Amalia, Wahyu Rizqi and Feronika Heppy Sriherfyna, S.TP., M.P., Ph.D and Putri Wullandari, S. TP, M. Sc and Bakti Berliyanto Sedayu, S.Pi, M.Sc, Ph.D (2024) Pemanfaatan Pati Singkong dan Karagenan sebagai Bahan Baku Alternatif Pembuatan Edible film. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Edible film dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti kemasan plastik, karena merupakan kemasan yang berbentuk lapisan tipis dan transparan yang dapat dikonsumsi. Edible film umumnya diaplikasikan pada bahan pangan karena sifatnya yang mudah larut dan berfungsi sebagai barrier sehingga dapat melindungi makanan. Pembuatan edible film terdiri dari bahan yang dapat dimakan seperti hidrokoloid, lipida dan komoposit. Hidrokoloid yang sering dijumpai untuk memproduksi edible film yaitu jenis polisakarida seperti pati singkong karena dapat menghasilkan sifat mekanis yang baik. Karagenan juga berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan penyusun edible film karena keberadaannya yang melimpah serta berfungsi sebagai pengental untuk menghasilkan film yang kokoh dan dapat menghambat perpindahan uap air. Proses pembuatan edible film pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekstrusi. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi pati singkong dan karagenan terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia edible film yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap satu faktor dengan variasi konsentrasi karagenan, pati singkong dan plasticizer gliserol (%/b/b/b) yaitu 40:30:30; 45:25:30; 50:20:30; 55:15:30 dengan lima kali pengulangan di setiap perlakuannya. Dilakukan pengujian ketebalan, kuat tarik, elongasi, laju transmisi uap air, kadar air, dan warna untuk mendapatkan karakteristik edible film yang diinginkan, serta dilakukan pengujian gugus fungsi kimia menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared). Hasil yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan ANOVA dan dilakukan uji Lanjut Tukey pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi pati singkong dan karagenan berpengaruh nyata terhadap uji kadar air, ketebalan, kuat tarik, elongasi, laju transmisi uap air dan warna edible film. Perlakuan terbaik dihitung menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan konsentrasi karagenan dan pati singkong 40%:30% dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu 0,357 didapatkan nilai kuat tarik sebesar 0,846 N, elongasi 6,166%, ketebalan 255,6 µm, laju transmisi uap air 20,508 g/m2 /24 jam, kadar air sebesar 11,48% dan warna dengan nilai 30,51 (*L), -2,54 (*a), 4,32 (*b). Karakteristik kimia menunjukkan bahwa tidak ditemukan gugus baru yang terbentuk akibat reaksi kimia. Hasil FTIR yang terkandung pada edible film murni terbentuk dari gabungan secara fisik bahan penyusunnya diantaranya O-H, C-H, C=O, C-O, S=O, dan C-C, C-O 3,6 anhidro-galaktosa, C-O-SO3 D-galaktosa-4-sulfat.
English Abstract
Edible film can be used as a safer alternative to plastic food wrap. It is a thin, transparent food packaging layer that is safe for consumption. The materials used to compose edible films are derived from natural ingredients, thus contributing to biodegradability. These materials are hydrocolloids, lipids, and composites. Hydrocolloid compounds such as carbohydrates contained in cassava starch provide excellent mechanical properties for edible films. Carrageenan can also be a promising material for edible film since it can be used as a thickening agent to form strong films. These components can also serve as a barrier property, which is essential to prevent spoilage and preserve food quality. This research aimed to determine the effects of cassava starch and carrageenan concentration effects on the physical and chemical properties of the edible film. The edible films produced in this research used the extrusion method. This method is rarely used in starch and carrageenan-based edible film production. This research used a one-factor completely randomized design with various carrageenan cassava starch, and glycerol plasticizer concentrations (%/b/b/b) of 40:30:30; 45:25:30; 50:20:30; 55:15:30. Each treatment was conducted five times. Thickness, tensile strength, elongation, water vapor transmission rate, water content, and color were tested to obtain the desired edible film characteristics. Chemical functional group testing was also conducted using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red). The results obtained were processed using ANOVA and the Tukey Advanced test was carried out at a confidence level of 95%. The result of the research revealed that variations in the concentration of carrageenan and cassava starch have a significant effect on the physical and mechanical characteristics of edible film. The best treatment was calculated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The treatment with carrageenan and cassava starch concentrations of 40%:30% was found to be the best treatment, with the highest value of 0,357, resulting in a tensile strength value of 0.846 N, elongation 6,166%, thickness 255,6 µm, steam transmission rate water was 20.508 g/m2/24 hours, water content was 11,48% and color values were 30,51 (*L), -2,54 (*a), 4,32 (*b). Chemical characteristics showed that there were no new functional groups formed as a result of chemical reactions. The FTIR results contained in the edible film were purely formed from a physical combination of the constituent ingredients of O�H, C-H, C=O, C-O, S=O, and C-C, C-O 3,6 anhydro-galactose, C-O-SO3 D�galactose-4- sulfate.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 0524100063 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Edible film, Ekstrusi, Gliserol, Karagenan, Pati singkong Edible film, Extrusion, Glycerol, Carrageenan, Cassava starch |
Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
Date Deposited: | 27 May 2024 07:37 |
Last Modified: | 27 May 2024 07:37 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/219538 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
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