Suryani, Aliffia Azzahra Putri and Dr. Afifuddin Latif Adiredjo,, S.P., M.Sc. (2023) Analisis Korelasi dan Regresi Karakter Agronomi terhadap Bobot Buah Labu Kuning (Cucurbita maxima Duch.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Labu kuning (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) merupakan tanaman yang berasal dari famili Cucurbitaceae dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia karena dapat tumbuh di daerah tropis mulai dari dataran rendah hingga dataran tinggi. Kandungan betakaroten pada labu sangat tinggi yakni 19,9 mg per 100 g serta terdapat nutrisi vitamin A sebagai antioksidan dalam melawan radikal bebas. Berbagai macam olahan berasal dari bahan baku labu kuning dan telah lama dikenal oleh masyarakat, seperti tepung labu, sayur labu dan kuaci. Namun, terjadi kendala penurunan produksi labu kuning pada tahun 2017 hingga 2019 sebesar 15,88% di mana produksi labu kuning pada tahun 2017 sebesar 566,845 ton sedangkan pada tahun 2019 hanya sebesar 407,963 ton. Peningkatan produksi perlu dilakukan melalui seleksi karakter tanaman yang dianggap unggul sebagai bahan pertimbangan terhadap peningkatan bobot buah. Penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa karakter peningkatan bobot buah berkaitan dengan hasil produksi sehingga bobot buah menjadi indikator penting dalam proses budidaya tanaman labu kuning. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari hubungan antara bobot buah dengan karakter agronomi pada tanaman labu kuning serta karakter yang memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap hasil tanaman labu kuning. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari sampai Mei 2023 di greenhouse berlokasi di Desa Dadaprejo, Kecamatan Junrejo, Kota Batu, Malang. Alat yang digunakan meliputi label, penggaris, timbangan analitik dan hand refractometer. Bahan yang digunakan meliputi dolomit, kompos, sekam bakar, tanah, insektisida, fungisida, pupuk urea, SP-27 dan KCl. Percobaan dilakukan dengan metode single plant yakni menanam dalam lingkungan pertanaman yang sama tanpa ulangan dan mengamati setiap individu tanaman. Benih yang digunakan adalah 6 galur generasi F3 Cucurbita maxima. Setiap galur dipilih 10 benih untuk ditanam satu tanaman per lubang tanam sehingga total tanaman sebanyak 60 tanaman. Karakter yang diamati meliputi umur bunga betina, luas daun, bobot buah, umur panen, panjang buah, diameter buah, tebal daging dan total padatan terlarut. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diuji dan dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi dan regresi. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah karakter bobot buah memiliki nilai korelasi positif dan negatif terhadap karakter agronomi. Karakter yang berkorelasi positif dengan bobot buah adalah luas daun, diameter buah, panjang buah, dan tebal daging buah, sedangkan karakter yang berkorelasi negatif dengan bobot buah adalah umur bunga betina dan umur panen. Analisis regresi menunjukkan nilai positif dan negatif pada karakter-karakter yang diamati. Hasil fungsi regresi menunjukkan nilai positif dan berpengaruh besar terhadap bobot buah adalah karakter luas daun dan diameter buah. Karakter diameter buah berpengaruh terhadap bobot buah sebesar 66,7% dan luas daun berpengaruh terhadap buah sebesar 56,38%. Dengan demikian, karakter luas daun dan diameter buah dapat dipilih sebagai karakter untuk seleksi peningkatan bobot buah tanaman labu kuning.
English Abstract
Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) is a crop from Cucurbitaceae family and has potential to be developed in Indonesia, because it can grow in tropical areas from the lowlands to the highlands. Pumpkin has higher of beta-carotene, amount to 19.9 mg per 100 g. However, consumption of this fruit-vegetable provides essential nutrients such as vitamin A and as an antioxidant against free radicals. Pumpkin have been utilized in different products, served as raw material such as pumpkin flour and consumed as soup or pumpkin seeds. The problem happened was a decreased pumpkin production from 2017 to 2019 and caused 15.88%. Pumpkin production in 2017 was 566,845 tons, while in 2019 was only 407,963 tons. Increased crop yield is required by selecting superior plant character, hence it can be as considered to improve fruit weight. Previous studies stated that fruit weight is required to increase crop yields, therefore fruit weight is an important indicator to improve in pumpkin cultivation. The aim of this study was to examine the association between fruit weight and agronomic characters of pumpkin and the impact agronomic characters on crop yields of pumpkin. The study was conducted from February to May 2023 in greenhouse located in Dadaprejo Village, Junrejo District, Batu City, Malang. The tools used were labels, ruler, analytical scale, and hand refractometer. The materials used are dolomite, compost, rice husk charcoal, soil, insecticide, fungicide, urea fertilizer, SP-27 and KCl. The seeds used were 6 lines of pumpkin generations F3 Cucurbita maxima. The study used single plant method that were planting in the same environment without repetition and observing each individual plant. Ten seeds were selected from each lines of pumpkin to be planted, one seed for one plant per planting hole for a total of 60 plants. Characters observed included days to first female flowering, leaf area, fruit weight, days to first harvest, fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness and total soluble solids. The data obtained were tested and analyzed using correlation and regression. Results showed that there were positive and negative correlation between fruit weight and agronomic characters. Characters that were positively correlated with fruit weight were leaf area, fruit diameter, fruit length, and flesh thickness. Characters that have negative correlation to fruit weight were days to first female flowering and days to first harvest. Regression function shows positive and negative values for the agronomic characters. Results indicated that there were positive and impact on fruit weight by character of leaf area and fruit diameter. The character of fruit diameter impact on fruit weight by 66.7% and leaf area impact on fruit weight by 56.38%. In conclusion, leaf area and fruit diameter were superior character for selection, principally as selected character for increasing pumpkin fruit weight.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040323 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2024 06:52 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Feb 2024 06:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/215429 |
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