Firdaus, Mohammad Wahyu and Prof. Dr. Ir. Syafrial, M.S and Dr. Tri Wahyu Nugroho, S.P., M.Si. (2024) Dampak Adopsi Pertanian Organik Terhadap Pendapatan Dan Kesejahteraan Subjektif Petani Padi. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penggunaan bahan kimia pada sektor pertanian telah memberikan ancaman serius dalam kehidupan manusia dan lingkungan. Dalam beberapa laporan oleh organisasi kesehatan dunia (WHO) banyak warga dunia yang mengalami keracunan, penyakit dan bahkan kematian. Sementara itu perkembangan dunia terus memerlukan supply bahan pangan dengan tetap memerhatikan kesehatan manusia, lingkungan dan kesejahteraan petani. Pertanian organik menjadi opsi jawaban atas keadaan tersebut. Untuk terus mendukung perkembangan pertanian organik dan visi Sustainable Development Goals’ maka diperlukan bukti empiris pada penerapan atau keputusan adopsi pertanian organik terhadap pendapatan dan kesejahteraan petani. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan sebagai berikut; (1) Mengetahui faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi yang berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan petani dalam mengadopsi pertanian padi organik, (2) Menganalisis perbedaan pendapatan usahatani antara petani organik dan petani non organik, (3) Menganalisis perbedaan kesejahteraan subjektif antara petani organik dan petani non organik Analisis regresi logit digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian pertama. Hasilnya adalah faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi petani yang berpengaruh signifikan positif adalah tingkat pendidikan petani, keikutsertaan dalam kelompok pertanian dan kelompok sosial. Sedangkan faktor pengalaman usahatani, luas lahan dan jumlah anggota keluarga berpengaruh signifikan negatif. Sedangkan faktor usia petani, pendapatan diluar pertanian, kepemilikan ternak, status lahan dan pekerjaan diluar pertanian tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Untuk menjawab tujuan peneltian kedua, digunakan metode analisis usahatani dan Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Setelah dilakukan pemadanan menggunakan metode PSM, tingkat pendapatan usahatani petani padi organik adalah Rp 29.904.901/hektare/panen, sedangkan pendapatan usahatani padi non organik adalah Rp 23.537.595/hektare/panen. Setelah dilakukan pencocokan melalui empat metode yaitu Nearest Neighbor Matching, Radius Matching, Kernel Matching Method dan Stratification Method dihasilkan bahwa pertanian padi organik memiliki tingkat pendapatan usahatani yang lebih tinggi daripada pertanian padi non organik dengan perbedaan yang signifikan. Metode Propensity Score Matching (PSM) juga digunakan untuk mengestimasi tujuan penelitian ketiga tentang perbedaan kesejahteraan subjektif petani padi organik dan non organik dengan dua indikator yaitu kepuasan hidup dan kebahagiaan. Setelah dilakukan pencocokan melalui empat metode seperti pada tujuan penelitian kedua, hasilnya adalah petani padi organik memiliki tingkat kepuasan hidup dan kebahagiaan lebih tinggi daripada petani padi non organik. Beberapa saran berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: (1) pemerintah sebagai stake holder perlu mendorong berbagai kegiatan transfer knowledge dan promosi pertanian organik seperti pelatihan, best practices dan demonstrasi budidaya pertanian organik; (2) dalam melakukan promosi pertanian organik, pemerintah dan kelompok pertanian organik dapat memprioritaskan petani dengan pengalaman dan anggota keluarga yang lebih sedikit dan petani dengan luas lahan lebih sempit; (3) perlunya penguatan kelompok pertanian organik sebagai salah satu kelompok penggerak pertanian organik pada tingkat mikro di pedesaan. Seperti penyediaan akses penguatan sumberdaya manusiaxi mealui pelatihan pada kelompok pertanian organik dan investasi materil seperti penguatan sarana dan prasarana kelompok pertanian organik.
English Abstract
The use of chemicals in the agricultural sector has posed a serious threat to human life and the environment. In several reports by the World Health Organization (WHO) many of the world's citizens have experienced poisoning, disease and even death. Meanwhile, world development continues to require food supply while still paying attention to human health, the environment and the welfare of farmers. Organic farming is the answer to this situation. To continue to support the development of organic agriculture and the vision of Sustainable Development Goals, empirical evidence is needed on the application or decision of adoption of organic agriculture on farmers' income and welfare. This research has the following objectives; (1) Knowing the socioeconomic factors that influence farmers' decision making in adopting organic paddy farming, (2) Analyzing the difference in farm income between organic farmers and nonorganic farmers, (3) Analyzing the subjective welfare differences between organic farmers and non-organic farmers Logit regression analysis was used to answer the first research objective. The result is that socioeconomic factors of farmers that have a significant positive effect are the level of education of farmers, participation in agricultural groups and social groups. While the factors of farming experience, land area and number of family members have a significant negative effect. Meanwhile, the factors of farmer age, income outside agriculture, livestock ownership, land status and work outside agriculture did not have a significant effect. To answer the second research objective, farming analysis methods and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) were used. After matching using the PSM method, the income level of organic paddy farmers is IDR 29,904,901 / hectare / crop, while the income of non-organic paddy farmers is IDR 23,537,595 / hectare / crop. After matching through four methods, namely Nearest Neighbor Matching, Radius Matching, Kernel Matching Method and Stratification Method, it was produced that organic paddy farming has a higher level of farm income than nonorganic paddy farming with significant differences. The Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method was also used to estimate the third research objective on the subjective welfare differences of organic and non-organic paddy farmers with two indicators, namely life satisfaction and happiness. After matching through four methods as in the second research objective, the result was that organic paddy farmers had higher levels of life satisfaction and happiness than non-organic paddy farmers. Some suggestions based on the findings of this study are as follows: (1) the government as a stakeholder needs to encourage various knowledge transfer and promotion activities of organic agriculture such as training, best practices and demonstrations of organic farming; (2) in promoting organic farming, the government and organic farming groups can prioritize farmers with less experience and family members and farmers with narrower land area; (3) the need to strengthen organic farming groups as one of the driving groups of organic agriculture at the micro level in rural areas. Such as providing access to strengthening human resources through training in organic farming groups and material investments such as strengthening the facilities and infrastructure of organic farming groups.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0424040042 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kesejahteraan; Pertanian Berkelanjutan; Pertanian Organik |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Aug 2024 04:19 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Aug 2024 04:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/222516 |
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