Kusumaningrum, Hemida and Prof. Dr. Ir. Agus Suryanto, MS and Paramyta Nila Permanasari, SP., M.Si (2023) Efisiensi Intersepsi Radiasi Matahari (Ei) pada Berbagai Mulsa dan Tata Letak Tanaman terhadap Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Kultivar Talenta Pertiwi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman jagung manis merupakan komoditas yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Budidaya jagung manis di Indonesia masih mengalami kendala yaitu penangkapan radiasi matahari yang rendah. Faktor radiasi matahari ini seringkali tidak dipedulikan oleh petani, sehingga berpengaruh buruk terhadap produksi tanaman jagung manis. Intensitas radiasi matahari yang jatuh di permukaan tanaman berhubungan erat dengan intersepsi radiasi matahari. Melihat permasalahan ini, upaya peningkatan Efisiensi Intersepsi radiasi matahari (Ei) pada tanaman jagung manis dapat diatasi dengan aplikasi berbagai jenis mulsa dan pengaturan tata letak tanaman. Dengan demikian, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari Efisiensi Intersepsi radiasi matahari (Ei) pada berbagai jenis mulsa dan tata letak tanaman yang tepat terhadap produksi tanaman jagung manis kultivar Talenta Pertiwi. Penelitian lapang dilaksanakan pada Januari sampai dengan April 2023 di kebun praktikum PSDKU Universitas Brawijaya, Kelurahan Mrican, Kecamatan Mojoroto, Kota Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan kombinasi perlakuan jenis mulsa dan tata letak tanaman sebagai berikut P1 = tanpa mulsa + baris tunggal, P2 = tanpa mulsa + baris ganda, P3 = mulsa jerami padi (MJP) + baris tunggal, P4 = mulsa jerami padi (MJP) + baris ganda, P5 = mulsa plastik hitam putih (MPP) + baris tunggal, P6 = mulsa plastik hitam putih (MPP) + baris ganda, P7 = mulsa plastik perak-perak (MPPP) + baris tunggal, P8 = mulsa plastik perak-perak (MPPP) + baris ganda, P9 = mulsa plastik hitam perak (MPHP) + baris tunggal, serta P10 = mulsa plastik hitam perak (MPHP) + baris ganda. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 30 petak percobaan. Variabel yang diamati pada jagung manis meliputi panjang tanaman, jumlah daun per tanaman, luas daun per tanaman, indeks luas daun, bobot kering tanaman, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, bobot segar tongkol dengan kelobot, bobot segar tongkol tanpa kelobot, serta Efisiensi Intersepsi radiasi matahari (Ei). Data hasil pengamatan dilakukan analisis ragam (uji F) dengan taraf 5% dan 1%. Hasil analisis ragam yang berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata jujur (BNJ) dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan kombinasi perlakuan berbagai jenis mulsa dan tata letak tanaman berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang tanaman, luas daun per tanaman, indeks luas daun, bobot kering total tanaman, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, bobot segar tongkol dengan dan tanpa kelobot, serta Efisiensi Intersepsi radiasi matahari (Ei). Pada kombinasi perlakuan MPPP + baris ganda dan MPHP + baris ganda mampu menghasilkan nilai Ei sebesar 80,08% dan 82,12%. Kombinasi perlakuan MPPP + baris ganda dan MPHP + baris ganda juga mampu menghasilkan produksi berupa bobot segar tongkol dengan kelobot sebesar 29,94 ton.ha-1 dan 30,03 ton.ha-1, serta mampu menghasilkan produksi bobot segar tongkol tanpa kelobot sebesar 22,10 ton.ha-1 dan 22,76 ton.ha-1.
English Abstract
Sweet corn is a commodity that have high economic value. The cultivation of sweet corn in Indonesia still had problems, namely the capture of low solar radiation. This solar radiation factor is often ignored by farmers, so it adversely affects the production of sweet corn. The intensity of solar radiation falls on the surface of a plant is closely related to the interception of solar radiation. Seeing this problem, efforts to increase the efficiency of solar radiation interception on sweet corn plants are focused on which can be overcome by the application of various types of mulch and the application of plant layouts. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of solar radiation interception (Ei) on various types of mulch and the proper plant layout on sweet corn cultivar Talenta Pertiwi production. Field research was carried out from January to April 2023 in the research field PSDKU, Brawijaya University, Mrican Village, Mojoroto District, Kediri City. This research used a randomized block design with a combination treatment of types of mulch and plant layout as follows P1 = no mulch + single row, P2 = no mulch + double row, P3 = rice straw mulch + single row, P4 = rice straw mulch + double row, P5 = black and white plastic mulch + single row, P6 = black and white plastic mulch + double row, P7 = silver-silver plastic mulch + single row, P8 = silver-silver plastic mulch + double row, P9 = silver black plastic mulch + single row, and P10 = silver black plastic mulch + double row. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 30 combination treatment. Variables observed in sweet corn include plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, leaf area index, plant dry weight, plant growth rate, fresh weight of cobs with cornhusk, fresh weight of cobs without cornhusk, and observation of solar radiation interception efficiency (Ei). The observed data had analyzed for variance (F test) with a level of 5% and 1%. The results of the analysis of variance with a significant effect had followed by an honest significant difference test with level of 5%. The results showed that the use of combination treatments of various types of mulch and plant layout had a very significant effect on plant length, leaf area per plant, leaf area index, total plant dry weight, plant growth rate, fresh weight of cobs with cornhusk, fresh weight of cobs without cornhusk, and solar radiation Interception Efficiency (Ei). In the combination treatment of silver-silver plastic mulch and silver black plastic mulch with double row had able to increase the Ei value by 80,08% and 82,12%. The combination treatment of silver-silver plastic mulch and silver black plastic mulch with double row had able to increase production in the form of cob fresh weight with cornhusk 29,94 ton.ha-1 and 30,03 ton.ha-1, and had able to produce fresh cobs without cornhusks 22,10 ton.ha-1 and 22,76 ton.ha-1.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ihwan |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Jan 2024 01:46 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Jan 2024 01:46 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210590 |
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