Fathah, Aulia Lanudia and M. Arif As’adi, S.Kel, M.Sc and Andik Isdianto, ST, MT (2022) Karang Keras (Scleractinia) di Perairan Barat Pulau Gili- Noko, Pulau Bawean, Indonesia. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pulau Gili-Noko adalah icon destinasi wisata pantai, snorkeling dan diving yang letaknya 4 km dari Pulau Bawean. Masyarakat lokal memanfaatkan Perairan Barat Pulau Gili-Noko untuk kegiatan wisata bahari, perikanan dan transportasi. Aktivitas yang semula berdampak kecil, lama kelamaan memberikan tekanan dan mempengaruhi kondisi terumbu karang terutama karang keras (Scleractinia) sebagai penyusun utama ekosistem. Tekanan pada karang keras akan mempengaruhi jumlah biota yang berasosiasi dengan karang dan menyebabkan perubahan struktur komunitas karang menjadi alga. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengatahui tutupan terumbu karang, keanekaragaman genus, dan distribusi karang keras (Scleractinia) di Perairan Barat Pulau Gili-Noko sebagai kawasan yang ramai dengan aktivitas lokal. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2021 di Perairan Barat Pulau Gili-Noko. Pengambilan data penelitian meliputi data tutupan karang dan parameter kualitas air seperti suhu, salinitas, DO, pH dan kecerahan. Pengambilan data terumbu karang dilakukan pada kedalaman 3 – 5 meter dengan metode Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) pada line transect sepanjang 50 meter dengan alat bantu underwater camera dan frame berukuran 58 x 44 cm. Hasil foto diolah menggunakan Software CPCe dan diidentifikasi bentuk pertumbuhan dan genusnya secara visual. Hasil pengolahan data kemudian dianalisis untuk mendapatkan tutupan karang hidup dan indeks ekologi (indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi). Terumbu karang pada 4 titik pengamatan dalam kondisi baik ditunjukkan dengan nilai persentase berkisar antara 50,87% (Titik 1)- 56,86% (Titik 2) dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 52,67%. Tutupan karang hidup yang tinggi disebabkan karena kualitas perairan yang masih baik untuk pertumbuhan karang serta aktivitas lokal yang masih menjaga terumbu karang. Secara keseluruhan, didapatkan 20 genus dari 9 famili. Interaksi antar genus seperti predasi, kompetisi dan jaring - jaring makanan labil dan didominasi oleh genus tertentu ditandai dengan nilai keanekaragaman sedang (1,51), keseragaman sedang (0,60) dan tingkat dominansi rendah (0,28). Acropora menjadi penyusun utama di Perairan Barat Pulau Gili-Noko dengan persentase 56,13%. Genus Acropora ditemukan dalam 2 lifeform yaitu Acropora Submassive (ACS) dan Acropora Tabulate (ACT) sebagai bentuk penyesuaian terhadap pertumbuhan di daerah terlindung dan zona reef flat dengan sedimentasi perairan yang rendah.
English Abstract
Gili–Noko Island is an icon for beach, snorkeling and diving destinations which is located 4 km from Bawean. The local communities very dependent the Western Waters of Gili-Noko on marine resources for fishing, tourism and ship transportation. Activities that initially have a small impact, over time will put pressure and affect the condition of coral reefs, especially hard corals (Scleractinia) as the main constituent of the ecosystem. Pressure of hardcoral will affect the organism that associated with corals and cause changes in the coral structure communities become algae. One of the conservation and damage control efforts in marine tourism area is regular monitoring to update data and find out the current condition of the Western Waters of Gili-Noko. This study aims to determine the coral cover, diversity of genera and distribution of stony coral (Scleractinia) in the Western Waters of Gili-Noko as a bustling area with local activities. The research was conducted in August 2021 in Western waters of Gili-Noko, Bawean. The data taken during the study included coral cover and water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH, DO and brightness. Coral reef data collection was carried out at a depth of 3-5 meters using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method on a 50 meter line transect using a underwater camera and frame measuring 58 x 44 cm. The photos were processing using Software CPCe and identified the lifeform and genus visually. The result of data processing were analysed to obtain coral cover and ecological index (diversity, eveness, dan dominance index). The coral reefs at 4 observation points are in good condition with live coral cover values ranging from 50.87% (Point 1) to 56.86% (Point 4) with an average value of 52,67%. The good condition of coral reefs is due to the good water quality and local activities that still maintain coral reefs. Overall, there were 20 genera from 9 families. Interactions between genera such as predation, competition, and food webs are less stable and dominated by certain genera characterized by moderate diversity values (1,51), moderate eveness (0,60) and low dominance levels (0,28). Acropora became the most common genera with percentage of 56,13%. Acropora Submassive (ACS) and Acropora Tabulate (ACT) became the more common lifeform. This lifeform as a form of adaptation to growth in the protected areas and reef flat zone with low water sedimentation.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522080639 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jan 2024 06:39 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jan 2024 06:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/213066 |
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