Bioassessment Kali Sumberbambang Hilir Menggunakan Komunitas Makroinvertebrata di Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur

Nabilah, Talitha Safa and Dr. Ir. Sri Sudaryanti,, M. S. and Dr. Nanik Retno Buwono,, S. Pi., M. P. (2024) Bioassessment Kali Sumberbambang Hilir Menggunakan Komunitas Makroinvertebrata di Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kali Sumberbambang hilir merupakan sungai yang memiliki hulu di Desa Bambang, Kecamatan Wajak dan bermuara di Waduk Sengguruh. Kondisi lahan di Kecamatan Wajak tegolong lahan kritis, sehingga rawan terjadi bencana hidrologi seperti banjir dan tanah longsor. Aktivitas manusia di sekitar sungai dapat menghasilkan limbah yang menyebabkan terjadi perubahan kualitas perairan. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pemantauan status kesehatan Kali Sumberbambang hilir menggunakan metode bioassessment menggunakan komunitas makroinvertebrata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kualitas air, komposisi makroinvertebrata serta status kesehatan Kali Sumberbambang hilir. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2023‒Maret 2024 menggunakan metode survei. Stasiun pengamatan diambil sebanyak 5 stasiun menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Parameter yang diuji terdiri dari 8 parameter (kecepatan arus, tipe substrat, DO, pH, suhu, amonia, TOM dan kesadahan). Pengambilan sampel makroinvertebrata dilakukan pada daerah riffle sepanjang 10 m. Teknik kicking dilakukan di perairan dengan kedalaman <1 m. Jala tangan berukuran lebar 200‒400 mm, tinggi 2‒3 m, penguat 100‒200 mm dan memiliki ukuran mata jala 500 µm. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan indeks SIGNAL 2. Hasil pengukuran nir air dan kualitas air Kali Sumberbambang hilir yaitu kecepatan arus berkisar 0,46–0,88 m/s (sedang hingga cepat), substratnya didominasi oleh substrat kasar (pasir dan kerikil). Suhu berkisar 26,5–28,6o C, oksigen terlarut berkisar 8,2–12,3 mg/L, pH berkisar 7,6–8,5, amonia berkisar 0,082–0,197 mg/L, TOM berkisar 16,43–42,98 mg/L dan kesadahan berkisar 128,1–169,43 mg/L (sedang sampai sadah). Hasil tersebut masih sesuai untuk mendukung kehidupan organisme perairan. Makroinvertebrata yang ditemukan sebanyak 26 taksa, anggota dari 10 ordo diantaranya Coleoptera, Trichoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Odonata, Decapoda, Lumbriculida, Lepidoptera, dan Tricladida dan 6 kelas diantaranya adalah kelas Gastropoda, Insecta, Malacostraca, Turbellaria, Hirudinea dan Clitellata. Jumlah taksa terendah terdapat di Stasiun 5 sebanyak 8 taksa, sedangkan jumlah taksa tertinggi terdapat di Stasiun 1 sebanyak 18 taksa. Makroinvertebrata yang paling banyak ditemukan pada semua stasiun pengamatan adalah Baetidae. Kepadatan relatif Baetidae di Stasiun 1 sebesar 38,36%, Stasiun 2 sebesar 62,88%, Stasiun 3 sebesar 18,03%, Stasiun 4 sebesar 41,10%, dan Stasiun 5 sebesar 62,73%. Berdasarkan FFG, Kali Sumberbambang hilir didominasi oleh scrapers dan gathering collectors. Hasil analisis SIGNAL 2 berkisar 4,05–5,95 dengan status sungai tidak tercemar hingga tercemar berat. Masyarakat harus bekerja sama untuk memperbaiki perairan sungai yang telah tercemar. Informasi dari penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan BPDAS Brantas Sampean untuk membuat kebijakan berupa pengecekan terhadap aktivitas manusia di sekitar Kali Sumberbambang hilir yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan

English Abstract

The downstream Sumberbambang River is a river with its source in Bambang Village, Wajak Subdistrict and its mouth in Sengguruh Reservoir. The land conditions in Wajak Subdistrict are classified as critical land, making it prone to hydrological disasters such as floods and landslides. Around the Sumberbambang River, various human activities generate waste and polluting the river. Therefore, monitoring the health status of the lower Sumberbambang River using bioassessment methods with macroinvertebrate communities is necessary. The aim of this study is to analyze the water quality, macroinvertebrate composition, and the biological health status of the lower Sumberbambang River. The research was conducted from December 2023 to March 2024. Five observation stations were established based on land use. This study employed a survey method. Water samples were collected using purposive sampling. The tested parameters included eight variables (flow velocity, substrate type, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, amonia, total organic matter, and hardness). Macroinvertebrate sampling was carried out in riffle areas over 10 m. Kicking technique was used in shallow waters with depths less than 1 m. Hand nets used were 200–400 mm wide, 2–3 m high, with a 100–200 mm stiffener and a mesh size of 500 µm. Data were analyzed using SIGNAL 2 analysis, assigning scores from 1 to 10 for each type of macroinvertebrate found. The results of the water quality measurements for the lower Sumberbambang River revealed that the flow velocity ranged from 0,46–0,88 m/s, classified as moderate to fast, and the substrate was dominated by coarse materials (sand and gravel). The temperature ranged from 26,5–28,6°C, dissolved oxygen ranged from 8,2–12,3 mg/L, pH ranged from 7,6–8,5, amonia ranged from 0,082–0,197 mg/L, TOM ranged from 16,43–42,98 mg/L, classified as low, and hardness ranged from 128,1–169,43 mg/L, categorized as moderate to hard. A total of 26 taxa from 10 orders including Coleoptera, Trichoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Odonata, Decapoda, Lumbriculida, Lepidoptera, and Tricladida, and 6 classes including Gastropoda, Insecta, Malacostraca, Turbellaria, Hirudinea, and Clitellata were found in the lower Sumberbambang River. The lowest taxa count was at Station 5 with 8 taxa, while the highest was at Station 1 with 18 taxa. Baetidae were the most commonly found macroinvertebrates across all observation stations. The relative densities of Baetidae were 38.36% at Station 1, 62,88% at Station 2, 18,03% at Station 3, 41,10% at Station 4, and 62,73% at Station 5. According to the FFG, the lower Sumberbambang River is dominated by scrapers and gathering collectors. The SIGNAL 2 analysis results ranged from 4,05–5,95, river status indicating not polluted to to heavily polluted. The community must collaborate to improve the contaminated river waters. The information from this study can serve as a reference for BPDAS Brantas Sampean to create a policy in the form of checking human activities around the downstream Sumberbambang River that are not in accordance with regulations.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052408
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	19 Aug 2024 08:16
Last Modified:	19 Aug 2024 08:16
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/224314

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