Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Kombinasi Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Stek Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) G0 Varietas Granola L

Ferdiana Fadhilah, Nurma and Dr. Anna Satyana Karyawati,, S.P., M.P. and Danang Widhiarso,, S.P., M.Sc. (2023) Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Kombinasi Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Stek Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) G0 Varietas Granola L. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kebutuhan kentang terus mengalami peningkatan. Sementara, hasil produksi tanaman kentang secara nasional dari tahun 2019 sampai tahun 2020, mengalami penurunan, yang mana produksinya pada tahun 2019 yaitu 1.314.657 ton menjadi 1.282.768 ton pada tahun 2020 (BPS, 2019; 2020). Rendahnya produksi kentang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh kualitas serta kuantitas benih yang belum terpenuhi. Kentang G0 ialah benih pemula yang merupakan turunan langsung dari plantlet hasil kultur jaringan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam produksi benih kentang generasi ke-0 (G0) yaitu jumlah umbi yang dihasilkan masih rendah. Upaya peningkatan benih kentang berkualitas terus dilakukan guna meningkatkan produksi benih G0, salah satunya dengan pemberian pupuk kandang. Sumber pupuk organik yang berbeda dapat memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kentang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan berbagai kombinasi pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kentang G0 varietas Granola L, menganalisis usahatani pada berbagai kombnasi pupuk kandang, serta mempelajari korelasi antara pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2023 di di PT BISI International Tbk. Farm Pujon yang berlokasi di Jl. Abdul Manan Wijaya Nomor 426, Ngroto, Pujon, Malang, Jawa Timur. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu bahan tanam kentang varietas Granola L, pupuk kandang ayam, pupuk kandang sapi, pupuk kandang kambing, arang sekam, cocopeat, pupuk NPK 16-16-16, seedbed, dan pestisida. Sementara, alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggaris, gunting, dan timbangan digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 13 taraf jenis pupuk kandang dan 3 ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 39 unit percobaan. Variebel yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah umbi per tanaman, berat umbi per tanaman, berat per umbi, grade umbi, dan analisis usahatani. Analisa data menggunakan uji analisis ragam pada Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan taraf 5%. Apabila berbeda nyata, dilakukan uji lanjut kontras ortogonal dengan taraf 5%. Hubungan antar karakter dianalisis menggunakan nilai koefisien korelasi Pearson 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk kandang sapi secara tunggal memberikan hasil yang lebih baik pada tinggi tanaman, luas daun, berat kering tanaman, berat umbi per tanaman, jumlah umbi per tanaman, dan persentase umbi standar. Biaya total yang dikeluarkan pada aplikasi pupuk kandang sapi tunggal lebih tinggi dibanding pupuk kandang lain, tetapi menghasilkan nilai kelayakan usahatani yang paling baik. Terdapat korelasi positif antara tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan luas daun terhadap kualitas dan kuantitas umbi kentang yang dihasilkan.

English Abstract

The need for potatoes continues to increase. Meanwhile, the production of potato plants nationally from 2019 to 2020 has decreased, of which production in 2019 was 1,314,657 tons to 1,282,768 tons in 2020 (BPS, 2019; 2020). One of the reasons for the low potato production is the quality and quantity of seeds that have not been met. G0 (zero generation) potatoes are starter seeds which are direct derivatives of plantlets resulting from tissue culture. The problem faced in the production of 0th generation potato seeds (G0) is that the number of tubers produced that are still low. Efforts to increase the quality of potato seeds continue to be carried out in order to increase the production of G0 seeds, one of which is by fertilizing. Different sources of organic fertilizers can have different effects on the growth and development of potato plants. The aim of this study is to studied the effects of addition of various manure combination on the growth and yield of potato G0 Granola L variety, studied farm business analysis for each manure treatments, and studied the correlation between plant growth and yield. This research was conducted from January to April 2023 at Greenhouse PT BISI International Tbk. Farm Pujon which is located on Jl. Abdul Manan Wijaya Number 426, Ngroto, Pujon, Malang, East Java. The materials used were potato planting material of the Granola L variety, chicken manure, cow manure, goat manure, husk charcoal, cocopeat, NPK 16-16-16 fertilizer, seedbed, and pesticides. Meanwhile, the tools used in this study were rulers, scissors, and digital scales. This study used a randomized block design with 13 levels of manure types and 3 replications, so that 39 experimental units were obtained. Variables observed includes plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of tubers per plant, tuber weight per plant, tuber weight, tuber grade, and farm business analysis. The data analysis used was the analysis of variance test 5%. If it is significantly different, an orthogonal contrast further test is carried out with a level of 5%. Relationships between characters were analyzed using a 5% Pearson correlation coefficient. The result showed that single application of cow manure gave better results on plant height, leaf area, plant dry weight, tuber weight per plant, number of tubers per plant, and percentage of standard tubers. The total cost incurred on the single cow manure application was higher than other manure treatments, but produced the best feasibility value. There was positive correlation between plant height, number of leaves, and leaf area on quality and quantity potato tubers.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052304
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username ismiatun
Date Deposited:	15 Jan 2024 02:34
Last Modified:	15 Jan 2024 02:34
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/209728

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