Apriadi., Yohanes and Dr. Alfi Haris Wanto,, S.AP., M.AP., MMG. and Asti Amelia Novita,, S.AP., M.AP., Ph.D (2023) Pemetaan Wilayah Adat Dalam Perspektif Collaborative Governance (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Sorong Selatan). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
mendeskripsikan aspek collaborative governance menurut Ansel dan Gash (2008) yang berfokus pada kondisi awal, desain kelembagaan, kepemimpinan fasilitatif, proses kolaborasi serta menganalisis faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat dalam pemetaan wilayah adat di Sorong Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan orientasi pada studi etnografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Hubermen yang terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi awal dalam pemetaan wilayah adat yang dilakukan di Sorong Selatan terdapat ketidakseimbangan sumberdaya antara para pihak, terutama dalam hal penganggaran, sumberdaya manusia dan prasarana sarana teknis. Selain itu, terdapat insentif kolektif diantara para pihak, tetapi ada pula insentif yang berbeda sesuai dengan tugas, fungsi dan kewenangan para pihak. Dalam kolaborasi pemetaan wilayah adat di Sorong Selatan juga terdapat pengalaman kerjasama dan konflik masa lalu antara para pihak. Dalam kolaborasi pemetaan wilayah adat di Sorong Selatan, NGO lah yang menjalankan peran kepemimpinan fasilitatif. Desain kelembagaan kolaborasi dilaksanakan secara terbuka, partisipatif dan inklusif dengan melibatkan para pihak yang terdiri dari Pemerintah Daerah Sorong Selatan, NGO Econusa dan Konservasi Indonesia serta Masyarakat Adat Tehit sesuai dengan sumberdaya dan tugas serta fungsi yang dimiliki. Dalam kolaborasi dibentuk forum terbatas yang melegitimasi keterlibatan para pihak untuk bekerja bersama mencapai tujuan melalui tata kelola jaringan. Dalam kolaborasi pemetaan wilayah adat di Sorong Selatan juga disepakati aturan dasar sebagai panduan dalam pelaksanaan maupun sebagai sarana membangun kepercayaan juga sebagai komitmen bersama. Proses pengambilan keputusan dalam forum kolaborasi dilakukan secara transparan, terbuka dan inklusif. Dalam proses kolaborasi pemetaan wilayah adat di Sorong Selatan dilakukan dialog tatap muka antara para pihak melalui forum sosialisasi, koordinasi, diskusi, FGD, pelatihan maupun pertemuanpertemuan lainnya sebagai sarana membangun kepercayaan dan berbagi pemahaman serta visi bersama dalam mewujudkan konsesus. Komitmen menjalani proses diwujudkan oleh para pihak melalui pencapaian tujuan kolektif, yakni tersedianya peta wilayah adat sebagai dasar intervensi kebijakan dan pengambilan keputusan yang disepakati oleh para pihak melalui xii penandatanganan pengesahan draft peta wilayah adat oleh Masyarakat Adat Tehit dan Pemerintah daerah Sorong Selatan. Hasil sementara dari proses kolaborasi pemetaan wilayah adat di Sorong Selatan adalah tersedianya draft peta wilayah adat dan draft perda pengakuan MHA serta dokumen antropologi dan sosiologi Masyarakat Adat Tehit Mlakya. Terdapat beberapa faktor pendorong penting dalam kolaborasi pemetaan wilayah adat di Sorong Selatan, yakni (1) Adanya forum terbatas yang memiliki sumberdaya berbeda untuk berkolaborasi; (2) Adanya pemahaman, tujuan dan manfaat sebagai insentif kolektif yang membentuk motivasi para pihak; (3) Pemetaan wilayah adat merupakan konsep baru di Sorong Selatan; dan (4) Adanya kerangka kebijakan peraturan perundangundangan yang memberi arahan terhadap perlindungan MHA. Selain faktor pendukung, terdapat juga faktor penghambat, yakni (1) Belum adanya komitmen dan fokus Pemerintah Daerah Sorong Selatan dalam mengafirmasi MHA; (2) Lemahnya koordinasi antara para pihak; (3) Adanya sengketa batas wilayah antar marga atau sub suku; (4) Adanya wilayah adat yang sulit dijangkau; dan (5) Tumpang tindih wilayah adat dengan kawasan hutan. Dalam penelitian ini disarankan kepada para pihak, terutama Pemerintah Daerah Sorong Selatan untuk perlu mengembangkan strategi pendekatan collaborative governance dalam memotret aktivitas masyarakat adat serta menyusun strategi pemetaan wilayah adat untuk perlindungan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat adat dan ruang hidupnya sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan.
English Abstract
collaborative governance according to Ansel and Gash (2008) which focuses on initial conditions, institutional design, facilitative leadership, collaboration processes as well as analyzing supporting and inhibiting factors in mapping traditional areas in South Sorong. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach with an orientation towards ethnographic studies. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Hubermen model which consists of data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the initial conditions in the traditional area mapping carried out in South Sorong were an imbalance of resources between the parties, especially in terms of budgeting, human resources and technical infrastructure. Apart from that, there are collective incentives between the parties, but there are also different incentives according to the duties, functions and authority of the parties. In the collaborative mapping of traditional areas in South Sorong there were also experiences of past collaboration and conflict between the parties. In the collaborative mapping of traditional areas in South Sorong, NGOs were the ones who carried out a facilitative leadership role. The collaborative institutional design was carried out in an open, participatory and inclusive manner by involving parties consisting of the South Sorong Regional Government, NGO Econusa and Indonesian Conservation as well as the Tehit Indigenous Community in accordance with their resources and duties and functions. In collaboration, a limited forum is formed which legitimizes the involvement of parties to work together to achieve goals through network governance. In the collaboration on mapping traditional areas in South Sorong, basic rules were also agreed upon as a guide for implementation and as a means of building trust as well as a joint commitment. The decision-making process in the collaboration forum is carried out in a transparent, open and inclusive manner. In the collaborative process of mapping traditional areas in South Sorong, face-to-face dialogue was carried out between the parties through socialization forums, coordination, discussions, FGDs, training and other meetings as a means of building trust and sharing understanding and a common vision in realizing consensus.The commitment to undergo the process is realized by the parties through achieving collective goals, namely the availability of a map of the traditional territory as a basis for policy intervention and decision making agreed upon by the parties through the signing of the ratification of the draft map of the traditional territory by the Tehit Indigenous Community and the South Sorong regional government. The interim results of the collaborative xiv process of mapping traditional territories in South Sorong are the availability of a draft traditional territory map and a draft regional regulation on recognizing MHA as well as anthropological and sociological documents of the Tehit Mlakya Indigenous Community. There are several important driving factors in collaborative mapping of traditional areas in South Sorong, namely (1) The existence of limited forums that have different resources for collaboration; (2) There is understanding, goals and benefits as collective incentives that shape the motivation of the parties; (3) Mapping traditional territories is a new concept in South Sorong; and (4) The existence of a legal and regulatory policy framework that provides direction for the protection of MHA. Apart from supporting factors, there are also inhibiting factors, namely (1) There is no commitment and focus from the South Sorong Regional Government in affirming MHA; (2) Weak coordination between the parties; (3) There are territorial boundary disputes between clans or sub-tribes; (4) There are traditional areas that are difficult to reach; and (5) Overlapping of customary areas with forest areas. In this research, it is recommended to parties, especially the South Sorong Regional Government, that they need to develop a collaborative governance approach strategy in photographing the activities of indigenous communities and developing a strategy for mapping traditional areas for the protection and empowerment of indigenous communities and their living spaces in accordance with statutory regulations.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052303 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi > Ilmu Administrasi Publik / Negara |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username suprihatin |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Jan 2024 07:19 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jan 2024 07:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/212520 |
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