Ilham, Fahrul and Prof. Dr. Sc. Agr. Ir. Suyadi,, MS, IPU., ASEAN Eng and Prof. Dr. Ir. Gatot Ciptadi,, DESS., IPU., ASEAN Eng and Prof. Dr. Ir. Tri Eko Susilorini,, MP., IPM., ASEAN Eng (2023) Keragaman Fenotip dan Jarak Genetik Berdasarkan DNA Mikrosatelit Pada Kambing Lokal Gorontalo. Doktor thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan informasi karakter dan keragaman fenotip dan genetik kambing lokal Gorontalo serta jarak genetik dengan kambing Peranakan Etawah dan kambing Kacang di Provinsi Gorontalo. Lokasi penelitian tahap I di Provinsi Gorontalo dan tahap II di Laboratorium Bioteknologi Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Brawijaya. Total sampel pengamatan fenotip ketiga breed kambing lokal di Gorontalo adalah 262 ekor dan untuk genetik DNA Mikrosatelit 126 ekor. Metode penelitian survai, penentuan lokasi purposive, penentuan sampel accidental sampling dan snowball sampling. Analisis data menggunakan software statistik SPSS 16, Microsoft Excel 2019, dan PoGene-32. Hasil analisis fenotip kualitatif yang dominan pada kambing lokal Gorontalo adalah warna rambut coklat, kombinasi warna rambut coklat-putih, profil hidung cembung, telinga setengah menjuntai, bertanduk, dan tidak berjanggut. Sebaran frekuensi dan distribusi fenotip kualitatif, bobot badan, dan ukuran tubuh kambing lokal Gorontalo lebih variatif dibandingkan kambing Peranakan Etawah dan Kacang. Variabel terbaik untuk membedakan 3 kambing lokal di Gorontalo adalah panjang telinga dan lebar dada. Fenotip ukuran tubuh kambing lokal Gorontalo lebih dekat kambing Kacang, demikian pula genetik DNA mikrosatelit lebih dekat kepada kambing Kacang. Indeks tubuh kambing lokal Gorontalo mengindikasikan sebagai tipe pedaging dengan bentuk tubuh medium, tubuh panjang, dan kaki tinggi. Penciri tubuh kambing lokal Gorontalo pada komponen utama I lebar dada dan komponen utama II panjang telinga. Ukuran tubuh pada komponen I dan II berpengaruh simultan terhadap bobot badan dengan koefisien determinasi (Rsquare) 0,80. Ukuran tubuh pada komponen I (lingkar dada, dalam dada, panjang badan, lebar dada, tinggi pundak, tinggi pinggang) memiliki kontribusi lebih besar terhadap bobot badan dibanding komponen II. Lingkar dada memiliki nilai korelasi tertinggi terhadap bobot badan sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi. DNA mikrosatelit pada lokus OarFCB20, MCM527, ILSTS011 kambing lokal Gorontalo bersifat polimorfik sehingga memungkinkan dilaksanakan seleksi.
English Abstract
This study aimed to obtain information on the characteristics, phenotype, and genetic diversity of the local Gorontalo goats and the genetic distance between the Etawah Crossbreed and Kacang goats in Gorontalo Province. The research location for Phase I was Gorontalo Province, and Phase II was at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya. The total number of samples used to observe the phenotype of the three local goat breeds in Gorontalo was 262 and 126 for microsatellite DNA genetics. The research method is a survey that determines the location using the purposive method and determines the sample by accidental sampling and snowball sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16, Microsoft Excel 2019, and PopGene-32. The qualitative phenotypic results in local Gorontalo goats were brown hair color, brown-white hair color combination, convex nose profile, half-hanging ears, horns, and no beards. The frequency distribution of qualitative phenotypes, body weight, and body measurements of the local Gorontalo goats were more varied than the Etawah Crossbreed and Kacang goats. The best variables for differentiating the three local goats in Gorontalo were ear length and chest width. The body measurement phenotype of the local Gorontalo goat is closer to that of the Kacang goat, and microsatellite DNA genetics is closer to that of the Kacang goat. The body index of local Gorontalo goats indicates a type of meat with a medium body shape, a long body, and high legs. The body markers of local Gorontalo goats were principal component I (chest width) and principal component II (ear length). Body measurements in principal components I and II simultaneously influenced body weight, with a coefficient of determination (R-square) of 0.80. Body measurement in principal component I (chest girth, chest depth, body length, chest width, shoulder height, and waist height) contributed more significantly to body weight than in principal component II. Chest girth has the highest correlation value with body weight; therefore, it can be used as a selection criterion. Microsatellite DNA at the loci OarFCB20, MCM527, and ILSTS011 in local Gorontalo goats is polymorphic, which allows selection to be carried out.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doktor) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 062305 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Polimorfisme, indeks tubuh, korelasi, seleksi, alel |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Doktor Ilmu Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jan 2024 06:12 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Jan 2024 06:12 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/213029 |
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