Muhlas, Nur Rizkiya and Prof. Dr. Muchammad Ali Safa’at,, S.H., M.H., and Dr. Indah Dwi Qurbani,, S.H., M.H., (2023) Politik Hukum Pengisian Jabatan Hakim Konstitusi Di Indonesia. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pada tesis ini, penulis mengangkat permasalahan Politik Hukum Pengisian Jabatan Hakim Konstitusi di Indonesia. Pilihan topik tersebut dilatarbelakangi oleh tidak adanya uniformitas dalam mekanisme pengisian jabatan Hakim Konstitusi karena tidak ada standar baku yang tertulis dalam Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi. Konsekuensinya mekanisme pengisian jabatan Hakim Konstitusi dilaksanakan sesuai dengan standar dan penilaian subyektif dari masing-masing lembaga pengusung in casu Mahkamah Agung, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, dan Presiden. Sehingga prinsip pengisian jabatan Hakim Konstitusi yang diamanatkan dalam hukum positif yaitu akuntabel, transparan, obyektif, dan partisipatif belum tercapai. Mekanisme pengisian jabatan Hakim Konstitusi yang berlaku saat ini tidak selaras dengan prinsip negara demokrasi konstitusial yang seharusnya tercermin dalam prinsip-prinsip mekanisme pengisian jabatan Hakim Konstitusi dan membuka ruang adanya hakim yang tidak memiliki integritas tinggi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut di atas, karya tulis ini mengangkat rumusan masalah: (1) Apakah pengaturan pengisian jabatan hakim Konstitusi di Indonesia sudah sesuai dengan perspektif negara demokrasi konstitusional? (2) Bagaimana rekonstruksi pengaturan pengisian jabatan hakim Konstitusi Indonesia yang sesuai dengan perspektif negara demokrasi konstitusional di masa yang akan datang? Penelitian tesis ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan kasus (case approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan komparatif (comparative approach). Bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Analisa bahan hukum dilakukan secara preskriptif dan interpretatif. Argumentasi hukum dihasilkan dari hasil preskripsi mengenai benar atau salah, atau apa yang seyogyanya menurut hukum atau ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan terhadap sampel penelitian. Interpretatif bertujuan untuk melakukan pembahasan secara mendalam terhadap isi dari perundang-undangan. Dari hasil penelitian dengan metode di atas, penulis memperoleh jawaban atas permasalahan yang ada, yaitu: (1) Pengaturan tata cara pengisian jabatan hakim konstitusi di Indonesia belum dan cenderung mengesampingkan prinsip negara demokrasi konstitusional. Hal tersebut dikarenakan cara pengisian jabatan hakim yang tidak mencerminkan prinsip transparan, akuntabel, obyektif, dan partisipatif sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam hukum positif. Tidak adanya standar baku dalam pengisian jabatan hakim konstitusi juga membuka ruang pengisian jabatan yang hanya disandarkan pada tafsir subyektif masing-masing lembaga pengusung sehingga tidak ada transparansi dan partisipasi dari masyarakat. Hal ini bertentangan dengan prinsip negara demokrasi konstitusional. (2) Konstruksi baru tata cara pengisian jabatan hakim konstitusi berbasis prinsip negara demokrasi konstitusional: pertama, model seleksi Hakim Konstitusi dengan menggunakan panel seleksi baik oleh masing-masing lembaga pengusul Hakim Konstitusi ataupun panel seleksi dalam bentuk kesepakatan bersama lembaga pengusul xii Hakim Konstitusi; kedua proses rekrutmen dengan menggunakan panel seleksi yang jelas dan baku merupakan pemenuhan terhadap prinsip utama dalam pengisian jabatan hakim konstitusi yang diamantkan oleh Undang-undang Dasar dan Undang-undang Mahkamah Konstitusi yakni akuntabel (proses serta hasilnya dapat dipertanggungjawabkan), partisipatif (adanya keikutsertaan publik proses keseluruhan seleksi), obyektif (berdasar presentase kompetensi), serta transparansi (diketahui publik). Selain itu, kedudukan panel seleksi ini tidak bertentangan dengan Peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada, selama dimaknai tidak adanya kewenangan lembaga lain yang akan mereduksi kewenangan lembaga pengusul hakim konstitusi.
English Abstract
In this thesis, the author raises the problem of Legal Politics of Filling the Position of Constitutional Judges in Indonesia. The choice of this topic was motivated by the absence of uniformity in the mechanism for filling the positions of Constitutional Judges because there is no written standard in the Constitutional Court Law. Consequently, the mechanism for filling the positions of Constitutional Judges is carried out in accordance with the standards and subjective assessments of each proposing institution, in casu the Supreme Court, the House of Representatives, and the President. So that the principle of filling the position of Constitutional Judges mandated in positive law that is accountable, transparent, objective and participatory has not been achieved. The current mechanism for filling the positions of Constitutional Judges is not in line with the principles of a constitutional democratic state which should be reflected in the principles of the mechanism for filling the positions of Constitutional Judges and opening up space for judges who do not have high integrity. Based on the foregoing, this paper raises the following problem formulation: (1) Is the regulation for filling the positions of Constitutional judges in Indonesia in accordance with the perspective of a constitutional democracy? (2) How is the reconstruction of the arrangement for filling the positions of Indonesia’s Constitutional Judges in accordance with the perspective of constitutional democracy in the future? This thesis research uses normative juridical research methods with statutory approaches, case approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. The legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Analysis of legal materials is carried out prescriptively and interpretively. Legal arguments are generated from the results of prescriptions regarding right or wrong, or what should be according to law or statutory provisions for the research sample. Interpretive aims to conduct an in-depth discussion of the contents of the legislation. From the results of the research using the above methods, the authors obtained answers to the existing problems, namely: (1) The arrangements for filling the positions of constitutional judges in Indonesia have not tended to override the principles of a constitutional democratic state. This is because the way to fill the position of judge does not reflect the transparent, accountable, objective and participatory principles as mandated in positive law. The absence of standard standards for filling the positions of constitutional judges also opens space for filling positions that are based only on the subjective interpretation of each supporting institution so that there is no transparency and participation from the public. This xiv is contrary to the principles of a constitutional democracy. (2) New construction of procedures for filling the positions of constitutional judges based on the principles of a constitutional democratic state: first, the selection model for Constitutional Judges by using a selection panel either by each institution proposing Constitutional Justices or by the selection panel in the form of an agreement with the institutions proposing Constitutional Judges; secondly, the recruitment process using a clear and standardized selection panel is the fulfillment of the main principles in filling the positions of constitutional judges mandated by the Constitution and the Constitutional Court Law, namely accountability, participative, objective, and transparency. In addition, the position of the selection panel does not conflict with existing laws and regulations, as long as it is interpreted that there is no authority for other institutions that will reduce the authority of the institution proposing constitutional judges.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052301 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Ilmu Hukum |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ihwan |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jan 2024 07:27 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jan 2024 07:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/214611 |
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