Keanekaragaman Parasitoid Ordo Hyemnoptera pada Budidaya Sayuran Organik dan Konvensional di Kecamatan Trawas Kabupaten Mojokerto.

Febrianti., Maulida and Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Tri Rahardjo,, SU. (2024) Keanekaragaman Parasitoid Ordo Hyemnoptera pada Budidaya Sayuran Organik dan Konvensional di Kecamatan Trawas Kabupaten Mojokerto. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Sayuran merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang memiliki nutrisi yang lengkap dan memenuhi syarat kebutuhan angka gizi yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan, serta menjadi komoditas yang paling banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia salah satunya di Kecamatan Trawas. Sayuran dapat dibudidayakan secara organik dan konvensional. Teknik budidaya secara organik merupakan teknik budidaya tanaman dengan menggunakan bahan alami tanpa adanya input bahan kimia sintetik sehingga terciptanya pertanian yang ramah lingkungan. Sedangkan teknik budidaya secara konvensional merupakan teknik budidaya dengan menggunakan input bahan kimia sintetik seperti pupuk dan pestisida sintetik yang dapat meninggalkan residu dan merusak lingkungan. Perbedaan teknik budidaya dapat mempengaruhi populasi dan tingkat keanekaragaman Parasitoid Ordo Hymenoptera. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mempelajari bagaimana keanekaragaman Parasitoid Ordo Hymenoptera dapat dipengaruhi oleh teknik budidaya yang berbeda. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai Oktober 2023. di Kecamatan Trawas Kabupaten Mojokerto, pengamatan dilakukan di lahan sayuran organik yang terletak di Desa Penanggungan dan lahan konvensional di Desa Ketapanrame. Kegiatan identifikasi Parasitoid Ordo Hymenoptera dilakukan di Laboratorium Hama Tanaman 1 milik Department Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Kota Malang. Pengamatan langsung dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mengetahui perlakuan teknik budidaya sayuran di lahan. Pengambilan spesimen Parasitoid Ordo Hymenoptera dilakukan dengan menggunakan pola diagonal sampling. Sedangkan penangkapan spesimen dilakukan dengan metode pasif dan aktif dengan interval 5 hari sekali selama 24 jam. Kemudian dilakukan identifikasi. Data diolah menggunakan RStudio versi 4.3.0 kemudian melakukan analisis ragam dan uji lanjut BNJ taraf 5% menggunakan ANOVA, serta menganalisis komposisi dan kemiripan menggunakan Analysisi of Similarity (ANOSIM). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, jumlah Parasiotid Ordo Hymenoptera lebih banyak didapatkan pada lahan sayuran Organik yaitu 392 individu yang terdiri dari 15 famili dan 40 morfospesies. Sedangkan pada lahan sayuran konvensional ditemukan 163 individu yang terdiri dari 10 famili dan 25 morfospesies. Parasitoid Ordo Hyemnoptera yang ditemukan pada kedua lahan tersebut didominasi dari Famili Ichneumonidae, Braconidae dan Eulophidae. Hasil uji ANOVA dan ANOSIM menunjukan bahwa teknik budidaya secaa organik dan konvensional memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan Parasitoid Ordo Hymenoptera, serta menunjukan perbedaan komposisi Parasitoid Ordo Hymenoptera. Kondisi lahan sayuran organik dengan berbagai komoditas dan penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida alami menyebabkan keanekaragaman Parasitoid Ordo Htmenoptera yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan lahan sayuran konvensional.

English Abstract

Vegetables are one of the foodstuffs that have complete nutrition and meet the nutritional requirements that are beneficial for health, and are the most widely cultivated commodities in Indonesia, one of which is in Trawas District. Vegetables can be cultivated organically and conventionally. Organic cultivation techniques are techniques for cultivating plants using natural materials without any input of synthetic chemicals so as to create environmentally friendly agriculture. Meanwhile, conventional cultivation techniques are cultivation techniques that use synthetic chemical inputs such as synthetic fertilizers and pesticides which can leave residue and damage the environment. Differences in cultivation techniques can influence the population and level of diversity of Parasitoids of the Order Hymenoptera. This research was carried out with the aim of studying how the diversity of parasitoids of the Hymenoptera Order can be influenced by different cultivation techniques. Research activities were carried out from September to October 2023. In Trawas District, Mojokerto Regency, observations were carried out in organic vegetable fields located in Penanggungan Village and conventional fields in Ketapanrame Village. Parasitoid identification activities of the Hymenoptera Order were carried out at Plant Pest Laboratory 1 belonging to the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang City. Direct observations and interviews were carried out to find out the treatment of vegetable cultivation techniques on the land. Parasitoid specimens of the Hymenoptera order were collected using a diagonal sampling pattern. Meanwhile, specimen capture was carried out using passive and active methods at intervals of 5 days for 24 hours. Then identification is carried out. The data was processed using RStudio version 4.3.0 then carried out analysis of variance and further BNJ tests at 5% level using ANOVA, as well as analyzing composition and similarity using Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM). Based on research conducted, the number of Parasiotids of the Hymenoptera Order was greater in organic vegetable fields, namely 392 individuals consisting of 15 families and 40 morphospecies. Meanwhile, in conventional vegetable fields, 163 individuals were found consisting of 10 families and 25 morphospecies. The parasitoids of the Hyemnoptera order found in these two fields were predominantly from the Ichneumonidae, Braconidae and Eulophidae families. The results of the ANOVA and ANOSIM tests show that organic and conventional cultivation techniques have significant differences in the diversity and abundance of Parasitoids of the Order Hymenoptera, as well as showing differences in the composition of Parasitoids of the Order Hymenoptera. The condition of organic vegetable fields with various commodities and the use of natural fertilizers and pesticides causes a higher diversity of Parasitoids of the Order Htmenoptera compared to conventional vegetable fields

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0524040158
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username nova
Date Deposited:	27 Mar 2024 06:04
Last Modified:	27 Mar 2024 06:04
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/217498

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Maulida Febrianti.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (2MB)

Actions (login required)

View Item