HANIM,, FARIDHA and Prof. Dr. Ir. Kliwon Hidayat,, MS and Dr. Asihing Kustanti,, S.Hut., M.Si (2023) Strategi Pemulihan Nafkah Rumahtangga Petani di Kawasan Desa Wisata Pasca Pandemi Covid- 19 (Studi Kasus Desa Gubugklakah Kecamatan Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pengembangan pariwisata sebagai upaya mengentaskan kemiskinan masyarakat pertanian pedesaan telah direspon sejak belasan tahun yang lalu, melalui Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) Mandiri, termasuk pada akronim sektoralnya yaitu PNPM Mandiri Pariwisata. Pada program tersebut, fokus pada pengembangan kawasan desa wisata sehingga berpeluang bagi rumahtangga petani untuk mendiversifikasikan nafkahnya pada sektor pariwisata. Namun perubahan tersebut apabila tidak dikelola secara berlanjut, menimbulkan permasalahan baru pada tingkat yang lebih beresiko yaitu bahaya krisis (rizk hazard) bagi rumahtangga petani. Fenomena tersebut terjadi pada dua tahun terakhir (2020-2022), program desa wisata yang banyak digalakkan saat ini mengalami efek kumulatif disebabkan oleh hadirnya pandemi Covid-19 sehingga menimbulkan kerentanan pada berbagai aktivitas nafkah, termasuk nafkah pertanian dan pariwisata. Strategi pemulihan rumahtangga petani sebagai upaya “membangun kembali lebih baik” atau dikenal sebagai Build Back Better pasca pandemi Covid-19 berkontribusi terhadap aktivitas nafkah rumahtangga petani yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain, (1) mengidentifikasi makna kerentanan nafkah rumahtangga petani Desa Gubugklakah sebelum, selama, dan setelah pandemi Covid-19, (2) menganalisis strategi nafkah rumahtangga petani di Desa Gubugklakah sebelum, selama, dan setelah pandemi Covid-19, (3) Mengeksplorasi kolaborasi dengan stakeholder terkait pertumbuhan lapangan kerja oleh, dari, dan untuk rumahtangga petani di Desa Gubugklakah sebelum, selama, dan setelah pandemi Covid-19, dan (4) merumuskan strategi nafkah berkelanjutan yang dilakukan oleh rumahtangga petani melalui implementasi build back better di Desa Gubugklakah Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif-eksploratif. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi kasus dengan teknik penentuan informan kunci secara pusposive dan informan pendukung secara snowball sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara indepth interview, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan model interaktif oleh Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang terdiri dari kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan 2 teknik triangulasi, yaitu triangulasi metode dan sumber data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerentanan nafkah pertanian dimaknai oleh rumahtangga petani di Desa Gubugklakah sebagai suatu hal yang diterima dengan wajar yang terjadi dalam suatu aktivitas nafkah. Kerentanan nafkah pertanian rentan terhadap perubahan kondisi lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi, sehingga kerentanan nafkah pertanian dinilai sebagai pengalaman dan pembelajaran berusahatani. Oleh karena itu, kerentanan nafkah pertanian dapat membentuk mental petani untuk mempertahankan nafkah pertaniannya selama tidak merugi. Apabila ditemukan kerugian, maka rumahtangga petani memaknai kerentanan nafkah sebagai suatu hal yang perlu ditanggapi dengan beragam strategi nafkah, baik intensifikasi maupun diversifikasi nafkah ke sektor nonpertanian, seperti nafkah pariwisata. Sementara itu, rumahtangga petani terlibat wisata Desa Gubugklakah memaknai kerentanan nafkah pariwisata sebagai dasar evaluasi pengembangan wisata. Sama halnya dengan kerentanan nafkahi
English Abstract
Tourism development as an effort to alleviate poverty in rural agricultural communities has been responded to since a dozen years ago, through the National Program for Community Empowerment (PNPM) Mandiri, including its sectoral acronym, PNPM Mandiri Tourism. In this program, the focus is on the development of tourism village areas so that there is an opportunity for farmers’ households to diversify their livelihoods in the tourism sector. However, if these changes are not managed sustainably, they can lead to new problems at a more risky level, namely the danger of crisis (rizk hazard) for farm households. This phenomenon has occurred in the last two years (2020-2022), the tourism village program that has been promoted at this time has experienced a cumulative effect due to the presence of the Covid-19 pandemic, causing vulnerability in various livelihood activities, including agricultural and tourism livelihoods. The recovery strategy of farmers’ households as an effort to "build back better" after the Covid-19 pandemic contributes to the sustainable livelihood activities of farmers’ households. The objectives of this study include (1) identifying the meaning of livelihood vulnerability of farmers’ households in Gubugklakah Village before, during, and after the Covid- 19 pandemic, (2) analyzing the livelihood strategies by farmers’ households in Gubugklakah Village before, during, and after the Covid-19 pandemic, (3) Exploring collaboration with stakeholders related to employment growth by, from, and for farmers’ households in Gubugklakah Village before, during, and after the Covid-19 pandemic, and (4) formulating sustainable livelihood strategies carried out by farmers’ households through the implementation of build back better in Gubugklakah Village. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-explorative research type. The research design used is a case study with the technique of determining key informants by pusposive and supporting informants by snowball sampling. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies. Data analysis in this study used an interactive model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana consisting of data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was carried out with two type of triangulation techniques, namely triangulation of methods and data sources. The results showed that the vulnerability of agricultural livelihoods is interpreted by farmers’ households in Gubugklakah Village as something that is expected to occur in a livelihood activity. Agricultural livelihood vulnerability is susceptible to changes in environmental, social, and economic conditions, so that agricultural livelihood vulnerability is considered an experience and learning in farming. Therefore, the vulnerability of agricultural livelihoods can shape farmers' mentality to maintain their agricultural livelihoods as long as they do not lose money. If losses are found, then farmers’ households interpret livelihood vulnerability as something that needs to be responded to with various livelihood strategies, both intensification and diversification of livelihoods into non-agricultural sectors, such as tourism livelihoods. Meanwhile, farmers’ households involved in tourism in Gubugklakah Village interpret the vulnerability of tourism income as a basis for evaluating tourism development. Similar to the vulnerability of agriculturali
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 042304 |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Sosiologi, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username chikyta |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jan 2024 06:19 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jan 2024 06:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210139 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Faridha Hanim.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |