Aktivitas Antagonisme Kapang Endofit Terhadap Kapang Patogen Cercospora Coffeicola Penyebab Penyakit Bintik Mata Cokelat Daun Tanaman Kopi Secara In Vitro

Asparita, Yulia Dwi and Prof. Dr. Drs. Suharjono, M.S and Luqman Qurata Aini, SP., MP., Ph.D (2024) Aktivitas Antagonisme Kapang Endofit Terhadap Kapang Patogen Cercospora Coffeicola Penyebab Penyakit Bintik Mata Cokelat Daun Tanaman Kopi Secara In Vitro. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kopi merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan berperan sebagai sumber devisa negara. Produktivitas kopi mengalami penurunan yang disebabkan oleh kapang patogen bintik mata cokelat daun tanaman kopi. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi pertumbuhan kapang patogen bintik mata cokelat daun tanaman kopi adalah memanfaatkan kapang endofit sebagai agen hayati antagonisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kapang patogen bintik mata cokelat daun tanaman kopi dan kapang endofit antagonisnya serta mengevaluasi mekanisme antagonismenya. Kapang patogen diisolasi dari daun tanaman kopi yang terinfeksi penyakit bintik mata cokelat dan kapang endofit diisolasi dari daun tanaman kopi yang sehat diperoleh dari Perkebunan Kopi Desa Taji, Kecamatan Jabung, Kabupaten Malang. Masing-masing kapang dimurnikan menggunakan metode monospora. Isolat kapang patogen diseleksi berdasarkan uji patogenisitasnya. Isolat kapang endofit diuji sifat antagonisnya terhadap isolat utama kapang patogen bintik mata cokelat daun. Kapang endofit yang memiliki potensi tertinggi menghambat pertumbuhan kapang patogen bintik mata cokelat daun kopi diidentifikasi berdasarkan similaritas sekuen 18S rDNA. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa kapang patogen bintik mata cokelat daun tanaman kopi adalah Mycosphaerella coffeicola-PF2 dengan similaritas 100%, sedangkan kapang endofit antagonisnya adalah Colletotrichum sp.-EF1 dengan similaritas 99,94%. Colletotrichum sp. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan kapang patogen sebesar 92,33%. Mekanisme antagonisme yang terjadi antara kapang endofit dan kapang patogen melalui kompetisi dan mikoparasit. Hasil tersebut membuka peluang pengembangan biopestisida kapang endofit Colletotrichum sp. untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan kapang patogen Mycosphaerella coffeicola penyebab penyakit bintik mata cokelat pada daun tanaman kopi

English Abstract

Coffee is a plantation commodity that has high economic value and acts as a source of foreign exchange for the country. Coffee productivity has decreased due to the brown eyespot pathogen of coffee plant leaves. One alternative to overcome the growth of brown eyespot pathogenic fungi on coffee plant leaves is to use endophytic fungi as an antagonistic biological agent. This study aims to identify the brown eyespot pathogenic fungus on coffee plant leaves and its antagonistic endophytic fungi and evaluate the mechanism of their antagonism. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from coffee plant leaves infected with brown eyespot disease and endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy coffee plant leaves obtained from the Taji Village Coffee Plantation, Jabung District, Malang Regency. Each fungus was purified using the monospore method. Pathogenic fungi isolates were selected based on the pathogenicity test. Endophytic fungal isolates were tested for their antagonistic properties against the main isolate of the brown eye spot leaf pathogen fungus. The endophytic fungi that have the highest potential to inhibit the growth of the coffee leaf brown eyespot pathogen were identified based on the similarity of the 18S rDNA sequence. The identification results show that the pathogenic fungus of coffee plant leaf spots is Mycosphaerella coffeicola-PF2 with a similarity of 100%, while the antagonistic endophytic fungus is Colletotrichum sp.-EF1 with a similarity of 99,94%. Colletotrichum sp. was able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi by 92.33%. The mechanism of antagonism that occurs between endophytic fungi and pathogenic fungi is through competition and mycoparasites. These results open up the opportunity to develop a biopesticide for the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. to control the growth of the pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella coffeicola which causes brown eyespot disease on coffee plant leaves.

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	0424090052
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Magister Biologi, Fakultas MIPA
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username nova
Date Deposited:	16 Jan 2025 01:41
Last Modified:	16 Jan 2025 01:41
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/234840

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