Pengaruh Aplikasi Kombinasi POC dan Pupuk Anorganik Terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah, Serapan Unsur Hara, Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)

Dimas Dwi Laksono, Mochammad and Dr. Lenny Sri Nopriani, SP., MP and Syahrul Kurniawan, SP., MP., Ph.D (2023) Pengaruh Aplikasi Kombinasi POC dan Pupuk Anorganik Terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah, Serapan Unsur Hara, Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman jagung merupakan komoditas pangan penting setelah padi, jagung dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber karbohidrat, bahan makanan ternak dan bahan baku industri. Kebutuhan jagung meningkat 10-15% setiap tahunnya, maka pemerintah mencanangkan adanya intensifikasi guna meningkatkan produktivitas dan perluasan lahan produktif budidaya tanaman jagung. Upaya peningkatan produksi selalu diiringi dengan penggunaan pupuk, terutama pupuk anorganik yang digunakan secara berlebihan dan berlangsung selama bertahun-tahun yang dapat mengakibatkan menurunya produktivitas tanah suatu lahan yang merupakan salah satu gejala terjadinya degradasi lahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi kombinasi POC dan pupuk anorganik terhadap sifat kimia tanah, serapan unsur hara, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari hingga bulan Agustus 2022 yang berlokasi di Kebun Percobaan Agrotechnopark (ATP), Universitas Brawijaya, Desa Jatikerto, Kecamatan Kromengan, Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan analisis laboratorium dilakukan di Ruang Pengeringan dan Kimia Tanah Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Rancangan kegiatan penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi parameter tanaman dan tanah. Parameter tanaman meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, berat basah tongkol pertanaman, berat kering tongkol pertanaman, berat tongkol per petak dan per ha. Parameter tanah meliputi pH tanah, Ntotal, P-tersedia, dan K-dd. Analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Varience) uji lanjut berupa Uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) dengan taraf 5%, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis korelasi dan regresi. Aplikasi kombinasi pupuk anorganik dan POC berpengaruh nyata terhadap sifat kimia tanah (pH tanah, N-total, P-tersedia, K-dd) serta dapat meningkatkan serapan hara N, P, K tanaman jagung. Pertumbuhan tanaman jagung juga meningkat pada beberapa parameter meliputi tinggi tanaman (9 MST), jumlah daun (9 MST), diameter batang (9 MST), juga meningkatkan parameter produksi berupa berat kering per tanaman dan berat kering tongkol per petak maupun per hektar. N-total, serapan N, P, dan K mempengaruhi berat tongkol jagung per hektar masing-masing sebesar 55,52%; 49,78%; 44,78%; dan 38,63%. Kombinasi 75% NPK + 150% POC merupakan kombinasi dosis optimum di antara perlakuan lainnya yang efektif dalam mempengaruhi sifat kimia tanah, serapan unsur hara, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung

English Abstract

Corn is an important food commodity after rice, corn can be used as a source of carbohydrates, animal feed ingredients and industrial raw materials. The need for corn increases 10-15% annually, so the government has announced intensification to increase productivity and expand the productive area of corn cultivation. Efforts to increase production are always accompanied by the use of fertilizers, especially inorganic fertilizers which are used excessively and last for years which can result in decreased soil productivity of a land which is one of the symptoms of land degradation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of a combination of Liquid Organic Fertilizer and inorganic fertilizers on soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake, growth and production of corn plants. Research activities were carried out from February to August 2022 which are located at the Agrotechnopark Experimental Garden, Brawijaya University, Jatikerto Village, Kromengan District, Malang Regency. Laboratory analysis activities were carried out in the Drying and Soil Chemistry Room, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The design of research activities was carried out using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications. Parameters observed included plant and soil parameters. Plant parameters included plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, fresh weight of cobs planted, dry weight of cobs planted, cob weight per plot and per hectare. Soil parameters include soil pH, total-N, available-P, and K-dd. Data analysis was carried out using ANOVA (Analysis of Varience) advanced test in the form of a DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) test with a level of 5%, then correlation and regression analysis was performed. The combination application of inorganic fertilizers and Liquid Organic Fertlizer has a significant effect on soil chemical properties (i.e., soil pH, total-N, available-P, Kdd) and can increase the absorption of N, P, K nutrients from corn plants. Corn plant growth also increases in several parameters including plant height (9 WAP), number of leaves (9 WAP), stem diameter (9 WAP), also increased production parameters in the form of dry weight per plant and cob dry weight per plot and per hectare. N-total, uptake of N, P, and K influenced the weight of corn cobs per hectare each by 55.52%; 49.78%; 44.78%; and 38.63%. The combination of 75% NPK and 150% liquid organic fertilizer is an optimum dose combination among other treatments that are effective in affecting the nature of the soil, nutrient uptake, growth and production of corn plants.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052304
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah
Depositing User:	Annisti Nurul F
Date Deposited:	26 Jan 2024 00:51
Last Modified:	26 Jan 2024 00:51
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/213951

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