan, dengan indikator X 1.1 hingga X 1.4 di atas 0.64, menunjukkan validitas yang lebih kuat. Sosis Nabati juga menunjukkan hasil cukup baik, meski beberapa indikator memiliki nilai sedikit lebih rendah. Validitas diskriminan terbaik terdapat pada Patty Nabati dan Tuna Nabati, dengan Patty Nabati memiliki square root AVE tertinggi (0,916 pada Y 1). Tuna Nabati juga menunjukkan konsistensi tinggi, dengan square root AVE pada X 1 (0,841) dan Y 1 (0,914). Berdasarkan reliabilitas, Tuna Nabati unggul dengan nilai Composite Reliability tertinggi pada variabel X 1 (0,906) dan Cronbach’s Alpha yang tinggi pada Y 1 (0,901). Patty Nabati dan Meatball Nabati juga menunjukkan hasil reliabilitas yang sangat baik. Dalam hal prediktabilitas, Patty Nabati memiliki nilai Q-Squared tertinggi (0,639), diikuti Sosis Nabati (0,631) dan Tuna Nabati (0,616). Meatball Nabati menunjukkan pengaruh paling besar pada variabel Y 2 dengan nilai f² sebesar 0,839, mengindikasikan kontribusi signifikan dibandingkan produk lainnya. Sosis Nabati memiliki kinerja terbaik dalam Goodness of Fit Model (GoF) dengan Tenenhaus GoF tertinggi (0,838), diikuti Tuna Nabati (0,807) dan Patty Nabati (0,802). Secara keseluruhan, Sosis Nabati menunjukkan performa model terbaik dalam prediksi dan kelayakan statistik.
English Abstract
Healthy and sustainable diets play an importantprole in addressing-global challenges0such as climatekchange, foodhsecurityfand public health. Excessive meat consumption has adverse environmental impacts, such as deforestation for land clearing, biodiversity degradation, high greenhouse gas emissions, and a significantjincreasepin water demandoforaanimalffeed production. In addition, the health impacts of this consumption pattern, including obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, are issues that cannot be ignored. As a solution, alternative proteins, such as plant-based proteins, offer a source of nutrition that is environmentally friendly, resource-efficient and healthy for the body. Plant-based protein production, for example, requires less land, water and energy compared to animal protein production, while producing much lower greenhouse gas emissions. Students as agents of change have0a strategic role8to7play in supporting the transition towards sustainable-diets, given their high awareness ofeenvironmental andphealth issues, asewelluas their ability to influence social trends. This study aims to understand college students' preferences for alternative proteins and analyze the factors that influence their consumption intentions, sooas-topprovide guidanceefor thehdevelopment of more relevant promotional strategies and policies to support food sustainability in Indonesia. Thisostudyoaimsetoaanalyze thepinfluencemof innovation adoption characteristics on college students'oconsumption intention towards plant-based meatball,pplant based patty,pplant-based sausage,pplant-based tuna. In addition, this study also explores how environmental concerns can moderate the relationship between innovation adoption characteristics and consumption intentions. Socio-demographic factors, such as gender, residence, and socioeconomic conditions of students, were also analyzed to see their influence on the relationship. Finally, this study seeks to formulate effective strategies to increase alternative protein consumption. The study was conducted at Brawijaya University, using a purposive sampling method as the diverse student population from various backgrounds was considered representative to examine the adoption of plantbased meatball,pplant based patty,pplant-based sausage,pplant-based tuna. Data collection was conducted from October 28 - November 11, 2024 using an online questionnaire via official student email, all@student.ub.ac.id, which utilized Google Forms to facilitate data distribution and processing. Thepsamplepwas determined based on the KrejciepandpMorganptablepwith a total of 382 students from a total active population of 63,841 people. This study used an experimental design to evaluate the effectpof independentpvariablesponpthepdependentpvariable. The respondents of this study were active studentspof Brawijaya University inpthepacademicpyear 2024/2025, with aptotal of 385 people. A total of 353 respondents stated that they had tried or were interested in trying alternative proteins, while 32 respondents were not interested. Data was collected over two weeks, from October 28 to November 11, 2024, using an online questionnaire distributed through official student email. Respondent characteristics included gender, domicile, education level, faculty, and Single Tuition Fee (UKT) class,vi reflecting the target population. The majority of respondents were female (58,9%)and lived in urban areas (68.6%), with an S1/D4 education level (81%). Faculty of agriculture recorded the highest number of respondents (12.2%), while UKT group 6 dominated with 40.6% of respondents. Based on descriptive statistical analysis, plant-based meatball shows the highest average value on various variables. In the compatibility variable, the highest values are in the Attractiveness (3.94) and Safety (3.81) indicators, while the Conformity indicator has the highest average value on Vegetable Sausage (3.19). In the benefits variable, the Environmentally Friendly indicator has the highest average in plant-based meatball and plant-based tuna (3.84), while Food Security excels in plant-based meatball (3.28). In the consumption intention variable, the Interest in Health indicator has the highest value in plant-based meatball (3.88), while Interest in the environment reaches 3.75. Plant-based Tuna consistently recorded the lowest mean scores across various indicators, with willingness to try only reaching 3.78. This analysis provides an overview of students' preferences for alternative proteins, with plant-based meatball being the most attractive product based on various indicators. Based on data analysis, plant-based meatball shows good convergent validity with loading factors of most indicators significant (>0.5), although there are some values close to the minimum limit, such as Y1.1(0.494) and Y2.1 (0.468). Plantbased patty has a higher loading factor overall, with indicators X1.1 to X1.4 above 0.64, indicating stronger validity. Plant-based sausages also showed quite good results, although some indicators had slightly lower values. The best discriminant validity is found in plant-based patty and plant-based tuna, with plant-based patty having the highest square root AVE (0.916 on Y1). Plant-based tuna also showed high consistency, with square root AVE on X1 (0.841) and Y1 (0.914). Based on reliability, plant-based tuna excels with the highest composite reliability value on variable X1 (0.906) and high cronbach's alpha on Y1 (0.901). Plant-based patty and plant-based meatball also show excellent reliability results. In terms of predictability, plant-based patty has the highest q-squared value (0.639), followed by plant-based sausage (0.631) and plant-based tuna (0.616). Plant-based meatball shows the greatest influence on variable Y2 with an f² value of 0.839, indicating a significant contribution compared to other products. Plant-based sausage has the best performance in Goodness of Fit Model (GoF) with the highest Tenenhaus GoF (0.838), followed by plant-based tuna (0.807) and plant-based patty (0.802). Overall, So Plant-Based
Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
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Identification Number: | 0425040008 |
Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian |
Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
Date Deposited: | 06 Mar 2025 03:03 |
Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2025 03:03 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/237168 |
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