Mayang, Vanda Inayah Oktavia and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sugeng Prijono,, S.U. (2024) Pengaruh Cara Pemberian dan Jenis Bahan Organik pada Tanah terhadap Permeabilitas Tanah di Kebun Kopi Rakyat Sumbermanjing Wetan, Kabupaten Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kopi (Coffea sp.) merupakan komoditas penting yang dibutuhkan masyarakat, sehingga permintaan kopi meningkat setiap tahunnya. Saat ini terjadi penurunan produktivitas kebun kopi milik rakyat, salah satunya di Kecamatan Sumbermanjing Wetan. Penurunan produktivitas terjadi karena penggunaan pupuk anorganik yang berlebihan pada lahan kopi yang menyebabkan ketersediaan bahan organik tanah pada lahan penelitian rendah. Penambahan bahan organik dilakukan dengan cara pemberian dan jenis bahan organik yang tidak tepat. Hal tersebut menyebabkan efisiensi pemupukan berkurang. Salah satu upaya peningkatan efisiensi pemupukan adalah dengan memberikan lubang pemupukan dan dikombinasikan dengan berbagai jenis bahan organik di area perakaran tanaman. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang cara pemberian dan jenis bahan organik perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap permeabilitas tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – Desember 2023 di Desa Argotirto, Kecamatan Sumbermanjing Wetan, Kabupaten Malang dan Laboratorium Fisika Tanah Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian experimental dengan rancangan percobaan RAK (Rancangan Acak Kelompok) yang terdiri dari 15 plot percobaan dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari P1: tanpa perlakuan, P2: Pupuk kandang kambing 2 lubang, P3: Kompos 2 lubang, P4: Pupuk hijau 2 lubang, P5: Pupuk kandang disebar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap kegiatan yaitu pemberian perlakuan, pengambilan sampel tanah, persiapan sampel tanah dan analisis laboratorium. Parameter penelitian ini yaitu konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh, tekstur tanah, berat isi, berat jenis, porositas, dan kemantapan agregat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan ANOVA taraf 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan menggunakan taraf 5% apabila menunjukkan pengaruh nyata. Analisis korelasi dan regresi juga dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara sifat fisika tanah dengan permeabilitas tanah. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan dapat dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan cara aplikasi dan jenis bahan organik belum dapat memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap permeabilitas, C-organik, berat isi, berat jenis, porositas, dan kemantapan agregat tanah pada seluruh kedalaman. Namun dibandingkan dengan hasil analisis tanah awal, pemberian perlakuan cenderung dapat meningkatkan permeabilitas, C-organik, berat jenis, porositas dan menurunkan berat isi. Perlakuan 2 lubang pupuk kandang kambing dan perlakuan 2 lubang pupuk hijau memberikan hasil yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan permeabilitas, C-organik, berat isi, berat jenis dan porositas tanah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Kemudian, Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda antara nilai C-organik (x1), berat isi (x2), porositas (x3) dengan nilai KHJ (y) dinyatakan dalam persamaan y =161,40 + 2,02x1 - 74,68x2 - 0,97x3. Berdasarkan koefisien korelasi (R2), diketahui C-organik, berat isi, dan porositas menjelaskan permeabilitas tanah sebesar 35%
English Abstract
Coffee (Coffea sp.) is an important commodity that the demand for coffee increases every year. Currently there is a decrease productivity in smallholder coffee plantations, one of them happened in the Sumbermanjing Wetan District. The productivity decreased occurred due to excessive use of inorganic fertilizers on coffee plantation, which caused the availability of soil organic matter on the research fields to be low. The addition of organic matter is carried out by using the wrong method and type of organic matter. This causes fertilizer efficiency to decrease. One effort to increase fertilizer efficiency is to provide fertilizer holes and combine them with various types of organic material in the plant root area. Therefore, research on the method of application and type of organic material needs to be carried out to determine the effect on soil permeability. This research was carried out in March – December 2023 in Argotirto Village, Sumbermanjing Wetan District, Malang Regency and in the Soil Physics Laboratory of the Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang. This research is an experimental study with a Randomized Group Design experimental consisting of 15 experimental plots with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study consisted of P1: no treatment, P2: 2 holes of goat manure, P3: 2 holes of compost, P4: 2 holes of green manure, P5: Spread manure. The research was carried out in several stages of activities, namely providing treatment, taking soil samples, preparing soil samples and laboratory analysis. The parameters of this research are saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil texture, bulk density, specific gravity, porosity and aggregate stability. Data analysis was carried out using ANOVA at the 5% level and continued with Duncan's further test using the 5% level if it showed a real effect. Correlation and regression analyzes were also carried out to see the relationship between soil physical properties and soil permeability. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that the treatment method of application and type of organic material has not been able to have a real influence on permeability, C-organics, bulk density, specific gravity, porosity and soil aggregate stability at all depths. However, compared with the results of the initial soil analysis, treatment tends to increase permeability, C-organic, specific gravity, porosity and reduce bulk density. The 2 holes of goat manure treatment and the 2 holes of green manure treatment gave the best results in increasing permeability, C-organic, bulk density, specific gravity and soil porosity compared to the control treatment. Then, the results of multiple linear regression analysis between the C-organic value (x1), bulk density (x2), porosity (x3) and KHJ value (y) are expressed in the equation y = 161.40 + 2.02x1 - 74.68x2 - 0 .97x3. Based on the correlation coefficient (R2), it is known that organic C, bulk density and porosity explain soil permeability by 35%
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0524040177 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Mar 2024 06:20 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Mar 2024 06:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/217569 |
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