Novanti, Alifah and .Prof. Cahyo Prayogo,, SP., MP., and Prof. Dr. I Made Sudiana,, M.Sc and Toga Pangihotan Napitupulu,, M.Sc., Ph.D. (2023) Pemanfaatan Bakteri Halotoleran untuk Meningkatkan Perutumbuhan Mangrove (Rhizophora apiculata) dan Padi (Oryza sativa) pada Tanah Salin. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salinitas merupakan masalah global yang dapat menurunkan kualitas tanah dan mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman. Salinitas di wilayah pesisir sangat terdampak oleh adanya peningkatan suhu global, dimana terdapat perubahan komposisi air laut karena penguapan yang berlebih. Kegiatan pertanian serta alih guna lahan juga mempengaruhi kadar garam di tanah. Intrusi air laut serta peningkatan kadar garam di tanah menyebabkan peningkatan salinitas tanah dan perubahan pada ekosistem di pesisir pantai, salah satunya adalah hutan mangrove. Permasalahan salinitas juga mengganggu petani pada daerah pesisir, salah satunya terhadap tanaman padi. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah pemanfaatan bakteri halotoleran yang berasosiasi dengan perakaran tanaman untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan bakteri halotoleran untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan mangrove dan padi pada tanah salin. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Oktober 2023 di Laboratorium Pusat Riset Mikrobiologi Terapan dan Rumah kaca Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Bogor. Sampel tanah mangrove didapatkan dari Taman Wisata Alam Angke Kapuk, Jakarta Utara. Penelitian terdiri dari tiga percobaan, yaitu isolasi dan seleksi bakteri, aplikasi pada mangrove, dan aplikasi pada padi. Aplikasi pada mangrove dilakukan dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan kombinasi salinitas tanah dan konsentrasi bakteri sebanyak 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu S0B0 (Salinitas 0%, bakteri 0 CFU/g tanah), S1B0 (Salinitas 20%, bakteri 0 CFU/g tanah), S2B0 (Salinitas 40%, bakteri 0 CFU/g tanah), S3B0 (Salinitas 60%, bakteri 0 CFU/g tanah), S0B1 (Salinitas 0%, bakteri 5 x106 CFU/g tanah), S1B1 (Salinitas 20%, bakteri 5 x106 CFU/g tanah), S2B1 (Salinitas 40%, bakteri 5 x106 CFU/g tanah), dan S3B1 (Salinitas 60%, bakteri 5 x106 CFU/g tanah). Aplikasi pada padi memiliki rancangan yang sama namun tingkat salinitas yang berbeda, yaitu PS0B0 (Salinitas 0%, bakteri 0 CFU/g tanah), PS1B0 (Salinitas 4.5%, bakteri 0 CFU/g tanah), PS2B0 (Salinitas 8%, bakteri 0 CFU/g tanah), PS0B1 (Salinitas 0%, bakteri 5 x106 CFU/g tanah), PS1B1 (Salinitas 4.5%, bakteri 5 x106 CFU/g tanah), dan PS2B1 (Salinitas 8%, bakteri 5 x106 CFU/g tanah). Parameter yang diamati meliputi parameter agronomi mangrove, parameter fisiologi, sifat kimia dan biologi tanah, serta parameter agronomi padi. Analisa data terdiri dari Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), uji lanjut DMRT 5%, uji korelasi, dan uji regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri halotoleran JRA5 dapat meningkatkan panjang akar sekunder mangrove hingga sebanyak 84% pada salinitas 20% dan 40% serta jumlah akar padi hingga sebanyak 62% pada salinitas 0% dan 4,5%. Bakteri JRA5 juga dapat menurunkan kadar prolin mangrove yang merupakan indikator tanaman tercekam hingga sebanyak 40% pada salinitas 0%, 40%, dan 60%. Aplikasi bakteri JRA5 juga berpengaruh dalam menurunkan EC dan salinitas tanah hingga sebanyak 23% pada salinitas 0%, 20%, dan 60%.
English Abstract
Salinity is a global problem that decreases soil quality and disrupts plant growth. Salinity in coastal areas is greatly increased due to the rise of global temperatures. In which evaporation caused changes to the composition of seawater. Agricultural activities and land use changes also affect salt levels in soil. An increase in soil salinity can cause changes in coastal ecosystems, one of which is the mangrove forest. Salinization also disturbs agriculture in coastal areas, one of which is rice crops. A suggestion that can be made is the utilization of halotolerant bacteria associated with plant roots to optimize plant growth. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the ability of halotolerant bacteria to increase the growth of mangrove and rice on saline soil conditions. This research was conducted from February-October 2023 at the Laboratory of Pusat Riset Mikrobiologi Terapan and the greenhouse of the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor. The sample of mangrove soil was obtained from Taman Wisata Alam Angke Kapuk, North Jakarta. The research consists of three experiments, which are isolation and selection of bacteria, application to mangrove, and application to rice. Bacteria application to mangrove was conducted using a Complete Randomized Design with combinations of soil salinity and concentration of halotolerant bacteria with 4 replications. The treatments used were S0B0 (salinity 0%, bacteria 0 CFU/g soil), S1B0 (salinity 20%, bacteria 0 CFU/g soil), S2B0 (salinity 40%, bacteria 0 CFU/g soil), S3B0 (salinity 60%, bacteria 0 CFU/g soil), S0B1 (salinity 0%, bacteria 5 x106 CFU/g soil), S1B1 (salinity 20 %, bacteria 5 x106 CFU/g soil), S2B1 (salinity 40%, bacteria 5 x106 CFU/g soil), and S3B1 (Salinity 60%, bacteria 5 x106 CFU/g soil). The bacteria application to rice has the same design with different salinity levels which are PS0B0 (salinity 0%, bacteria 0 CFU/g soil), PS1B0 (salinity 4.5%, bacteria 0 CFU/g soil), PS2B0 (salinity 8%, bacteria 0 CFU/g soil), PS0B1 (salinity 0%, bacteria 5 x106 CFU/g soil), PS1B1 (salinity 4.5 %, bacteria 5 x106 CFU/g soil), and PS2B1 (salinity 8%, bacteria 5 x106 CFU/g soil). The parameters observed include agronomic parameters of mangroves, physiological parameters, chemical and biological properties of soil, and agronomic parameters of rice. Data analysis was performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), post hoc test of DMRT 5%, correlation test, and regression test. The results of the research show that the halotolerant bacteria JRA5 can increase mangrove secondary root length by up to 84% on 20% and 40% salinity as well as rice root number by up to 62% on 0% and 4,5% salinity. Morover, JRA5 was able to reduce proline levels in mangrove which are the indicator of plant stress by up to 40% on 0%, 40%, and 60% salinity. Application of JRA5 can also improve soil characteristics by lowering EC and soil salinity by up to 23% at 0%, 20%, and 60% salinity.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 0523040321 |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2024 06:43 |
Last Modified: | 01 Feb 2024 06:43 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/215414 |
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