Peran Entrepreneurial Orientation Terhadap Adopsi Pertanian Berkelanjutan (Sustainable Agriculture Practices): Bukti Empiris Petani Padi Di Jawa Timur.

Shaleh., Mohammad Ilyas (2024) Peran Entrepreneurial Orientation Terhadap Adopsi Pertanian Berkelanjutan (Sustainable Agriculture Practices): Bukti Empiris Petani Padi Di Jawa Timur. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Pertanian memiliki peran penting dalam pelestarian lingkungan, tapi juga menyumbang pada berbagai masalah lingkungan seperti degradasi lahan dan polusi. Penggunaan nitrogen yang berlebihan, misalnya, dapat merusak kualitas tanah. Peningkatan masalah lingkungan dalam pertanian, termasuk pencemaran dan emisi gas, dapat memperparah pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim. Fenomena ini mengakibatkan penurunan produktivitas pertanian dan dampak negatif pada kualitas air dan lahan. Oleh karena itu, praktik Pertanian Berkelanjutan menjadi penting untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara hasil pertanian yang tinggi dan pelestarian lingkungan. Praktik-praktik Pertanian Berkelanjutan telah diterapkan di berbagai negara dengan variasi, seperti konservasi lahan, penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida organik. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi adopsi praktik ini oleh petani termasuk kebijakan publik, sosiodemografi, dan faktor intangible seperti Entrepreneurial Orientation. Entrepreneurial Orientation, yang melibatkan pengambilan risiko, inovasi, dan proaktifitas, telah terbukti berperan dalam pengambilan keputusan petani terkait inovasi dan adopsi teknologi. Namun, belum ada penelitian yang mengeksplorasi hubungan langsung antara Entrepreneurial Orientation dan adopsi Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Orientasi Kewirausahaan mempengaruhi Adopsi Sustainable Agriculture Practices pada Petani Padi di Jawa Timur. Dilakukan di Kabupaten Mojokerto dan Malang dengan 257 responden dari rumah tangga petani. Menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) untuk menyederhanakan data, Multivariate Probit untuk memeriksa dampak orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap pilihan praktik pertanian, dan Ordered Probit untuk mengukur tingkat adopsi petani. Hasil analisis menggunakan model multivariat probit menunjukkan bahwa sikap inovatif, proaktif, partisipasi sosial, tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman usahatani, luas lahan, pemilikan aset, dan kepemilikan lahan berpengaruh pada adopsi berbagai praktik pertanian berkelanjutan. Sikap inovatif dan proaktif cenderung mendorong adopsi varietas unggul, pupuk organik, serta pestisida organik, tetapi bisa menghambat adopsi rotasi tanaman. Partisipasi sosial mendukung adopsi konservasi lahan, pupuk organik, dan pestisida organik, namun dapat menghambat adopsi rotasi tanaman. Tingkat pendidikan yang tinggi mendorong adopsi pupuk organik, pestisida organik, dan tanaman pembatas. Pengalaman usahatani dapat mengurangi adopsi konservasi lahan dan pupuk organik, namun mendukung adopsi tanaman pembatas. Luas lahan memengaruhi positif adopsi pestisida organik. Pemilikan aset memiliki dampak negatif pada adopsi pupuk organik, sementara kepemilikan lahan berpengaruh positif pada adopsi konservasi lahan. Hasil analisis menggunakan model ordered probit menegaskan bahwa beberapa faktor memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap adopsi Sustainable Agriculture Practices di kalangan petani. Sikap inovatif, proaktif, partisipasi dalam komunitas pertanian, tingkat pendidikan, dan luas lahan pertanian secara individu memengaruhi kecenderungan petani dalam mengadopsi praktik-praktik berkelanjutan. Sikap inovatif dan proaktif cenderung meningkatkan adopsi Sustainable Agriculture Practices, sementara partisipasi dalam komunitas pertanian juga turut berkontribusi pada peningkatan adopsi tersebut. Sebaliknya, faktor-faktor seperti usia petani memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap adopsi Sustainable Agriculture Practices karena petani yang lebih tua cenderung kurang responsif terhadap perubahan, sedangkan pendidikan dan luas lahan memiliki dampak positif pada adopsi Sustainable Agriculture Practices.

English Abstract

contributes to various environmental issues such as land degradation and pollution. Excessive use of nitrogen, for example, can harm soil quality. The escalating environmental problems in agriculture, including pollution and gas emissions, can worsen global warming and climate change. These phenomena result in a decline in agricultural productivity and have negative impacts on water and land quality. Therefore, Sustainable Agriculture practices are essential to maintain a balance between high agricultural yields and environmental preservation. Sustainable Agriculture practices have been implemented in various countries with variations, such as land conservation, and the use of organic fertilizers and pesticides. Factors influencing the adoption of these practices by farmers include public policies, sociodemographics, and intangible factors such as Entrepreneurial Orientation. Entrepreneurial Orientation, involving risktaking, innovation, and proactiveness, has been proven to play a role in farmers' decision-making regarding innovation and technology adoption. However, there has been no research exploring the direct relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation and the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture. This study aims to investigate how Entrepreneurial Orientation influences the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices among rice farmers in East Java. The research was conducted in Mojokerto and Malang districts with 257 respondents from farmer households. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to simplify data, Multivariate Probit to examine the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on the choice of farming practices, and Ordered Probit to measure farmers' adoption levels. The analysis results using the multivariate probit model indicate that innovative and proactive attitudes, social participation, education level, farming experience, land area, asset ownership, and land ownership influence the adoption of various sustainable farming practices. Innovative and proactive attitudes tend to promote the adoption of superior varieties, organic fertilizers, and organic pesticides but may hinder the adoption of crop rotation. Social participation supports the adoption of land conservation, organic fertilizers, and organic pesticides but may hinder the adoption of crop rotation. Higher education encourages the adoption of organic fertilizers, organic pesticides, and cover crops. Farming experience can reduce the adoption of land conservation and organic fertilizers but supports the adoption of cover crops. Land area positively influences the adoption of organic pesticides. Asset ownership has a negative impact on the adoption of organic fertilizers, while land ownership positively influences the adoption of land conservation. The analysis results using the ordered probit model confirm that several factors significantly influence the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices among farmers. Innovative and proactive attitudes, participation in farming communities, education level, and farm land area individually affect farmers' tendencies to adopt sustainable practices. Innovative and proactive attitudes tend to increase the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices, while participation in farming communities also contributes to their increased adoption. On the other hand, factors such as farmer age have a negative impact on the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices because older farmers tend to be less responsive to change, while education and land area have a positive impact on the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices.

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	0524040007
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Magister Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian
Depositing User:	agung
Date Deposited:	01 Feb 2024 03:01
Last Modified:	01 Feb 2024 03:01
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/215308

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