Putra, Damarendro Wihadaru and Prof. Dr. Ir. Pitojo Tri Juwono, MT., IPU., ASEAN. Eng and Ir. Heri Suprijanto, MS (2023) Analisis Banjir akibat Keruntuhan Bendungan Kedung Bendo dengan Menggunakan HEC-RAS. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Air adalah kebutuhan utama bagi kelangsungan makhluk hidup, terutama manusia, yang memerlukan air dalam berbagai aktivitas harian maupun industri besar. Selain memiliki peran sosial, air juga memiliki signifikansi ekonomi, mengingat kebutuhannya yang tak tergantikan. Untuk menjaga pasokan air di masa depan, bendungan dibangun sebagai solusi. Bendungan tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai tampungan air, tetapi juga sebagai pengendali banjir, sumber energi listrik, penyedia air irigasi, dan tempat rekreasi. Namun, bendungan juga membawa risiko besar, terutama keruntuhan fisiknya yang dapat mengakibatkan aliran deras air ke hilir bendungan, berpotensi menyebabkan banjir dengan konsekuensi kerugian material dan korban jiwa. Oleh karena itu perlunya analisa dan simulasi pendugaan mengenai keruntuhan bendungan tak terkecuali di Bendungan Kedung Bendo yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Gunung Sari, Kabupaten Ngawi, Jawa Timur, memiliki kapasitas 2,46 juta m3 (per 2016). Keruntuhan bendungan umumnya disebabkan oleh overtopping, di mana air berlebih melalui puncak bendungan, menyebabkan erosi dan kelongsoran pada struktur. Bocoran pada tubuh bendungan juga bisa memicu keruntuhan dengan erosi buluh atau piping. Dalam studi ini menggunakan software HEC-RAS dan untuk analisis dan simulasi pendugaan mengenai keruntuhan bendungan. Software ini dikembangkan oleh US Army Corps of Engineers dan mampu menangani aliran unsteady flow dengan berbagai keunggulan dan menggunakan software Inasafe untuk analisa terdampak. Hasil analisis mencakup peta penyebaran genangan banjir, yang digunakan untuk menetapkan potensi daerah terdampak bencana serta rencana penyelamatan sesuai peraturan pemerintah No. 37 tahun 2017 mengenai bendungan. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi menggunakan aplikasi HEC-RAS, ditemukan bahwa debit banjir rancangan PMF mencapai 291,296 m³/det dan ukuran area terendam mencapai 12,976 km², dengan ketinggian air mencapai nilai maksimum hingga 28,025 m. Akibat runtuhnya Bendungan Pondok, sekitar 14 desa yang berlokasi di bawah bendungan (hilir) mengalami dampak, dan total penduduk yang berisiko terkena dampak mencapai sekitar 6.570 orang. Dampak ini mengakibatkan konsekuensi serius bagi masyarakat dan lingkungan yang berada di wilayah terdampak.
English Abstract
Water is a primary need for the survival of living beings, especially humans, who require water in various daily activities and large industries. In addition to its social role, water also has economic significance, given its irreplaceable need. To maintain water supply in the future, dams are built as a solution. Dams not only serve as water reservoirs, but also as flood control, sources of electrical energy, irrigation water providers, and recreational areas. However, dams also carry great risks, especially their physical collapse which can result in a heavy flow of water downstream of the dam, potentially causing flooding with consequent material losses and loss of life. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and simulate the estimation of dam break, including the Kedung Bendo Dam located in Bringin District, Ngawi Regency, East Java, which has a capacity of 2,46 million m3 (as of 2016). Dam break (failure) is commonly caused by overtopping, where excess water passes over the crest of the dam, causing erosion and settlement of the structure. Leaks in the dam body can also trigger collapse by reed or piping erosion. In this study, HEC-RAS software was used to analyze and simulate the estimation of dam break. This software was developed by US Army Corps of Engineers and is capable of handling unsteady flow with various advantages and using Inasafe for analyze impact of dam breach. The results of the analysis included a map of the distribution of flood inundation, which was used to establish potential disaster-affected areas as well as rescue plans in accordance with government regulation No. 37 of 2017 regarding dams. According to the outcomes of the simulation conducted with the HEC-RAS software application revealed that the peak design flood discharge was measured at 291,296 m³/s, covering an inundation area of 12,976 km². Moreover, the maximum inundation height recorded was 28,025 meters. Due to the simulation of the Pondok Dam break, it was observed that 14 villages located downstream of the dam were affected with a total population at risk of 6.570 people. This impact resulted in serious consequences for the local population and the surrounding environment in the impacted region.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052307 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Keruntuhan Bendungan, Overtopping, Piping, HEC-RAS, Analisa Banjir |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Pengairan |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username tunjungsari |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Jan 2024 07:50 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Jan 2024 07:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/211615 |
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