Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Hama Ordo Hemiptera pada Sistem Pertanian Padi Kompleks di Desa Sukorejo Kabupaten Malang. Dibawah

Annisa., Shafira Izza and Dr. Akhmad Rizali SP., M.Si, SP., M.Si (2022) Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Hama Ordo Hemiptera pada Sistem Pertanian Padi Kompleks di Desa Sukorejo Kabupaten Malang. Dibawah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman padi ialah salah satu komoditas yang paling banyak dibudidayakan khususnya di wilayah pedesaan di Indonesia. Hal tersebut menyebabkan padi menjadi makanan pokok bagi masyarakat. Walaupun terjadi peningkatan produksi padi pada tahun 2021 dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya, budidaya tanaman padi selalu dihadapkan dengan permasalahan yaitu serangan hama. Tingginya populasi hama seringkali menimbulkan kerusakan dan kerugian pada hasil panen tanaman padi. Sehingga dari permasalahan tersebut, para petani mulai mengaplikasikan sistem pertanian padi kompleks. Sistem pertanian ini merupakan inovasi dalam budidaya tanaman padi dengan mengintegrasikan beberapa komponen seperti azolla, ikan, bebek, dan tanaman pematang. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pertanian padi kompleks terhadap keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan hama dari Ordo Hemiptera. Penelitian dilakukan mulai dari bulan Desember 2021 hingga April 2022 di Desa Sukorejo, Kabupaten Malang. Lahan terbagi menjadi lahan padi dengan perlakuan monokultur, dan sistem pertanian padi kompleks yang mengintegrasikan padi, para-para tanaman gambas dan labu, ikan, serta azolla. Pengambilan sampel hama dilakukan 3 kali pada saat padi berumur 7, 9, dan 11 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Pengambilan sampel hama dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara langsung, menggunakan perangkap umpan kepiting dan juga metode farmcop. Metode farmcop menggunakan vacuum cleaner untuk menghisap serangga pada rumpun tanaman padi. Spesimen yang diperoleh disortir dan dianalisis hingga tingkat spesies. Data penunjang meliputi data suhu dan kelembapan yang mana didapatkan dari data BMKG Kota Malang. Setelah itu dilakukan wawancara kepada petani pemilik lahan untuk mendapatkan data sejarah lahan. Perbedaan perlakuan padi monokultur dan padi kompleks dianalisis dengan analisis ragam. Selain itu juga dilakukan analisis regresi untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu, kelembapan, serta keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan serangga predator yang ada di lahan. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, total serangga yang diperoleh yaitu 598 individu yang terdiri dari 3 spesies yaitu Leptocorisa acuta, Nezara viridula, dan Nilaparvata lugens. Keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan hama tertinggi terdapat pada lahan dengan perlakuan padi + ikan + azolla. Dari hasil analisis ragam, kelimpahan hama hemiptera tidak dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan monokultur maupun perlakuan sistem pertanian kompleks lainnya. Selain itu, kelimpahan hama L. acuta paling banyak ditemukan pada perlakuan padi + ikan + azolla terutama saat tanaman padi berumur 9 mst. Selanjutnya, dari hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan hama L. acuta tidak berkorelasi dengan keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan serangga predator. Akan tetapi,

English Abstract

Rice is one of the most cultivated commodities, especially in rural areas in Indonesia. This causes rice to become a staple food for the community. Although there is an increase in rice production in 2021 compared to the previous year, rice cultivation is always faced with a problem, especially pest attacks. The high population of pests often causes damage and losses to rice crop yields. So from these problems, farmers began to apply complex rice farming systems. This agricultural system is an innovation in rice cultivation by integrating several components such as azolla, fish, ducks, and ripening plants. Therefore, this research was conducted to study the effect of complex rice farming on the diversity and abundance of hemiptera pest order. This research was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 in Sukorejo Village, Malang Regency. The land is divided into rice fields with monoculture treatment, and complex rice farming systems that integrate rice, gambas and pumpkin plants, fish, and also azolla. Sampling of pests has been done 3 times when the rice was 7, 9 and 11 weeks after planting (WAP). Pest sampling was accomplished by visual observation, using bait trap crab and the farmcop method. The farmcop method using a vacuum cleaner to suck insects in the clump of rice plants. The pests specimens were sorted and analyzed until species level. The supporting data such as temperature and humidity were obtained from Malang City BMKG, after that interviews were conducted with landowner farmers to obtain data about land history. The differences between monoculture and complex rice treatments were analyzed by analysis of variance. In addition, regression analysis was also carried out to determine the effect of temperature, humidity, as well as the diversity and abundance of predatory insects on the land. Based on the results of observations, the total insects obtained were 598 individuals which consisted of 3 species that is Leptocorisa acuta, Nezara viridula, and Nilaparvata lugens. The highest diversity and abundance of pests was found on land treated with rice + fish + azolla. From the results of analysis of variance, the abundance of hemiptera pests was not affected by monoculture treatment or other complex farming systems. In addition, the abundance of L. acuta was most abundant in the rice + fish + azolla treatment, especially when the rice plants were 9 WAP. Furthermore, the results of the regression analysis showed that the abundance of L. acuta did not correlate with the diversity and abundance of predatory insects. However, the abundance of L. acuta was correlated with temperature and humidity.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0522040640
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username nova
Date Deposited:	18 Jan 2024 04:05
Last Modified:	18 Jan 2024 07:12
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/211958

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Shafira Izza Annisa.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2024. Download (1MB)

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