Rochmawati, Noer and Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Dwi Argo,, DEA and Prof. Ir. La Choviya Hawa, STP, MP, Ph.D, STP, MP, Ph.D (2024) Konversi Campuran Sekam Padi dan Serbuk Gergaji Menjadi Biobriket dengan Menggunakan Perekat Getah Pinus. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Biobriket merupakan salah satu energi alternatif berupa arang yang berbentuk batangan padat yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan limbah pertanian yang seringkali tidak dimanfaatkan dengan baik. Biobriket mulai banyak digunakan karena murah, mudah diperoleh, dan mudah digunakan oleh masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini, biobriket dibuat dari bahan dasar berupa campuran sekam padi dan serbuk gergaji dengan penambahan molase sebagai perekat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari variasi komposisi bahan dan waktu pengarangan terhadap nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar abu, kerapatan massa, kuat tekan, karbon terikat, volatile matter, serta laju pembakaran dari biobriket yang dihasilkan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menentukan campuran komposisi bahan yang tepat agar diperoleh biobriket dengan kualitas terbaik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor yaitu komposisi bahan dan waktu pengarangan. Faktor komposisi bahan meliputi rasio sekam padi dan serbuk gergaji sebanyak 30:70, 50:50, dan 70:30. Sedangkan faktor waktu pengarangan meliputi waktu pengarangan 30 menit dan 60 menit. Hasil penelitian berupa nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar abu, kerapatan massa, kuat tekan, karbon terikat, volatile matter, serta laju pembakaran akan dianalisis dengan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil analisis biobriket menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan massa berkisar antara 0,682-0,817 gr/cm3. Kuat tekan biobriket berkisar antara 1,943-5,053 gr/cm2. Kadar air biobriket berkisar antara 1,558-2,591%. Kadar abu biobriket berkisar antara 8,295-21,118%. Volatile matter biobriket berkisar antara 73,911-85,672%. Nilai kalor biobriket berkisar antara 3831,333-4931,667 cal/gr. Karbon terikat biobriket berkisar antara 3,252-4,290%. Serta laju pembakaran biobriket berkisar antara 0,327-0,630 gram/menit. Berdasarkan metode multiple atribute Zeleny didapatkan hasil bahwa perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada sampel A1B2 dengan perbandingan sekam dan serbuk gergaji (30:70) dan waktu pengarangan 60 menit. Perlakuan tersebut menghasilkan briket dengan nilai kerapatan massa sebesar 0,749 gr/cm3, kuat tekan sebesar 5,053 gr/cm2, kadar air sebesar 1,845%, kadar abu sebesar 8,295%, volatile matter sebesar 85,672%, nilai kalor sebesar 4931,667 kal/gr, karbon terikat sebesar 4,189%, dan laju pembakaran sebesar 0,630 gr/menit
English Abstract
Biobriquettes are an alternative form of energy in the shape of charcoal bars, produced by processing agricultural waste that is often underutilized. They are becoming widely used due to their affordability, ease of acquisition, and convenience for community use. In this study, biobriquettes were made from a mixture of rice husks and sawdust, with the addition of molasses as an adhesive. This research aims to analyze the impact of variations in material composition and carbonization time on the heating value, moisture content, ash content, mass density, compressive strength, bound carbon, volatile matter, and combustion rate of the produced biobriquettes. Additionally, the study aims to identify the optimal material composition for obtaining high-quality biobriquettes. The research was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors: material composition and carbonizing time. The material composition factor includes ratios of rice husk to sawdust at 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30. The carbonizing time factor includes times of 30 and 60 minutes. The study's results, encompassing calorific value, moisture content, ash content, mass density, compressive strength, bound carbon, volatile matter, and combustion rate, will be analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) followed by the LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. The analysis of the biobriquettes revealed that mass density ranged from 0,682 to 0,817 gr/cm3; compressive strength ranged from 1,943 to 5,053 gr/cm2; moisture content ranged from 1,558 to 2,591%; ash content ranged from 8,295 to 21,118%; volatile matter ranged from 73,911 to 85,672%; calorific value ranged from 3831,333 to 4931,667 cal/gr; bound carbon ranged from 3,252 to 4,290%; and burning rate ranged from 0,327 to 0,630 grams/minute. Based on the Zeleny multiple attribute method, the results showed that the best treatment was obtained on sample A1B2 with a ratio of husk and sawdust (30:70) and a drying time of 60 minutes. This treatment produces briquettes with a mass density value of 0.749 gr/cm3, compressive strength of 5.053 gr/cm2, water content of 1.845%, ash content of 8.295%, volatile matter of 85.672%, calorific value of 4931.667 cal/gr, bound carbon is 4.189%, and the burning rate is 0.630 gr/minute.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052410 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biobriket, Sekam Padi, Serbuk Gergaji, Molase, Energi Alternatif |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Mar 2024 06:27 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2024 06:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/216913 |
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