Ermawati, . and Prof. Dr. Ir. Zaenal Kusuma,, S.U. and Dr. Kurniawan Sigit W., S.P., M.Sc. (2023) Retensi Air Tanah pada Berbagai Jenis Penggunaan Lahan di Inceptisols DAS Konto Hulu Kabupaten Malang. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
DAS Konto Hulu di Kabupaten Malang merupakan wilayah dengan beragam jenis penggunaan lahan. Selama periode 15 tahun antara 1990 – 2005, terjadi perubahan tutupan lahan yang cukup besar di DAS ini. Perubahan terbesar adalah berkurangnya luas hutan dan peningkatan luasan tutupan lahan tanaman semusim. Perubahan penggunaan lahan di DAS Konto Hulu diduga memiliki dampak yang beragam terhadap sifat fisik tanah dan potensi retensi airnya. Inceptisols adalah salah satu jenis tanah yang ditemui di DAS Konto Hulu. Retensi air tanah pada Inceptisols dapat menjadi masalah dalam beberapa konteks, terutama jika terjadi perubahan penggunaan lahan atau praktek pengelolaan yang tidak tepat. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan: a) menganalisa perbedaan dan perubahan sifat fisik tanah pada berbagai jenis penggunaan lahan di Inceptisols DAS Konto Hulu; b) menganalisa perbedaan retensi air tanah pada berbagai jenis penggunaan lahan di Inceptisols DAS Konto Hulu; c) menganalisa hubungan sifat fisik tanah dan retensi air tanah pada berbagai jenis penggunaan lahan di Inceptisols DAS Konto Hulu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di DAS Konto Hulu Kabupaten Malang pada pada Oktober – November 2022. Analisis Laboratorium dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah dan Laboratorium Kimia Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya pada Januari - April 2023. Pengambilan contoh tanah di 16 titik Satuan Peta Lahan (SPL) dengan enam jenis penggunaan lahan: hutan, kebun, tegalan, sawah, semak belukar, dan agroforestri. Jenis tanah yang dipilih adalah Typic Dystrudepts, Typic Humudepts, dan Typic Eutrudepts. Lokasi berada pada lereng 25-40% (curam). Sampel tanah diambil pada 2 kedalaman yakni 0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm. Variabel yang diamati yaitu tekstur, berat isi, berat jenis, porositas, kemantapan agregat, C-organik, dan retensi air tanah pada pF 0; 2,5; dan 4,2. Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya dilakukan analisis ragam (Manova) dan uji Lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik sifat fisik tanah dan retensi air tanah inceptisols berbeda pada berbagai jenis penggunaan lahan. Berat isi, porositas, kemantapan agregat, bahan organik, dan distribusi pori (makro, meso, dan mikro) berbeda nyata antar perlakuan penggunaan lahan. Retensi air pF 0 tertinggi pada hutan Typic Eutrudepts (0,96 cm3 cm-3) dan terendah pada sawah Typic Eutrudepts (0,63 cm3 cm-3). Retensi air pF 2,5 tertinggi pada hutan Typic Eutrudepts (0,66 cm3 cm-3) dan terendah pada kebun Typic Humudepts (0,42 cm3 cm-3). Retensi air pF 4,2 tertinggi pada tegalan Typic Eutrudepts (0,44 cm3 cm-3) dan terendah pada semak belukar Typic Eutrudepts (0,19 cm3 cm-3). Air tersedia tertinggi pada hutan Typic Eutrudepts (0,39 cm3 cm-3). Air tersedia terendah pada tegalan Typic Eutrudepts (0,06 cm3 cm-3). Retensi air tanah dipengaruhi fraksi liat (r=-0,333**), berat isi (r=-0,323**), porositas (r=0,271), kemantapan agregat (r=0,241), kadar bahan organik tanah (r=0,208), pori makro (r=0,407**), pori meso (r=1), dan pori mikro (r=-0,785**).
English Abstract
The research was conducted in the Upper Konto Watershed, Malang Regency, which encompasses various land use types. Over the 15-year period between 1990 and 2005, significant changes in land cover occurred in this watershed. The most prominent changes were the reduction in forest area and the increase in the area under seasonal crops. These land use changes in the Upper Konto Watershed are suspected to have diverse impacts on the physical properties of the soil and its water retention potential. Inceptisols are one of the soil types found in the Upper Konto Watershed, and water retention in Inceptisols can be problematic in certain contexts, especially with inappropriate land use changes or management practices. Therefore, the research aimed to: a) analyze the differences and changes in the physical properties of soil under various land use types in Inceptisols in the Upper Konto Watershed; b) analyze the differences in soil water retention under various land use types in Inceptisols in the Upper Konto Watershed; c) analyze the relationship between the physical properties of soil and soil water retention under various land use types in Inceptisols in the Upper Konto Watershed. The research was carried out in the Upper Konto Watershed, Malang Regency, from October to November 2022. Laboratory analyses were conducted at the Soil Physics and Soil Chemistry Laboratories, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, from January to April 2023. Soil samples were taken from 16 points in Land Unit Maps (SPL) with six land use types: forest, pine garden, dry farm land, paddy field, brushland, and agroforestry. The selected soil types were Typic Destrudepts, Typic Humudepts, and Typic Eutrudepts. The locations were on slopes ranging from 25-40% (steep). Soil samples were taken at two depths: 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm. The observed variables included texture, bulk density, soil density, porosity, aggregate stability, organic carbon, and soil water retention at pF 0, 2.5, and 4.2. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of the research indicate that the physical characteristics of Inceptisols and soil water retention differ among various land use types. Bulk density, porosity, aggregate stability, organic matter, and pore distribution (macro, meso, and micro) significantly differ among land use treatments. The highest water retention at pF 0 was found in the Typic Eutrudepts forest (0.96 cm³ cm⁻³), while the lowest was in the Typic Eutrudepts paddy field (0.63 cm³ cm⁻³). The highest water retention at pF 2.5 was observed in the Typic Eutrudepts forest (0.66 cm³ cm⁻³), and the lowest was in the Typic Humudepts pine garden (0.42 cm³ cm⁻³). The highest water retention at pF 4.2 was recorded in the Typic Eutrudepts dry farm land (0.44 cm³ cm⁻³), while the lowest was in the Typic Eutrudepts brushland (0.19 cm³ cm⁻³). The highest available water was in the Typic Eutrudepts forest (0.39 cm³ cm⁻³), and the lowest was in the Typic Eutrudepts dry farm land (0.06 cm³ cm⁻³). Soil water retention was influenced by clay fraction (r = -0.333**), bulk density (r = -0.323**), porosity (r = 0.271), aggregate stability (r = 0.241), soil organic matter content (r = 0.208), macro pore (r = 0.407**), meso pore (r = 1), and micro pore (r = -0.785**).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0423040016 |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Pengelolaan Tanah dan Air, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Feb 2024 05:31 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Feb 2024 05:31 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/215604 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Ermawati.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (5MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |