Farras., Deemas Afiatan and Prof. Dr. Ir Zaenal Kusuma, SU (2023) Aplikasi Pupuk Kandang Kambing dan Kapur Kalsit terhadap Air Tersedia pada Tanah Berpasir dari Desa Bambang Kecamatan Wajak. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Desa Bambang, Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang. Provinsi Jawa Timur memiliki komoditas utama pertanian tanaman kopi dengan tekstur tanah lempung berpasir. Karakteristik tanah dengan tekstur dominan pasir memiliki sifat mudah meloloskan air. Tanah berpasir memiliki karakteristik sifat kurang menguntungkan seperti berat isi tinggi, struktur lepas (agregasinya rendah) dan porositas tinggi namun kemampuan tanah menahan airnya rendah serta memiliki kandungan bahan organik tanah yang rendah. Kemampuan menahan air yang rendah pada tanah berpasir dapat menimbulkan permasalahan dalam pengembangan pertanian di lahan kering. Pada musim kemarau tanah berpasir rawan terjadi kekeringan karena air mudah hilang melalui proses penguapan, sedangkan pada musim penghujan rawan terjadi pencucian hara karena intensitas curah hujan dan infiltrasi yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan perbaikan kualitas sifat fisik pada tanah berpasir dengan memberikan bahan pembenah tanah seperti pupuk kandang kambing dan kapur kalsit. Pemberian bahan pembenah tanah pada tanah berpasir memungkinkan pembentukan agregat tanah yang lebih stabil sehingga meningkatkan kemampuan tanah menahan air serta air tersedia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga bulan Desember 2022 di green house Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan yang dikombinasi yaitu tanah berpasir dengan kedalaman (K1: 0-30 cm, K2: 30-60 cm), kapur kalsit (P1: 0 ton/ha, P2: 3 ton/ha) dan pupuk kandang kambing (D1: 0 ton/ha, D2: 20 ton/ha, D3: 40 ton/ha) dengan menghasilkan 12 perlakuan kombinasi dan 3 ulangan sehingga memiliki 36 pot unit perlakuan. Parameter utama yang diamati diantaranya yaitu, berat isi, porositas total, dan kadar air pF (2,5 dan 4,2) serta kadar air tersedia. Hasil data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalis menggunakan analisis ragam taraf 5% dan dilakukan uji lanjut DMRT taraf 5% untuk mencari perlakuan kombinasi dengan hasil terbaik. Analisis selanjutnya dilakukan dengan uji korelasi dan regresi untuk mengetahui keeratan hubungan serta pengaruh dari setiap parameter terhadap variabel yang diamati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari perlakuan kombinasi antara penambahan kapur kalsit 3 ton/ha dan pupuk kandang kambing 40 ton/ha pada tanah berpasir kedalaman 0-30 cm maupun 30-60 cm (perlakuan K1P2D3 dan K2P2D3) berpengaruh nyata terhadap setiap parameter sifat fisik seperti berat isi menurun, porositas total, kadar air pF 2,5, pF 4,2 dan kadar air tersedia meningkat. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa parameter berat isi tanah berkorelasi negatif, sedangkan pada parameter porositas total dan kandungan bahan organik tanah berkolerasi positif terhadap kadar air tersedia dengan memiliki keeratan hubungan yang kuat. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa parameter berat isi tanah, porositas total dan bahan organik tanah mempengaruhi kadar air tersedia. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diketahui bahwa penambahan pupuk kandang kambing dan kapur kalsit mampu memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah berpasir, terutama dalam meningkatkan kadar air tersedia pada tanah berpasir.
English Abstract
Bambang Village, Wajak District, Malang Regency, East Java Province has the main agricultural commodity of coffee plants with sandy loam soil texture. Soil characteristics with a dominant texture of sand have the property of easily allowing water to pass. Sandy soil has unfavorable characteristics such as high bulk density, loose structure (low aggregation) and high porosity but low water holding capacity and low soil organic matter content. Low water holding capacity on sandy soil can cause problems in agricultural development on dry land. In the dry season, sandy soil is prone to drought because water is easily lost through the evaporation process, while in the rainy season it is prone to nutrient leaching due to high intensity of rainfall and infiltration. Therefore it is necessary to improve the quality of the physical properties of sandy soils by providing soil enhancers such as goat manure and calcite lime. Applying soil amendments to sandy soils allows the formation of more stable soil aggregates thereby increasing the soil's ability to hold water and available water. This research was conducted from June to December 2022 at the green house of the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The reasearch was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments in combination including (K1: 0-30 cm, K2: 30-60 cm), calcite lime (P1: 0 tons/ha, P2: 3 tons /ha) and goat manure (D1: 0 tons/ha, D2: 20 tons/ha, D3: 40 tons/ha) resulting in 12 treatment combinations and 3 replications so that there were 36 pots of treatment units. The main parameters observed included bulk density, total porosity, and pF moisture content (2,5 and 4,2) and available moisture content. The results of the data obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance at the 5% level and a DMRT further test at the 5% level to find the combination treatment with the best results. Further analysis was carried out using correlation and regression tests to determine the closeness of the relationship and the effect of each parameter on the observed variables. The results showed that the combination treatment of adding 3 tons/ha of calcite lime and 40 tons/ha of goat manure on sandy soil with a depth of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm (K1P2D3 and K2P2D3) had a significant effect on each parameter of physical properties such as bulk density decreased, total porosity, moisture content pF 2,5, pF 4,2 and available water content increased. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the bulk density parameter was negatively correlated, while the total porosity parameter and the soil organic matter content had a positive correlation with available water content with a strong relationship. The results of the regression analysis showed that the parameters of bulk density, total porosity and soil organic matter content affected the available water content. Based on this, it is known that the addition of goat manure and calcite lime can improve the physical properties of sandy soil, especially in increasing the available water content in sandy soil.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username chikyta |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Jan 2024 03:57 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Jan 2024 03:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/209053 |
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