Ningtyas, Penny Septya and Dr. Lenny Sri Nopriani S.P., M.P.,, S.P., M.P., and Syahrul Kurniawan, S.P., M.P., Ph.D. (2024) Efektivitas Jenis dan Dosis Pupuk Anorganik Fosfor terhadap Sifat Kimia Inceptisol serta Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) di Jatimulyo. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Produksi cabai merah menunjukkan tren cenderung meningkat tiap tahunnya namun belum dapat memenuhi target produksi sehingga masih dilakukan impor. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan produksi cabai merah dilakukan dengan memenuhi kebutuhan hara fosfor sebagai hara utama pada fase generatif. Permasalahan fiksasi P oleh kation asam pada tanah yang memiliki pH masam berdampak efisiensi pemupukan fosfor menjadi rendah. Disisi lain terjadi pembatasan jenis pupuk subsidi dengan menghapus pupuk SP-36 sehingga harganya di pasaran mengalami fluktuasi. Hal ini mendorong produsen pupuk untuk membuat pupuk anorganik fosfor alternatif yang mengandung hara makro primer dan sekunder serta memiliki harga jual relatif lebih murah dibanding SP-36 yang lazim digunakan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi pemupukan dari berbagai jenis pupuk fosfor dan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pupuk fosfor uji pada tanaman cabai merah di tanah Inceptisol. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Lahan Percobaan Jatimulyo, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian menggunakan RAK dengan 3 kali ulangan dan 9 perlakuan. Perlakuan terdiri atas satu perlakuan kontrol tanpa input pupuk, satu perlakuan kontrol NPK sebagai standar pupuk majemuk, satu perlakuan kontrol NPK sebagai standar pupuk tunggal, satu perlakuan NPK majemuk standar yang dikombinasikan dengan 200 kg ha-1 pupuk fosfor uji, satu perlakuan pupuk Rock Phosphate dengan dosis 300 kg ha-1, satu perlakuan pupuk fosfor X dengan dosis 300 kg ha-1, dan 3 perlakuan pupuk fosfor uji yang berbeda dosis dengan rincian 300, 400, dan 500 kg ha-1. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut BNJ dengan taraf 5%, uji korelasi, dan uji regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan pupuk anorganik fosfor pada perlakuan CI menunjukkan nilai tertinggi dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan Ca-dd, pH H2O, dan serapan P. Parameter CC mampu memberikan nilai tertinggi namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan P total dan P tersedia. Sedangkan untuk tinggi tanaman pada 49 HST, perlakuan CC menunjukkan nilai tertinggi dan signifikan dibandingkan perlakuan CA. Namun pada jumlah daun, jumlah cabang dan jumlah bunga pada 49 HST, nilai tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan CI dan signifikan dibandingkan perlakuan CA. Pada parameter produksi juga menunjukkan perlakuan CI memiliki nilai tertinggi dan signifikan dibandingkan perlakuan CA. Terdapat hubungan kuat antara penambahan pupuk anorganik fosfor terhadap ketersediaan P dalam tanah (r = 0,73) dan Ca-dd (r = 0,84). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penambahan pupuk anorganik fosfor dapat meningkatkan kandungan P tersedia sebesar 53,05% dan Ca-dd sebesar 88,85%. Hasil RAE menunjukkan perlakuan CG, CH, dan CI efektif secara agronomis namun perlakuan CH, dan CI mampu memberikan hasil produksi lebih baik dibanding pupuk standar (CC) karena nilai RAE > 100%. Sedangkan hasil IBCR menunjukkan perlakuan CG, CH, dan CI mampu memberikan keuntungan lebih tinggi dibanding pupuk standar (CC).
English Abstract
Red chili production shows a trend that tends to increase every year but has not been able to meet production targets so imports are still carried out. One effort to increase red chili production is to fulfill the nutrient requirement for phosphorus as the main nutrient in the generative phase. The problem of P fixation by acid cations in soil that has an acidic pH results in low phosphorus fertilization efficiency. On the other hand, there are restrictions on the types of subsidized fertilizer by removing SP-36 fertilizer so that the price on the market fluctuates. This encourages fertilizer producers to make alternative inorganic phosphorus fertilizers that contain primary and secondary macro nutrients and have a relatively cheaper selling price than SP-36 which is commonly used by farmers. This research aims to determine the fertilization efficiency of various types of phosphorus fertilizer and to determine the effectiveness of test phosphorus fertilizer on red chili plants in Inceptisol soil. The research was carried out at the Jatimulyo Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The research used RAK with 3 repetitions and 9 treatments. The treatments consisted of one control treatment without fertilizer input, one NPK control treatment as a standard compound fertilizer, one NPK control treatment as a single standard fertilizer, one standard compound NPK treatment combined with 200 kg ha-1 of test phosphorus fertilizer, one Rock Phosphate fertilizer treatment with a dose of 300 kg ha-1, one treatment of phosphorus fertilizer Data analysis used ANOVA followed by further BNJ tests with a level of 5%, correlation tests and regression tests. The results showed that the addition of inorganic phosphorus fertilizer in the CI treatment showed the highest value and had a significant effect on increasing Ca-dd, pH H2O, and P uptake. The CC parameter was able to provide the highest value but had no significant effect on increasing total P and available P. Meanwhile, for plant height at 49 DAT, CC treatment showed the highest and most significant value compared to CA treatment. However, for the number of leaves, number of branches and number of flowers at 49 DAT, the highest values were found in the CI treatment and were significant compared to the CA treatment. The production parameters also show that the CI treatment has the highest and most significant value compared to the CA treatment. There is a strong relationship between the addition of inorganic phosphorus fertilizer to the availability of P in the soil (r = 0.73) and Ca-dd (r = 0.84). This shows that the addition of inorganic phosphorus fertilizer can increase the available P content by 53.05% and Ca-dd by 88.85%. The RAE results show that the CG, CH, and CI treatments are agronomically effective, but the CH and CI treatments are able to provide better production results than standard fertilizer (CC) because the RAE value is > 100%. Meanwhile, the IBCR results show that CG, CH and CI treatments are able to provide higher profits than standard fertilizer (CC).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0524040117 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Feb 2024 04:20 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Feb 2024 04:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/216268 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Penny Septya Ningtyas.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (4MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |