Analisis Kualitas Air terhadap Kelimpahan Fitoplankton Tambak Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) Sistem Intensif

Muhammad Daryl Avisena Sulian and Dr. Yunita Maimunah, S.Pi., M.Sc and Ir. Heny Suprastyani, MS (2024) Analisis Kualitas Air terhadap Kelimpahan Fitoplankton Tambak Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) Sistem Intensif. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Budidaya udang vaname menjadi salah satu penghasil penjualan tertinggi yang memiliki keunggulan antara lain, responsif terhadap pakan, nafsu makan yang tinggi, tahan terhadap serangan penyakit, pertumbuhan cepat, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tinggi. Sistem budidaya intensif menjadi sistem budidaya yang sering digunakan karena manajemen pengelolaan pakan yang mudah dan kualitas air yang mudah dikontrol. Kondisi lingkungan seperti kualitas air yang tidak sesuai dengan nilai optimal budidaya udang vaname dapat menyebabkan kematian dan dapat menimbulkan kerugian dalam usaha budidaya. Perubahan kualitas perairan juga memiliki dampak terhadap perubahan komposisi, jenis dan jumlah fitoplankton yang ada di perairan. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut yaitu dengan monitoring dan manajemen kualitas air yang sesuai dengan nilai optimal budidaya udang vaname. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui nilai kualitas air dan kelimpahan fitoplankton tambak udang vaname sistem intensif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Tambak Udang vaname tambak zelda, Kecamatan Jenu, Kaupaten Tuban, pada tanggal 28 November 2023-26 Desember 2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Parameter yang diukur yaitu parameter fisika kimia air, kelimpahan fitoplanktokn, indeks keanekaragaman fitoplankton dan indeks keseragaman fitoplankton. Analisis data secara deskriptif dengan menampilkan data parameter fisika kimia air, kelimpahan fitoplanktokn, indeks keanekaragaman fitoplankton dan indeks keseragaman fitoplankton. Data sekunder yang didapatkan selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan literatur. Hasil pengukuran kualitas air yang didapatkan dalam budidaya udang vaname yaitu suhu 28,3-30,10C, kecerahan air 40-97,5 cm, warna perairan rata�rata berwarna hijau, DO berkisar 4,06-5,63 ppm, amonia 0,15-0,25 ppm, amonium 0,03-0,09 ppm, alkalinitas 87-153 ppm, pH 7,6-8,6, nitrat 2 ppm, nitrit 0,02-0,06 ppm, fosfat 0,03-0,5 ppm, salinitas 35-37 ppt, TAN 0,05-0,12 ppm, dan TOM 63- 100 ppm. Hasil pengukuran kualitas air parameter suhu, DO, warna perairan, alkalinitas,pH, nitrit, TAN termasuk dalam nilai optimal. Parameter kecerahan, amonium, amonia fosfat,nitrat dan salinitas menunjukkan hasil tidak optimal. Hasil perhitungan Kelimpahan fitoplankton adalah 8x104 -85x104 sel/ml. yang termasuk kedalam perairan oligotrofik. Kolam budidaya udang vaname sistem intensif lebih banyak tumbuh Chlorella sp. dari divisi Chlorophyta yaitu 2899 sel/ml. Parameter nitrat, nitrit, amonium, fosfat, suhu, pH, salinitas, DO, dan cahaya matahari menjadi faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kelimpahan fitoplankton

English Abstract

Vaname shrimp cultivation is one of the highest sales producers which has advantages, including responsiveness to feed, high appetite, resistance to disease attacks, fast growth and high survival rate. The intensive cultivation system is a cultivation system that is often used because of easy feed management and easy control of water quality. Environmental conditions such as water quality that does not match the optimal value of vaname shrimp cultivation can cause death and can cause losses in the cultivation business. Changes in water quality also have an impact on changes in the composition, type and number of phytoplankton in the water. One way to overcome this problem is by monitoring and managing water quality in accordance with the optimal value of vaname shrimp cultivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of water quality and abundance of phytoplankton in intensive system vaname shrimp ponds. This research was carried out at the Vaname Shrimp Pond, Tambak Zelda, Jenu District, Tuban District, on 28 November 2023-26 December 2023. The research method used was a quantitative descriptive method. The parameters measured are water physicochemical parameters, phytoplankton abundance, phytoplankton diversity index and phytoplankton uniformity index. Descriptive data analysis by displaying physical and chemical water parameter data, phytoplankton abundance, phytoplankton diversity index and phytoplankton uniformity index. The secondary data obtained was then compared with the literature. The results of water quality measurements obtained in vaname shrimp cultivation are temperature 28.3-30.10C, water brightness 40-97.5 cm, average water color is green, DO ranges from 4.06-5.63 ppm, ammonia 0 .15-0.25 ppm, ammonium 0.03-0.09 ppm, alkalinity 87-153 ppm, pH 7.6-8.6, nitrate 2 ppm, nitrite 0.02-0.06 ppm, phosphate 0, 03-0.5 ppm, salinity 35-37 ppt, TAN 0.05-0.12 ppm, and TOM 63-100 ppm. The results of measuring the water quality parameters of temperature, DO, water color, alkalinity, pH, nitrite, TAN are included in the optimal values. The parameters of brightness, ammonium, ammonia phosphate, nitrate and salinity showed non-optimal results. The calculation results of the abundance of phytoplankton are 80-850 Ind/L which is included in oligotrophic waters. The intensive system of vaname shrimp cultivation ponds grows more Chlorella sp. from the Chlorophyta division, namely 2.899 cells/ml. The parameters nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, temperature, pH, salinity, DO, and sunlight are the main factors that influence the abundance of phytoplankton

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052408
Uncontrolled Keywords:	: Litopenaeus vannamei, Kualitas Air, Kelimpahan Fitoplankton-: Litopenaeus vannamei, Water Quality, Phytoplankton Abundance
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Budidaya Perairan
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	17 Oct 2024 08:21
Last Modified:	17 Oct 2024 08:21
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/227157

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