Pemberian Naphthaleneacetic Acid (Naa) Dan Packlobrutazol (Pbz) Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Zukini (Cucurbita Pepo L.)

Meliana, Fikri Priatna and Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Widaryanto, SU and Dr. Mochammad Roviq,, S.P., M.P. (2024) Pemberian Naphthaleneacetic Acid (Naa) Dan Packlobrutazol (Pbz) Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Zukini (Cucurbita Pepo L.). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Zukini (Cucurbita pepo L.) mengandung vitamin B kompleks dan serat pangan bermanfaat dalam pengaturan kadar gula darah dan mencegah risiko kanker serta penuaan dini, meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh, serta mencegah inflamasi. Kebutuhan impor sayuran di Jepang dari Indonesia naik signifikan, namun peningkatan produksi cukup rendah sehingga produksi belum memenuhi kebutuhan pasar lokal dan internasional. Banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil produksi sehingga diperlukan teknik budidaya zukini dengan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT), Berdasarkan sifatnya ZPT terdapat yang bersifat memacu dan menghambat pertumbuhan. PBZ berfungsi menghambat titik tumbuh tanaman sehingga didistribusikan pada organ generatif. Sedangkan peran hormon Auksin (NAA) berfungsi dalam merangsang pembentukan buah. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian PBZ dan NAA untuk mendorong pertumbuhan dan hasil zukini serta mempelajari interaksi terhadap pembentukan dan kualitas buah zukini. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga Juni 2024 di Dusun Dresel, Kecamatan Oro-Oro Ombo, Kota Batu Provinsi Jawa Timur ketinggian 1010 mdpl dengan suhu rata-rata 18-28°C menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) dengan pemberian NAA terdiri tanpa NAA dan pemberian NAA. Sedangkan faktor kedua sebagai anak petak dengan konsentrasi PBZ terdiri konsentrasi 0, 50, 100, 150 dan 200 ppm PBZ. Dikombinasikan 10 perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan sehingga didapatkan 30 satuan kombinasi percobaan. Penelitian didukung variabel pengamatan panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang tangkai, umur berbunga betina, jumlah bunga jantan dan betina, rasio bunga betina, indeks klorofil. Lalu variabel pengamatan panen yaitu, panjang, diameter dan jumlah buah, fruitset, bobot buah dan shoot-root ratio. Serta variabel analisis kandungan buah yaitu, vitamin C, serat kasar, karotenoid dan flavonoid. Hasil pengamatan diuji menggunakan ANOVA taraf 5% dengan uji lanjut BNT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian konsentrasi PBZ 200 ppm menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang tangkai, jumlah bunga betina, jumlah bunga jantan, rasio bunga betina, jumah buah dan diameter buah, namun berbunga betina dan fruit set tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Pada respon panen dan analisis kandungan buah diketahui terjadi interaksi antara pemberian NAA dengan konsentrasi 200 ppm berpengaruh siginfikan pada panjang tangkai (151,4%), panjang buah (31,62%), bobot buah (12,11%) bobot buah per tanaman (41,12%) dan kandungan karotenoid (41,39%), serta interaksi antara pemberian NAA dengan konsentrasi PBZ 50 ppm berpengaruh signifikan terhadap shoot root ratio (30,39%) dan konsentrasi PBZ 0 ppm terhadap kandungan serat kasar (34,21%) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Sedangkan interaksi antara perlakuan tanpa NAA dengan konsentrasi PBZ 100 ppm berpengaruh signifikan terhadap vitamin C (40,14%) serta konsentrasi PBZ 150 ppm terhadap kandungan flavonoid (39,07%) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.

English Abstract

Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) contains vitamin B complex and dietary fiber, which are beneficial in regulating blood sugar levels and preventing the risk of cancer and premature aging, boosting the immune system, and preventing inflammation. The need for imported vegetables in Japan from Indonesia had increased significantly, but the increased in production is quite low so that production had not met the needs of the local and international markets. Many factors can affect production yields so that zucchini cultivation techniques are needed with growth regulators (ZPT), based on the nature of ZPT there are those that spur and inhibit growth. PBZ functions to inhibit plant growth points so that they are distributed to generative organs. While the role of the hormone Auxin (NAA) functions in stimulating fruit formation. Based on this description, this research was conducted to determine the effect of PBZ and NAA to encourage the growth and yield of zucchini and to study the interaction on the formation and quality of zucchini fruit. This research was conducted from April to June 2024 in Dresel Hamlet, OroOro Ombo District, Batu City, East Java Province at an altitude of 1010 meters above sea level with an average temperature of 18-28 ° C using a Divided Plot Design (RPT) with NAA administration consisting of no NAA and NAA administration. While the second factor as a subplot with PBZ concentration consists of concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm PBZ. Combined 10 treatments with 3 replications so that 30 experimental combination units were obtained. The research was supported by observation variables of plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, stalk length, female flowering age, number of male and female flowers, female flower ratio, chlorophyll index. Then the harvest observation variables are length, diameter and number of fruits, fruitset, fruit weight and shoot-root ratio. And variable analysis of fruit content namely, vitamin C, crude fiber, carotenoids and flavonoids. The observation results were tested using ANOVA at 5% level with further test of BNT 5%. The results showed that the application of 200 ppm PBZ concentration showed a significant effect on plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, stalk length, number of female flowers, number of male flowers, female flower ratio, fruit number and fruit diameter, but female flowering and fruit set had no significant effect. In the harvest response and fruit content analysis, it is known that the interaction between application NAA with a concentration of 200 ppm had a significant effect on stem length (151.4%), fruit length (31.62%), fruit weight (12.11%) fruit weight per plant (41.12%) and carotenoid content (41.39%), as well as the interaction between application NAA with a concentration of 50 ppm PBZ has a significant effect on shoot root ratio (30.39%) and 0 ppm PBZ concentration on crude fiber content (34.21%) compared to other treatments. While the interaction between treatment without NAA with PBZ concentration of 100 ppm had a significant effect on vitamin C content (40.14%) and PBZ concentration of 150 ppm on flavonoid content (39.07%) compared to other treatments.

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	0424040051
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username nova
Date Deposited:	03 Dec 2024 06:15
Last Modified:	03 Dec 2024 06:15
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/233203

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