Respons Microgreen Bayam Hijau (Amaranthus hybridus L.) dan Bayam Merah (Amaranthus tricolor L.) terhadap Spektrum Cahaya Lampu LED (Light Emitting Diode)

Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono, S.P., M.P., Ph.D (2024) Respons Microgreen Bayam Hijau (Amaranthus hybridus L.) dan Bayam Merah (Amaranthus tricolor L.) terhadap Spektrum Cahaya Lampu LED (Light Emitting Diode). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Microgreen merupakan tanaman yang dibudidayakan secara indoor dengan menggunakan bantuan cahaya dan dipanen dalam umur yang singkat. Walaupun demikian, microgreen mengandung gizi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan sayuran dalam bentuk dewasanya. Terdapat permasalahan dalam budidaya microgreen yaitu sumber cahaya karena ditanam di dalam ruangan. Cahaya menjadi salah satu faktor terpenting dalam pertumbuhan tanaman yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas dan kuantitas microgreen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui respon microgreen dua varietas bayam terhadap spektrum cahaya lampu LED (Light Emitting Diode). Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai bulan Mei 2024 di Laboratorium Ekologi Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot) dengan 4 kali ulangan yang terdiri 2 faktor yaitu petak utama dan anak petak. Petak utama (main plot) adalah varietas bayam yang terdiri dari 2 jenis, yaitu V1 = bayam hijau dan V2 = bayam merah. Anak petak (subsplot) adalah spektrum cahaya lampu LED yang terdiri dari 4 jenis, yaitu L0 = cahaya matahari (kontrol), L1 = white full spectrum LED, L2 = red LED, dan L3 = blue LED. Sehingga terdapat 32 tray microgreen. Setiap tray microgreen berisi 200 benih bayam dan jarak masing masing lampu LED ke tray yaitu 20 cm dengan lama penyinaran 13 jam/hari dari jam 06.00-18.00 WIB. Variabel pengamatan pertumbuhan dan hasil yang diamati yaitu persentase perkecambahan (%), tinggi microgreen (cm), panjang akar (cm), jumlah daun, luas daun (cm2), bobot segar microgreen (g), bobot kering microgreen (g), bobot segar akar (g), dan bobot kering akar (g). Variabel pengamatan laboratorium berupa kandungan klorofil pada masing-masing ulangan dan variabel pengamatan komponen lingkungan berupa suhu (oC), kelembapan (%), dan intensitas cahaya (lux). Seluruh variabel pengamatan kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dengan taraf 5%. Apabila terdapat pengaruh dari perlakuan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi nyata antara varietas bayam dan spektrum cahaya lampu LED (Light Emitting Diode) pada beberapa variabel pengamatan komponen pertumbuhan, komponen hasil, dan komponen lingkungan. Varietas bayam hijau menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan hasil maksimal pada perlakuan spektrum cahaya blue LED. Varietas bayam merah i menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan hasil maksimal pada perlakuan spektum cahaya blue LED. Namun, pada komponen pertumbuhan tinggi microgreen, spektrum cahaya red LED memberikan hasil tertinggi pada microgreen kedua varietas bayam.

English Abstract

Microgreen are plants that are cultivated indoor using light and harvested within a short period of time. However, microgreen contain higher nutrition than vegetables in their mature form. There is a problem in cultivating microgreen, namely the light source because they are grown indoor. Light is one of the most important factors in plant growth which can affect the quality and quantity of microgreen. The aim of this research was to determine the microgreen response of two spinach varieties to the light spectrum of LED (light emitting diode) lamps. Research activity was carried out from April to May 2024 at the Ecology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang. This research was structured using a Split Plot Design with 4 replications consisting of 2 factors, namely the main plot and subplots. The main plot is a spinach variety which consists of 2 types, namely V1 = Green Amaranth and V2 = Red Amaranth. The subplot is the light spectrum of LED lamps which consists of 4 types, namely L0 = Sunlight (control), L1 = White Full Spectrum LED, L2 = Red LED, and L3 = Blue LED. So there are 32 microgreen trays. Each microgreen tray contains 200 Amaranth seeds and the distance between each LED lamps and the tray 20 cm with a light period of 13 hours/day from 06.00-18.00 WIB. The observed growth and yield variables were germination percentage (%), microgreen height (cm), root length (cm), number of leaves, leaf area (cm2), microgreen fresh weight (g), microgreen dry weight (g), root fresh weight (g), and root dry weight (g). Laboratory observation variables are chlorophyll content in each replication and environmental component observation variables are temperature (oC), humidity (%), and light intensity (lux). All quantitative observation variables were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a level of 5%. If there is a signifficant effect from the treatment, it is continued with the honestly significant difference (HSD) test at the 5% level. The results of the research show that there is an interaction between spinach varieties and the light spectrum of LED (Light Emitting Diode) lights on several observation variables of growth components, yield components and environmental components. The green spinach variety showed maximum growth and yield when treated with the blue LED light spectrum. The red spinach variety showed maximum growth and yield when treated with the blue LED light spectrum. However, in the plant high of microgreen, the red LED light spectrum gave the highest yields on the micogreen of both spinach varieties.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052404
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username nova
Date Deposited:	07 Nov 2024 04:38
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2024 04:38
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/230042

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