Wibowo, Dennis and Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Tri Rahardjo,, SU. and Dr. Ir. Sri Karindah,, MS (2023) Keanekaragaman Parasitoid Hymenoptera Pada Gulma Perkebunanan Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) menjadi komoditi perkebunan penting di Indonesia yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku utama dalam pembuatan gula. Upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman tebu sering terkendala oleh adanya serangan hama. Pengendalian populasi hama pada tanaman tebu dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan peran dari musuh alami sebagai agens pengendali melalui peningkatan keanekaragaman vegetasi. Beberapa jenis tumbuhan gulma memiliki daya tarik terhadap musuh alami dengan adanya nektar dan polen yang terkandung pada bunga. Bentuk asosiasi antara gulma, hama, dan parasitoid dapat membentuk suatu interaksi jaring-jaring makanan pada suatu ekosistem. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji hubungan antara vegetasi gulma dengan populasi parasitoid Hymenoptera dalam mengendalikan intensitas serangan penggerek batang Chilo sacchariphagus dan Chilo auricilius pada pertanaman tebu. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2022 di 4 lokasi berbeda yaitu Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang; Kalipare, Kabupaten Malang; Gandusari, Kabupaten Blitar; dan Pasirian, Kabupaten Lumajang. Pengamatan vegetasi gulma dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel pada petak berukuran 1m2, untuk setiap lokasi diambil sampel sebanyak 9 titik. Keanekaragaman parasitoid Hymenoptera diamati dengan mengkoleksi menggunakan pantrap dan farmcop yang telah dimodifikasi, sampel diambil pada 5 titik pengamatan yang berada di dalam 9 plot. Intensitas serangan hama C. sacchariphagus dan C. auricilius dihitung berdasarkan pengamatan gejala serangan pada tanaman tebu sebanyak 9 plot dengan setiap plot terdiri dari 5 titik pengamatan. Pengamatan keanekaragaman gulma, parasitoid, dan intensitas serangan hama C. sacchariphagus dan C. auricilius dilakukan dalam interval waktu 1 minggu. Perhitungan dominansi gulma dianalisis dengan menggunakan Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR). Keanekaragaman parasitoid Hymenoptera dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H'), indeks dominansi Simpson (D), indeks kemeretaan Evenness (E), dan indeks kemiripan Bray-Curtis (BC). Analisis jumlah spesies dan populasi gulma dan parasitoid Hymenoptera pada keempat lokasi tebu dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Analisis korelasi Pearson (r) digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara keanekaragaman spesies gulma dengan keanekaragaman spesies parasitoid Hymenoptera dan hubungan antara keanekaragaman spesies parasitoid Hymenoptera dengan intensitas serangan C. sacchariphagus dan C. auricilius.
English Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) has become an important plantation commodity in Indonesia, used as the main raw material for sugar production. Efforts to increase sugarcane productivity are often hindered by pest attacks. Controlling pest populations in sugarcane can be achieved by enhancing the role of natural enemies as control agents through increasing vegetation diversity. Some weed species have attractiveness to natural enemies due to the presence of nectar and pollen in their flowers. The association between weeds, pests, and parasitoids can form a food web interaction in an ecosystem. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between weed vegetation and the population of Hymenoptera parasitoids in controlling the attacks intensity of stem borers (Chilo sacchariphagus and Chilo auricilius) in sugarcane crops. The research was conducted from June to August 2022 in four different locations: Karangploso, Malang Regency; Kalipare, Malang Regency; Gandusari, Blitar Regency; and Pasirian, Lumajang Regency. Observation of weed vegetation was carried out by taking samples in 1m2 plots, for each location a total of 9 samples point were taken. The diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids was observed by collecting using a pantrap and modified farmcop, samples were taken at 5 observation points within 9 plots. The attack intensity of C. sacchariphagus and C. auricilius was calculated based on the observation of attack symptoms on 9 plots of sugarcane, with each plot consisting of 5 observation points. Observations on the diversity of weeds, parasitoids, and the attacks intensity of C. sacchariphagus and C. auricilius were carried out at intervals of 1 week. Calculation of weed dominance was analyzed using the Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR). The diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids was analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), Simpson dominance index (D), Evenness distribution index (E), and Bray-Curtis similarity index (BC). The analysis of species diversity and population numbers of weeds and Hymenoptera parasitoids at the four sugarcane locations was analyzed using ANOVA and continued with the Tukey test. Pearson correlation analysis (r) was used to determine the relationship between the diversity of weed vegetation and the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and the relationship between the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and the attack intensity of C. sacchariphagus and C. auricilius.
Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
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Identification Number: | 042304 |
Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian |
Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username chikyta |
Date Deposited: | 12 Jan 2024 04:30 |
Last Modified: | 12 Jan 2024 04:47 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/209068 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
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