Fahmilia Tutwuri Handayani. and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sitawati,, M.S. (2023) Optimalisasi Penggunaan Eco-enzyme dan Pupuk NPK Pada Tanaman Pacar Air New Guinea (Impatiens hawkeri Bull). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman Pacar Air New Guinea (Impatiens hawkeri Bull.) atau yang dapat disebut Impatiens New Guinea merupakan salah satu tanaman hias bunga yang memiliki warna bunga, bentuk bunga, bentuk daun yang sangat menarik. Usaha tani tanaman Impatiens di desa Dukuhklopo, Kecamatan Peterongan memiliki nilai Benefit Cost ratio atau B/C sebesar 1,57 yang berarti usaha tersebut layak untuk usaha tani. Usaha tani budidaya Impatiens New Guinea memiliki kelayakan, jadi harus ditingkatkan pertumbuhan dan pembungaannya untuk memenuhi permintaan yang harapannya nanti terus naik. Simbolon (2022) telah melakukan percobaan terkait konsentrasi eco-enzyme dan dosis pupuk NPK pada tanaman Impatiens New Guinea. Konsentrasi dan dosis pupuk memberikan pengaruh pada pertumbuhan, namun belum menunjukan hasil yang optimal. Pengoptimalan penggunaan konsentrasi eco-enzyme untuk mengurangi penggunaan pupuk NPK pada tanaman Impatiens New Guinea perlu dilanjutkan percobaannya, hal ini untuk menekan penggunaan pupuk NPK dengan pengaplikasian eco-enzyme yang lebih ramah dan tidak meninggalkan residu pada tanah. Adapun hipotesis dari percobaan ini yakni terdapat interaksi konsentrasi eco-enzyme dan dosis pupuk NPK yang optimum dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan pembungaan tanaman Impatiens New Guinea. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2023 hingga bulan Mei 2023 yang berlokasi di Green House lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya yang terletak di Kelurahan Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Malang. Alat yang digunakan yakni timbangan analitik, SPAD klorofil, pH meter, gelas ukur, polybag 25x25 cm, dan kamera. Bahan yang digunakan yakni bibit tanaman Impatiens New Guinea (Impatiens hawkeri Bull.) varietas Imadata sebanyak 216 bibit, media tanam (tanah, cocopeat, sekam dengan perbandingan 1:1:1), eco-enzyme dengan konsentrasi 10 ml.l-1, 20 ml.l-1, dan 30 ml.l-1, pupuk NPK Mutiara 16:16:16 dengan dosis pupuk 4 g.tan-, 8 g.tan-1, dan 12 g.tan-1. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAK (Rancangan Acak Kelompok) dengan faktorial terdiri 2 faktor perlakuan yakni faktor eco-enzyme dengan 3 taraf dan faktor pupuk NPK dengan 3 taraf sehingga terdapat 9 kombinasi perlakuan. Seluruh perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali, dengan jumlah tanaman setiap perlakuan sebanyak 6, sehingga terdapat satuan perlakuan dengan total 162 tanaman. Pemberian pupuk diberikan 1 kali selama percobaan (awal tanam) dan pemberian eco-enzyme diberikan setiap satu minggu sekali selama percobaan. Variabel yang diamati ada dua yakni variabel pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif. Variabel vegetatif terdiri atas tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai.tan-1), luas daun (cm2.tan-1), jumlah cabang tanaman (cabang.tan-1), lebar kanopi tanaman (cm2.tan-1), dan indeks klorofil (unit). Variabel generatif terdiri atas waktu muncul bunga (hst), dan jumlah bunga total (kuntum.tan-1). Analisis data yang digunakan yakni analisis ragam ANOVA kemudian jika terdapat beda nyata di pengamatan terakhir (49 hst) akan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ dengantaraf 5%. Hasil percobaan menunjukan terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan konsentrasi eco-enzyme dan dosis pupuk NPK Mutiara 16-16-16 pada variabel pertumbuhan panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, luas daun, waktu muncul bunga, dan jumlah total bunga tanaman impatiens. Pada perlakuan konsentrasi eco-enzyme 20 ml.l-1 dengan dosis pupuk 4 g.tan-1 menunjukan pertumbuhan paling tinggi pada variabel panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, luas daun, waktu muncul bunga, dan jumlah total bunga dibandingkan perlakuan lainya. Pemberian konsentrasi eco-enzyme 20ml.l-1 dengan dosis pupuk NPK 4 g.tan-1 meningkatkan pembungaan sebesar 22,79% dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi eco-enzyme 10 ml.l-1 dengan dosis pupuk NPK 4 g.tan-1.
English Abstract
Impatiens New Guinea (Impatiens hawkeri Bull.) or what can be called New Guinea Impatiens is an ornamental flower plant that has very attractive flower colors, flower shapes and leaf shapes. Impatiens crop farming in Dukuhklopo village, Peterongan District has a Benefit Cost ratio or B/C value of 1.57, which means the business is feasible for farming. Impatiens New Guinea cultivation farming is feasible, so its growth and flowering must be increased to meet the demand, which is expected to continue to increase in the future. Simbolon (2022) has conducted research related to eco-enzyme concentrations and doses of NPK fertilizer in New Guinea Impatiens. Fertilizer concentration and dosage have an effect on growth, but have not shown optimal results. Optimizing the use of ecoenzyme concentrations to reduce the use of NPK fertilizers in New Guinea Impatiens plants needs to be continued with research, this is to reduce the use of NPK fertilizers by applying eco-enzymes that are more friendly and do not leave residues on the soil. The hypothesis of this study is that there is an interaction of eco-enzyme concentrations and optimum NPK fertilizer doses that can affect the growth and flowering of New Guinea Impatiens plants. This research was carried out from February 2023 to May 2023 which is located at the Green House of the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University which is located in Jatimulyo Village, Lowokwaru District, Malang. The tools used were analytical scales, chlorophyll SPAD, pH meter, measuring glass, 25x25 cm polybag, and a camera. The materials used were Impatiens New Guinea (Impatiens hawkeri Bull.) plant seeds of the Imadata variety as many as 216 seeds, planting media (soil, cocopeat, husk with a ratio of 1:1:1), eco-enzyme with a concentration of 10 ml.l-1, 20 ml.l-1, and 30 ml.l-1, NPK Mutiara 16:16:16 fertilizer with fertilizer doses of 4 g.plant-1, 8 g.plant-1, and 12 g.plant-1. The research design used was RAK (Randomized Block Design) with factorials consisting of 2 treatment factors, namely the ecoenzyme factor with 3 levels and the NPK fertilizer factor with 3 levels so that there were 9 treatment combinations. All treatments were repeated 3 times, with the number of plants for each treatment being 6, so that there were treatment units with a total of 162 plants. Fertilizer was given once during the experiment (early planting) and eco-enzyme was given once a week during the experiment. There are two variables observed, namely the variables of vegetative and generative growth. Vegetatif variable consisted of plant height (cm), number of leaves (sheet.plant-1), leaf area (cm2.plant-1), number of plant branches (branches.plant-1), plant canopy area (cm2.plant-1 ), and chlorophyll index (unit). The generative variables consist of the time of flower emergence (day after planting) and the total number of flowers (florets.plant-1). The data analysis used was ANOVA analysis of variance then if there was a significant difference in the last observation (49 dap) it would be followed by the HSD (Honest Significant Difference) test with a level of 5%. The results showed that there was an interaction between the treatment of ecoenzyme concentrations and doses of NPK Mutiara 16-16-16 fertilizer on thegrowth variables of plant length, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, time of flower appearance, and total number of flowers of impatiens plants. In the treatment of eco-enzyme concentration of 20 ml.l-1 with a fertilizer dose of 4 g.tan- 1 showed the highest growth in variabels of plant length, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, time of flower appearance, and total number of flowers compared to other treatments. Administration of an eco-enzyme concentration of 20 ml.l-1 with a dose of 4 g.tan-1 NPK increased flowering by 22.79% compared to an eco-enzyme concentration of 10 ml.l-1 with a dose of 4 g.tan-1 NPK fertilizer .
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username chikyta |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jan 2024 04:06 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jan 2024 04:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210002 |
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