Pembayun, Hanum Surya and Dr. Putu Hadi Setyarini, ST., MT. and Dr. Ir. Achmad As’ad Sonief, MT. (2024) Pengaruh Tekanan dan Waktu Tahan Kompaksi Briket Arang Aktif Bambu Gigantochloa Apus terhadap Adsorpsi Limbah Medis Cair. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Untuk menghindari pencemaran lingkungan dan penularan penyakit, limbah medis cair membutuhkan pengelolaan khusus. Metode adsorpsi dipandang sebagai opsi alternatif pemurnian limbah karena kemudahan penggunaan dan ketersediaan berbagai jenis adsorben. Arang aktif banyak digunakan sebagai adsorben karena biaya produksi rendah dan porositas tinggi, sehingga adsorpsi limbah lebih efektif. Bambu Gigantochloa apus (Bambu apus) cocok digunakan sebagai bahan baku arang karena tersedia dalam jumlah banyak dan mengandung banyak selulosa dan lignin. Bambu apus yang telah dikarbonisasi dilakukan pengecilan dan homogenisasi ukuran partikel menjadi 70 mesh. Arang yang telah homogen diaktivasi dengan NaCl 0,3 M selama 48 jam untuk mendorong pembentukan struktur berpori lebih lanjut, lalu dikeringkan selama 90 menit pada suhu 100˚C. Arang yang telah aktif akan dicampur dengan larutan perekat tepung sagu dan dikeringkan kembali dengan suhu 100˚C selama 15 menit. Selanjutnya, arang aktif dikompaksi dengan variasi tekanan 10 dan 12 ton/dia ram 80 mm, serta waktu tahan 120, 180, dan 240 detik untuk membentuknya menjadi briket agar lebih mudah ditangani, dipindahkan, dan disimpan. Kemudian, briket direndam dalam 100 mL limbah medis cair selama 48 jam dan dilakukan pengujian kadar air, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Potential Of Hydrogen (pH), Scanning Electron Microscopy – Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEMEDS), dan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan dan waktu pemadatan pada briket arang aktif bambu apus terhadap kualitas limbah medis cair dan sifat – sifat briket tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tekanan dan waktu tahan kompaksi membuat adsorpsi limbah medis cair menjadi kurang efektif karena peningkatan kepadatan briket arang aktif bambu apus, menyebabkan pori-pori tumpang tindih dan menyusut, sehingga mengurangi luas permukaan adsorpsi. Berkurangnya luas permukaan penyerapan menyebabkan lebih sedikit polutan yang diserap karena situs aktif yang tersedia berkurang. Selain itu, proses sebelum dan setelah aktivasi, serta setelah adsorpsi tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada perubahan gugus fungsi arang bambu apus.
English Abstract
To avoid environmental pollution and disease infection, liquid medical waste requires special management. Adsorption methods are seen as an alternative option for waste purification due to the ease of use and availability of various types of adsorbents. Activated charcoal is widely used as an adsorbent due to its low production cost and high porosity, resulting in more effective adsorption of waste. Gigantochloa apus bamboo ( Apus bamboo) is suitable as a raw material for charcoal because it is available in large quantities and contains a lot of cellulose and lignin. Carbonized apus bamboo is reduced and homogenized to 70 mesh particle size. The homogenized charcoal was activated with 0.3 M NaCl for 48 hours to encourage further porous structure formation, then dried for 90 minutes at 100˚C. The activated charcoal was mixed with sago starch adhesive solution and dried again at 100˚C for 15 minutes. Next, the activated charcoal was compressed with compaction pressure variation of 10 and 12 tons/ 80 mm ram, and holding time of 120, 180, and 240 seconds to form it into briquettes for easier handling, transportation, and storage. Then, the briquettes were immersed in 100 mL of liquid medical waste for 48 hours and tested for moisture content, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Potential Of Hydrogen (pH), Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEMEDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) to determine the effect of compaction pressure and holding time on apus bamboo activated charcoal briquettes on the quality of liquid medical waste and the properties of the briquettes. The results showed that increasing the compaction pressure and holding time made the adsorption of liquid medical waste less effective due to the increased density of the apus bamboo activated charcoal briquettes, causing the pores to overlap and shrink, thus reducing the adsorption surface area. The reduced adsorption surface area leads to fewer pollutants being adsorbed as the available active sites are reduced. In addition, the processes before and after activation, as well as after adsorption have no significant effect on the changes in the functional groups of apus bamboo charcoal.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0524070100 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Tekanan kompaksi, Waktu tahan kompaksi, Briket arang aktif, Gigantochloa Apus, Adsorpsi, Limbah medis cair |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Mesin |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Jul 2024 05:04 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Jul 2024 05:04 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/221402 |
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