Purwati, Diyah and Nimas Mayang S., STP., MP., Ph.D. and Sakunda Anggarini, STP., MP., M.Sc (2023) Studi Potensi Endapan Hasil Pengolahan Limbah Industri Pengolahan Susu dan Biochar Limbah Pertanian (Sabut Kelapa dan Sekam Padi) Sebagai Pupuk Organik. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistika (BPS) tahun 2021 konsumsi susu di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,25% dibanding tahun sebelumnya, peningkatan konsumsi susu tersebut sejalan dengan peningkatan limbah yang dihasilkan. Limbah tersebut rentan terhadap bakteri patogen dan mudah mengalami kebusukan, sehingga dengan kandungan yang dimiliki seperti C, N, P dan K dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi pupuk organik. Pembuatan pupuk organik dari endapan limbah pengolahan susu membutuhkan bulking agent untuk mengumpalkan karena endapan tersebut masih mengandung air sekitar 80% bahkan lebih. Untuk itu digunakan biochar sekam padi dan sabut kelapa sebagai bulking agent. Biochar sekam padi dan sabut kelapa juga memiliki kandungan yang dapat meningkatkan karbon organik kompos. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan ratio biochar yang berbeda pada karakteristik pupuk serta menganalisis pengaruhnya jika diujikan pada perkecambahan tanaman coba (tomat). Faktor yang digunakan yaitu jenis biochar dan persentase penambahan biochar. Jenis biochar yang digunakan yaitu sekam padi dan sabut kelapa dengan konsentrasi penambahan 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%. Hasil penelitian yang akan diperoleh yaitu karakteristik sekam padi, sabut kelapa dan endapan limbah pengolahan susu. Selain itu juga diketahui karakteristik pupuk organik yang telah dibuat serta pengaruhnya terhadap perkecambahan pada tanaman coba (tomat). Berdasarkan SNI pupuk organik, nilai N, P, K pupuk organik yang dihasilkan masih dibawah standar. Kadar Fe, Zn, Mn dan pH pupuk organik telah memenuhi standar. Nilai germination index (GI) yang telah dihasilkan memiliki nilai diatas 100%, dengan nilai perlakuan tertinggi perlakuan P5 (100% biochar sekam padi) yaitu sebesar 146%. PKC pupuk yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 58%-90%, dengan nilai tertinggi pada P5. Perlakuan berbagai penambahan biochar berpengaruh nyata terhadap pupuk organik dari endapan limbah pengolahan susu dengan biochar sekam padi, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pupuk organik dari endapan limbah pengolahan susu dengan biochar sabut kelapa.
English Abstract
An increase in milk consumption by 4.1% increases the waste produced. The waste is susceptible to bacteria and is easily damaged so with its content such as C, N, P, and K, it can be used as organic fertilizer. Making organic fertilizer from sediments of milk processing waste requires bulking agents since the sediments still contain about 80% water and even more. For this reason, the biochar of rice and coconut husks is used as a bulking agent. Biochar husks of rice and coconut also have content that can increase organic carbon compost. This study aims to determine the influence of different types of biochar and ratios on fertilizer characteristics and analyze their effect if tested on the germination of experimental plants (tomatoes). The factors used are the type of biochar and the percentage addition of biochar. The types of biochar used are rice husk and coconut fiber with the addition concentration of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The results of the study that will be obtained are the characteristics of rice and coconut husk, and the sediments of milk processing waste. In addition, it is also known that the characteristics of organic fertilizers have been made and their effect on germination in experimental plants (tomatoes). Based on the SNI for organic fertilizers, the N, P, K values of organic fertilizers produced are still below standard. The levels of Fe, Zn and Mn did not exceed the standard maximum limits, while the pH of organic fertilizers was in accordance with the standards. The germination index (GI) value that has been produced has a value above 100%, with the highest treatment value being the P5 (100% biochar husks of rice) treatment, which is 146%. PKC fertilizer produced ranged from 58% -90%, with the highest value at P5. The treatment of various additions of biochar had a significant effect on organic fertilizer from milk processing waste sludge with rice husk biochar, but had no significant effect on organic fertilizer from milk processing waste sludge with coconut coir biochar.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052310 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Endapan Limbah Pengolahan Susu, Perkecambahan, Pupuk Organik-Biochar, Composting, Organic Fertilizer, Sludge |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email y13w@ub.ac.id |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Jan 2024 03:28 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Jan 2024 03:28 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210779 |
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