Kajian Strategi Nafkah Dan Resiliensi Rumah Tangga Nelayan Ikan Terbang (Patorani) (Studi Kasus: Nelayan Torani di Kabupaten Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan).

Firman, - and Prof. Dr. Ir. Keppi Sukesi,, MS, and Prof. Dr. Ir. Kliwon Hidayat,, MS. and Dr.Ir Edi Susilo,, MS. (2023) Kajian Strategi Nafkah Dan Resiliensi Rumah Tangga Nelayan Ikan Terbang (Patorani) (Studi Kasus: Nelayan Torani di Kabupaten Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan). Doktor thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Usaha penangkapan ikan terbang banyak dilakukan oleh nelayan yang berada di masyarakat pesisir Kabupaten Takalar, Kecamatan Galesong. Nelayan yang mencari telur ikan terbang lebih dikenal dengan istilah nelayan Patorani (Demmallino, 2018; Massenga, 2021; Syah et al., 2020; Wahyudin, 2016) (Arief, 2008). Kemampuan memanfaatkan ikan dan telur ikan terbang sudah menjadi tradisi dan warisan turun temurun bagi nelayan patorani. Kemampuan dalam mengoperasikan kapal, alat tangkap dan menemukan area fishing ground menjadi modal bagi nelayan patorani dalam memanfaatkan sumberdaya ikan dan telur ikan terbang. Telur ikan terbang (Cyselurus spp) merupakan primadona tersendiri bagi nelayan patorani di Kabupaten Takalar. Telur ikan terbang menjadi komoditas ekspor dengan negara tujuan Jepang dan Korea. Nelayan sebagian besar memiliki kerentanan yang cukup tinggi dan secara kemampuan ekonomi termasuk strata masyarakat ekonomi lemah atau miskin (Astuti et al., 2008; M Purnomo & Arya Hadi Dharmawan, 2007; Shaladdin et al., 2009; Widiyanto et al., n.d.), karena usaha masih tergolong tradisional (Ramadhan et al., 2014; Secelia Muswar & Satria, 2015; Surur, 2014) dan akses sumberdaya yang terbatas (Anwar, 2014; Widodo, 2009). Olehnya itu, perlu upaya memahami strategi nafkah pada keluarga nelayan dan resiliensi nelayan pada perubahan lingkungan menjadi sangat penting. Indonesia sedang mengalami bencana nasional non alam yakni pandemi Covid-19 bersama dengan negara-negara lain di dunia. Kondisi ini berdampak pada inisiatif pemerintah yang bertujuan untuk memitigasi konsekuensi buruk Covid-19. Pandemi covid-19 yang telah ditetapkan sebagai bencana nasional telah diatur dalam Perpres Nomor 12 Tahun 2020. Satuan tugas atau Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19 dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mengoordinasikan kemampuan pusat dan daerah. Covid-19 telah berdampak pada berbagai bidang, terutama yang berhubungan dengan kehidupan masyarakat. Pandemi melemahkan sistem mata pencaharian dan mekanisme ketahanan penduduk yang terkena dampak. Patorani membangun adaptasi mereka sesuai dengan konteks kerentanan yang mereka alami (Halik et al., 2020; Sukesi et al., 2022). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kerentanan rumah tangga nelayan telur ikan terbang (patorani) , menganalisis strategi nafkah dan resiliensi rumah tangga nelayan telur ikan terbang (patorani).dan merumuskan model resiliensi rumah tangga nelayan telur ikan terbang (patorani). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan November tahun 2021 hingga Bulan April 2022 yang bertempat di Desa Pa’laklakang Kecamatan Galesong, Kabupaten Takalar. Hasil penelitian, kerentanan nelayan sebagai komunitas yang bergantung pada sumber daya di mana mereka tunduk pada tekanan dan guncangan eksternal, baik dalam bentuk sosial, ekonomi, dan kebijakan politik maupun bentuk variabilitas lingkungan (seperti iklim, cuaca, maupun sumberdaya ikan). Kerentanan rumah tangga patorani dipotret dalam bidang lingkungan, bidang ekonomi, kebijakan politik dan asset nafkah rumah tangga nelayan. Strategi

English Abstract

The fishermen in the coastal communities of Takalar Regency, specifically Galesong District, are known for their efforts in catching flying fish eggs. These fishermen, commonly referred to as Patorani fishermen (Demmallino, 2018; Massenga, 2021; Syah et al., 2020; Wahyudin, 2016) (Arief, 2008), rely on their ability to operate boats, use fishing equipment, and locate fishing grounds to earn a livelihood from fish and flying fish eggs. Flying fish eggs (Cyselurus spp) are a valuable commodity for Patorani fishermen in Takalar Regency, as they are exported to Japan and Korea. Most fishermen in this area face a high level of vulnerability and are classified as poor or low-income (Astuti et al., 2008; M Purnomo & Arya Hadi Dharmawan, 2007; Shaladdin et al., 2009; Widiyanto et al., n.d.) due to their reliance on traditional fishing practices (Ramadhan et al., 2014; Secelia Muswar & Satria, 2015; Surur, 2014) and limited access to resources (Anwar, 2014; Widodo, 2009). Therefore, it is crucial to understand the livelihood strategies employed by fishing families and the resilience of fishermen in the face of environmental changes. Indonesia, like many other countries, is currently grappling with the Covid-19 pandemic, which is considered a national disaster. The government has implemented initiatives to mitigate the negative consequences of Covid-19, as outlined in Presidential Regulation Number 12 of 2020. The establishment of the Covid-19 Handling Acceleration Force aims to coordinate the efforts of central and regional authorities. The pandemic has significantly impacted various aspects of community life, weakening livelihood systems and resilience mechanisms of affected populations. Patorani fishermen have adapted to the vulnerability they face in response to this context (Halik et al., 2020; Sukesi et al., 2022). The objective of this study is to describe the vulnerability, analyze the livelihood strategies, and examine the household resilience of flying fish egg fishermen (Patorani), ultimately developing a model for Patorani household resilience. The research was conducted from November 2021 to April 2022 in Pa’laklakang Village, Galesong District, Takalar Regency. The study results demonstrate that fishermen, as a community dependent on resources, face external pressures and shocks in the form of social, economic, and political policies, as well as environmental variability (such as climate, weather, and fish resources). Patorani households' vulnerability is reflected in their environmental circumstances, economic conditions, political policies, and livelihood assets. Patorani households employ various livelihood strategies, including survival strategies, consolidation strategies, accumulation strategies, and migration. Based on the earlier minor propositions, the major propositions are as follows: 1) Patorani households with robust resource collection and high

Item Type:	Thesis (Doktor)
Identification Number:	062304
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Doktor Ilmu Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username chikyta
Date Deposited:	15 Jan 2024 08:19
Last Modified:	15 Jan 2024 08:19
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210429

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