Pengaruh perbedaan jenis pupuk kandang dan PGPR terhadap ketahanan Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) pada sawi (Brassica juncea L.)

Ardhika, Fiqar Rinengkuh and Dr. Ir. Mintarto Martosudiro, M.S. and Fery Abdul Choliq, S.P., M.P. (2024) Pengaruh perbedaan jenis pupuk kandang dan PGPR terhadap ketahanan Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) pada sawi (Brassica juncea L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman sawi menjadi salah satu tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan petani di Indonesia karena digemari masyarakat untuk dikonsumsi sehari-hari. Namum, dalam berbudidaya tanaman sawi memiliki kendala karena serangan penyakit salah satunya adalah serangan Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV). Serangan penyakit TuMV dapat menyebabkan kegagalan panen karena penyakit itu mampu menyerang pada semua fase pertumbuhan mulai dari benih, fase pembibitan, vegetative, sampai fase generative. Serangan TuMV pada tanaman sawi menyebabkan kerusakan berupa mosaik disertrai vein clearing pada daun, melepuh (blister), sampai dengan perubahan bentuk daun (malformasi). Upaya dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan tanaman dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk kandang dan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian terkait pengaruh pupuk kandang dan PGPR terhadap pertumbuhan dan ketahanan tanaman sawi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di greenhouse Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2020. Adapun tahapan penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah persiapan inokulum TuMV, persiapan media tanam dan penanaman, aplikasi PGPR, pembuatan sap TuMV, inokulasi TuMV pada tanaman sawi, dan perawatan tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk enam perlakuan termasuk kontrol dan setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Adapun variable yang diamati pada penelitian ini meliputi intensitas serangan TuMV, panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, dan biomassa tanaman. Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh TuMV pada tanaman sawi menghasilkan gejala yang bermacam-macam. Gejala yang dihasilkan pada daun tanaman sawi meliputi gejala klorosis berbentuk mosaik bewarna hijau kekuningan disertai dengan menunjukan gejala vein clearing, dan perubahan bentuk atau malformasi (daun berkerut) yang terjadi pada daun tanaman sawi. Hasil uji lanjut DMRT menunjukan bahwa pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan pupuk kandang kambing dengan penambahan PGPR memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan intensitas penyakit TuMV jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol dan perlakuan dengan pupuk saja. Selain itu, bahwa pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan pupuk kandang kambing dengan penambahan PGPR memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol dan perlakuan dengan pupuk saja meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, biomassa tanaman sawi. Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan kambing dengan penambahan PGPR mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman sawi terhadap TuMV dan mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi.

English Abstract

Mustard greens are one of the plants that many farmers cultivate in Indonesia because they are popular with people for daily consumption. However, cultivating mustard greens has problems due to disease attacks, one of which is the Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) attack. TuMV disease attacks can cause crop failure because the disease is able to attack all growth phases starting from the seed, seedling, vegetative, to generative phases. TuMV attacks on mustard greens cause damage in the form of mosaics with veins on the leaves, blisters, and even changes in leaf shape (malformation). Efforts to increase plant growth and resilience can be done by providing manure and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Therefore, research was conducted regarding the effect of manure and PGPR on the growth and resistance of mustard greens. The research was carried out in the greenhouse of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang. The time for conducting the research was from October to December 2020. The research stages carried out were TuMV inoculum preparation, planting and planting media preparation, PGPR application, making TuMV sap, TuMV inoculation on mustard greens, and plant care. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) for six treatments including control and each treatment was repeated four times. The variables observed in this study included the intensity of TuMV attacks, plant length, number of leaves, and plant biomass. The disease caused by TuMV in mustard plants produces various symptoms. Symptoms produced on the leave s of the mustard plant include symptoms of chlorosis in the form of a yellowish green mosaic accompanied by symptoms of vein clearing, and changes in shape or malformation (wrinkled leaves) that occur on the leaves of the mustard plant. DMRT further test results showed that the application of cow manure and goat manure with the addition of PGPR had a real effect on reducing the intensity of TuMV disease when compared with the control and treatment with fertilizer alone. Apart from that, the application of cow manure and goat manure with the addition of PGPR had a real effect on increasing the growth of mustard plants when compared to the control and treatment with fertilizer alone including plant height, number of leaves, mustard plant biomass. Providing cow and goat manure with the addition of PGPR can increase the resistance of mustard plants to TuMV and can increase the growth of mustard plants

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0524040020
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username nova
Date Deposited:	15 Feb 2024 02:33
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2024 02:33
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/215636

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